PRESTON UNIVERSITY

B-TECH PASS (CIVIL TECHNOLOGY)

DISTANCE LEARNING PROGRAM
STRENGTH OF MATERIAL

Sep 02, 2014

Prepared by

SHAH FAISAL
REG. # 10C2-2140024
ABU DHABI (UAE)
MOB. # +971-552344550
 DISTANCE LEARNING ASSIGNMENT STRENGTH OF MATERIAL
PROGRAM: - B-TECH (PASS1) IV

NAME: - SHAH FAISAL. REGISTRATION # 10C2-214024

Q-1. a- Calculate the minimum wall thickness for a cylindrical vessel that is to carry a
gas at a pressure of 1400 psi. The diameter of the vessel is 2ft and the stress is
limited to 12Ksi.

Ans:- Q = 1400psi
t = 12ksi
Tensile force = ½ qv = I
= ½ x 2x14000/144 = 97.22 lbs/ft
I = fc x b x tmin

97.22 = 12000x12x tmin

tmin = 97.22/12000x12
tmin = 6.75 x 10-4

Q-1. a- A water tank 22ft in diameter is made from steel plates that are ½ inch thick.
Find the maximum height to which the tank may be filled if the circumferential

Ans:-
Dia of tank =D = 22ft
Thickness of plate = 0.50 inch
Stress О = 6000psi
О = PD/4t

P = L x (62.4/1x12 x12) = 0.036 L ibs/m

6000 = 0.036xlx22x12/2x0.50

L = 6000 x 4x0.50/ 0.036x22x12 = 105.21 ft.

Q. 2:- a- A uniform bar of length L. cross sectional area A and unit mass p is suspended
vertically from one end. Show that its total elongation is O0 = Pg L2/2E. If the total mass
of the bar is M. Show also O0 = MgL/2AE.

Ans:-
Length = l
Area = A L
Mass of the bar = p
Total mass of the bar = pl
Total weight of the bar= plg

Strees in the bar while it is suspended as it

One edge = force/area = weight of bar/area =plg/A
Stress/strain = E
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 DISTANCE LEARNING ASSIGNMENT STRENGTH OF MATERIAL
PROGRAM: - B-TECH (PASS1) IV

NAME: - SHAH FAISAL. REGISTRATION # 10C2-214024

Strain = Stress/E = plg/E

Strain = ΔL/L since point of application of force mid height of the bar L=L/2
plg
ΔL = Strain x L = /E x L/2 = Pl2g/2E

ΔL = PL/AE P = Weight = mg.

= PLg L = L/2

ΔL = pLg xL/2AE = PL2g/AE

If M = mass of bar

ΔL = PL/2AE =Mgl/2AE P= weight =Mg

Q. 2:- b- A uniform slender rod L and cross-sectional area A is rotating in a horizontal

plane about a vertical axis through one end. If the unit mas of the rod is p, and it is
rotating at a constant angular velocity of w rad/s, show that the total elongation of the
rod is pw2L3/3E.

Ans:-

Q. 3:- A bronze sleeve is slipped over a steel bold and held in place by a nut that is turned
to produce an initial stress of 2000 psi in the bronze. For the steel bolt A=0.75 inch2
E=29x106 psi and a = 6.5x 106 in/(in.oF). For the bronze sleeve A = 1.5in2, E= 12x106 psi
and a = 10.5 x106 in/(in.oF). After the temperature rise of 100 oF, Find stress in each
material.

Ans:-

Initial stress = 2000 psi

Nut Steel bolt
2
Area of steel bolt = 0.75 in
Bronze sleeve

Es = 29x106 psi
δs = 6.5x 106 in/in.oF

Area of bronze = 1.5 in2

E Br = 12x106 psi
δBr = 10.5 x106 in/(in.oF

Δt = 1000

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 DISTANCE LEARNING ASSIGNMENT STRENGTH OF MATERIAL
PROGRAM: - B-TECH (PASS1) IV

NAME: - SHAH FAISAL. REGISTRATION # 10C2-214024

Change in length of steel bolt = ΔL = δLx Δt

ΔL = 6.5x 10-6 x Lst x 100= 6.5x 10-4 x Lst

Change in length of bronze = ΔL = 10.5x10-6 x Lbr x 100

= 10.5x10-4 x Lbr

Elongation in bronze is restrained by the nut = ΔLBr = ΔLSt

E = Stress/Strain = f/ ΔL/L f = E x ΔL/L

fbr = Ebrx ΔL/L = 12 x 106 x 10.5 x 10-4 L/L

= 12600psi
Stress in bronze as bolt restrict its elongation to increase in length and it has initial stress of
2000psi.

Total stress on bronze = 2000 + 12600 = 14600psi

Total stress on steel = fst = Est x ΔL/L

fst = 29x106 x 6.5 x 10-4 L/L

= 18850 psi

Q. 4:- a- A truck with axle loads of 40 KN and 60KN on a wheel base of 5m rolls across a
10m span. Compute the maximum bending moment and the maximum shearing forc.

Ans:-