Design of Rigid Paveent

Input Parameter
Design Life = 30 yrs

Lane width 3.5 m
Transverse joint spacing (m) 4.5 m
Design wheel Load = 50 KN
Tyre Pressure = 0.8 Mpa
% of commercial vehicle with spacing less than transverse joint spaci 55 %
Commercial vehicle travel during night time from traffic count 60 %
Soaked CBR Value of sub grade = 8
Thickness of Dry Lean Concrete subbase, either 100 or 150mm 150 mm
Granular Sub base thickness 250 mm
Effective modulus of subgrade reaction of foundation, MPa/m 284.67 MPa/m
Commercial vehicle per day for avg of 7 days 24 hrs count 4492.5 cvpd
No. of yrs. From initial count to construction period completition 4 yrs
decimal) 0.075 %
Total Two-way Commercial Traffic (cvpd) in the year of completion of
construction ### ###
Characteristics compressive strength of concrete (fck) = 40 Mpa

28-day Flexural strength of cement concrete, MPa 4.5
90-day Flexural strength of cement concrete, MPa 4.95
Truck Truck 0.8 Mpa
minimum 50%
Tractor Trailer 0.5 Mpa

Axle Load Spectrum Data
Rear Single Axle Rear Tandem Axle Rear Tridem Axle

Mid- Mid- Mid-
Point Point Point
Load Load Load
of Frequenc of Frequency of Frequenc
Group Group Group
Load y (%) Load (%) Load y (%)
(kN) (kN) (kN)
Group Group Group
185- (kN) (kN) 530- (kN)
190 18.15 380 - 400 390 14.5 545 5.23
195
175- 560
500-
180 17.43 360 - 380 370 10.5 515 4.85
185
165- 530
470-
170 18.27 340 - 360 350 3.63 485 3.44
175
155- 500
440-
160 12.98 320 - 340 330 2.5 455 7.12
165
145- 470
410-
150 2.98 300 - 320 310 2.69 425 10.11
155
135- 440
380-
140 1.62 280 - 300 290 1.26 395 12.01
145
125- 410
350-
130 2.62 260 - 280 270 3.9 365 15.57
135
115- 380
320-
120 2.65 240 - 260 250 5.19 335 13.28
125
105- 350
290-
110 2.65 220 - 240 230 6.3 305 4.55
115 320
260-
95-105 100 3.25 200 - 220 210 6.4 275 3.16
290
230-
85-95 90 3.25 180 - 200 190 8.9 245 3.1
260
< 85 80 14.15 < 180 170 34.23 < 230 215 17.58
100 100 100
From IRC:SP:62-2014,cl.3.5 Table 3.1
Soaked CBR Subgradek-value (Mpa/m)
2 21
3 28
4 35
5 42
7 48
10 55
15 62
20 69
50 140
100 220
Soaked CBR Value of sub grade = 8
From IRC:SP:62-2014,Table 4
k-value of subgrade eff. K for 100mm DLC eff. K for 150mm DLC
21 56 97
28 97 138
42 166 208
48 208 277
55 278 300
62 300 300
Soaked CBR Value of sub grade = 50.3333333333
100mm
150mm
Vehicle distribution
Type of road factor
Single-lane roads 1.00
Two-lane single carriageway 0.50
Four-lane single carriagewa 0.40
Dual carriageway roads 2 la 0.75
Two-lane single carriageway roads 0.5
Dowel bar
Table 5
Slab thickness Dia Length
0.2 25 360
0.23 30 400
0.25 32 450
0.28 36 450
0.3 38 500
0.35 38 500
50.3333
0mm DLC
231.333
284.667
Spacing
300
300
300
300
300
300
IRC:58-2015 Guidelines for Design of
Plain Jointed Rigid Pavements for Highways
Example of Design of Slab Thickness for Pavement
(with and without doweled transverse joints. Beta value will be 0.66 for doweled joint and 0.90 for without dowels case)
Type of pavement considered Pavement Structural Details
Two-lane single
Carriageway Modulus of subgrade reaction of subgrade, MPa/m 50.33
carriageway roads
Thickness of Granular Subbase, mm 250
Shoulders :- Tied concrete shoulders ? (yes/no) yes Thickness of Dry Lean Concrete subbase, mm 150
Effective modulus of subgrade reaction of foundation,

Transverse joint spacing (m) 4.5 MPa/m
284.67
Lane width (m) 3.5 Unit weight of Concrete, kN/m3 24

Transverse Joints have dowel bars? (yes/no) yes 28-day Flexural strength of cement concrete, MPa 4.5
Max. day-time Temperature Differential in slab, 0C (for
Design Traffic Estimation bottom-up cracking)
16.8
Design Period (years) 30 Night-time Temperature Differential in slab, C (for top-

0
13.4 cl. 5.6.1.1 & 5.6.2
down cracking) = day-time diff/2 + 5
Total Two-way Commercial Traffic (cvpd) in the year of 6000 Trial Thickness of Concrete Slab, m 0.3
completion of construction
Av. Annual rate of growth of commercial traffic 0.075 Load Transfer Efficiency Factor for TDC analysis, Beta = 0.66
(expressed as decimal) 0.66 for dowel Joints, 0.90 for joints without dowels
Cumulative No of Commercial vehicles during design 226444692 Elastic Modulus of Concrete, Ec (MPa) 30000
period (two-way), A cl. 5.8.4
Average No of axles per commercial vehicle, B 2.35 Poisson's Ratio of Concrete, Mu 0.15
Cumulative No of Commercial Axles during design 532145025 Radius of relative stiffness, m 0.70180
period (two-way), C = A*B
Proportion of traffic in predominant direction (For 2-
lane 2-way highways use a value of 1.0), D
0.50 Design Axle Load Repetitions for Fatigue Analysis
Lateral Placement factor (0.25 for 2-lane 2-way. For if transverse

multilane highways the value is 0.25 X C), E
0.125
joint provided For Bottom-up Cracking Analysis
Minimum
Factor for selection of traffic for Bottom up cracking 0.25 recommended Front single (steering) Axles = H * K1 5986632
(BUC)analysis (for six-hour period during day), F 0.25
Factor for selection of traffic for Top Down Minimum
Cracking(TDC) analysis (for six-hour period during 0.3 recommended Rear single Axles = H * K2 1995544
night), G 0.25
Design axle repetitions for BUC analysis (for 6 hour day 13303626 Tandem Axles = H * K3 3325906
time traffic), H = B*E*F
Proportion of vehicles with spacing between front and

the first rear axle less than the spacing of transverse 0.55 Tridem Axles = H * K4 1995544
joints, I
Design axle repetitions for TDC analysis (for 6-hour
night time traffic), J = B*E*G*I
10975491 For Top-Down Cracking Analysis
Proportion of Front single (steering) Axles, K1 0.450 Front single (steering) Axles = J * K1 4938971
Proportion of Rear single Axles,K2 0.150 Rear single Axles = J * K2 1646324
Proportion of tandem Axles, K3 0.250 Tandem Axles = J * K3 2743873
Proportion of Tridem Axles, K4 = (1-K1-K2-K3) 0.150 Tridem Axles = J * K4 1646324
Fatigue Damage Analysi
Axle Load Spectrum Data Bottom-up Cracking Fatigue Analysis for Day-time (6 hour) traffic and
Positive Temperature Differential (10 am -4 pm) Top-Down Cracking Fatigue Analysis f
cl. 5.8.6.1
Rear Single Axle Rear Tandem Axle Rear Tridem Axle Rear Single Axles Rear Tandem Axles Rear Single Axles
Load Mid-Point of Frequency Load Mid-Point of Frequency Load Mid-Point of Frequency Expected Flex Stress Allowable Fatigue Expected Flex Stress Allowable Fatigue Expected Flex Stress Allowable
Group Load Group (%) Group (kN) Load Group (%) Group Load Group (%) Repetitions Stress Ratio Repetitions Damage Repetitions Stress Ratio Repetitions Damage Repetitions Stress Ratio Repetitions
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kN) (kN) (ni) MPa (SR) (Ni) (ni/Ni) (ni) MPa (SR) (Ni) (ni/Ni) (ni) MPa (SR) (Ni)
185-195 190 18.15 380 - 400 390 14.5 530-560 545 5.23 362191 2.306 0.466 7565456 0.048 482256 1.9367 0.391 infinite 0.000 298808 2.267 0.458 18427181
175-185 180 17.43 360 - 380 370 10.5 500-530 515 4.85 347823 2.236 0.452 46205311 0.008 349220 1.8733 0.378 infinite 0.000 286954 2.219 0.448 infinite
165-175 170 18.27 340 - 360 350 3.63 470-500 485 3.44 364586 2.166 0.438 infinite 0.000 120730 1.8099 0.366 infinite 0.000 300783 2.170 0.438 infinite
< 85 80 14.15 < 180 170 34.23 < 230 215 17.58 282369 1.532 0.310 infinite 0.000 1138458 1.239 0.250 infinite 0.000 232955 1.735 0.351 infinite
0 0 100 0 0 100 0 0 100 1995544 Fat Dam from Sing. Axles = 0.055 3325906 Fat Dam from Tand Axles = 0.000 1646324 Fat Dam from Sing. Axles =
Total Bottom-up Fatigue Damage due to single and

tandem axle loads =
0.055 + 0.000 = 0.055 Total Top-D
Front Single Axles and Rear Tridem axles not considered for bottom-up analysis at at day
Sum of CFD for BUC & TDC= 0.118 DESIGN IS S
Design for Bonded Pavement Option
Subgrade CBR (%)= 8 Trial Slab thickness (m) over DLC, h1 0.235 Poisson's Ratio of DLC, m2 0.2
Granular Subabse Thickness (mm) = 250 Provide DLC thickness (m), h2 0.15 Depth to Neutral axis, m (See Fig.6) 0.16
Effective k-value from Tables 2 and 3 (MPa/m) = 72.0 Elastic Modulus of Pavement Concrete (MPa), E1 30000 Flex Stiffness of design Slab 69.05
For k of 72.0 MPa/m and for Elastic Modulus of DLC (MPa), E2 13600 Flex Stiffness of Partial Slab Provided 46.65
Doweled Joint and Tied Concrete Shoulders, Slab Thickness (m) = 0.3 Poisson's Ratio of Paving Concrete, m1 0.15 Flex Stiffness of DLC 23.28
age Analysis
g Fatigue Analysis for Night-time (6 hour) traffic and Negative Temperature Differential
( 12 am - 6 am)
Rear Tandem Axles Rear Tridem Axles

Axles (Stess computed for 50% of axle load) (Stress computed for 33% of
axle load)
Fatigue Expected Flex Stress Allowable Fatigue Expected Flex Stress Allowable Fatigue
Damage Repetitions Stress Ratio Repetitions Damage Repetitions Stress Ratio (SR) Repetitions Damage
(ni/Ni) (ni) MPa (SR) (Ni) (ni/Ni) (ni) MPa (Ni) (ni/Ni)
0.016 397862 2.2911 0.463 10386861 0.038 86103 2.2266 0.450 infinite 0.000
0.000 288107 2.2428 0.453 36948911 0.008 79847 2.1783 0.440 infinite 0.000
0.000 99603 2.1944 0.443 infinite 0.000 56634 2.13 0.430 infinite 0.000
0.016 2743873 Fat Dam from Tand Axles = 0.046 1646324 Fat Dam from Tridem Axles = 0.000
Total Top-Down Fatigue Damage = 0.016 + 0.046 + 0.000 = 0.062
DESIGN IS SAFE SINCE SUM OF CFD FOR BUC AND TDC< OR EQ.1
cl. 6.3.4.1
Total Flexural Stiffness Provided = 46.65 + 23.28 = 69.93
which is more than the Flexural Stiffness of the Design Slab = 69.05
Hence, Provide a Slab of thickness (m) 0.235 over DLC of thickness (m) 0.15
Slab thickness (h1) over DLC layer may be obtained by iteratively changing h1 and matching the
design stiffness with the combined stiffness provided
Design of Dowel bar
Slab Thickness = 0.300

Joint type expansion
Joint width = 20.000
modulus of sub grade reaction = 284.667
Elastic Modulus of Concrete, Ec (MPa) 30000.000
Poisson's Ratio of Concrete, Mu 0.150
Radius of relative stiffness, m 701.799
Modulus of dowel support = 415000.000
Modulus of dowel bar = 200000.000
Maximum single axle load = 190.000
Maximum single wheel load = 95.000
Load transfer at terminal stage to the tied concrete shoulder = 30.000

if no concrete shoulders are provided,no load transfer.
Wheel load for dowel bar design = 66.500

Safety of the dowel bar is examined for a wheel load of 66.5 KN
Percentage of load transfer through dowel bar for 100% joint efficiency 50.000
Load to be transmitted = 33.250

Characteristics compressive strength of concrete (fck) = 40.000
Diameter of dowel bar = 38.000
Permissibe bearing stress in concrete = 26.709
Spacing between the dowel bars assumed = 300.000

First dowel bar from the pavement edge is placed at = 150.000
Length of dowel bar assumed = 500.000
dowel bars are effective for load transfer upto a distance of = 701.799
No. of dowel bar participating in load transfer when the wheel load is
just over the dowel bar close to the edge of the slab = 3.339
3.000
load carried by the outer dowel bar - 19.914
Check for bearing stress:
Moment of inertia of dowel = 102354.113

Relative stifness of dowel bar embedded in concrete, 0.021
Bearing stress in dowel bar = 26.556

26.5564161246 <=
safe
Hence the dowel bar spacing and diameter assumed are safe.
m
expansion 20
mm contraction 5
Mpa/m
N/mm2
mm
Mpa/m (ranges from 80000 - 415000,recommended 415000 cl. 7.2.3)
Mpa/m
KN
KN considering dual wheel as single
wheel for a safe design
%
KN
% minimum 50%
KN
Mpa
mm
Mpa
mm
mm
mm
mm
calcu.
adopted for safe
KN
mm4
1/mm
Mpa
26.7086614173
Difference 0.15225

Design of Rigid Paveent

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Design of Rigid Paveent

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Input Parameter

Design Life = 30 yrs

Characteristics compressive strength of concrete (fck) = 40 Mpa

Tractor Trailer 0.5 Mpa

Rear Single Axle Rear Tandem Axle Rear Tridem Axle

Two-lane single carriageway roads 0.5

Thickness of Granular Subbase, mm 250

Effective modulus of subgrade reaction of foundation,

Lane width (m) 3.5 Unit weight of Concrete, kN/m3 24

Design Period (years) 30 Night-time Temperature Differential in slab, C (for top-

Lateral Placement factor (0.25 for 2-lane 2-way. For if transverse

Proportion of vehicles with spacing between front and

Total Bottom-up Fatigue Damage due to single and

Design for Bonded Pavement Option

Rear Tandem Axles Rear Tridem Axles

Total Top-Down Fatigue Damage = 0.016 + 0.046 + 0.000 = 0.062

Total Flexural Stiffness Provided = 46.65 + 23.28 = 69.93

Slab Thickness = 0.300

Load transfer at terminal stage to the tied concrete shoulder = 30.000

Wheel load for dowel bar design = 66.500

Load to be transmitted = 33.250

Permissibe bearing stress in concrete = 26.709

Spacing between the dowel bars assumed = 300.000

Length of dowel bar assumed = 500.000

load carried by the outer dowel bar - 19.914

Check for bearing stress:

Moment of inertia of dowel = 102354.113

Bearing stress in dowel bar = 26.556

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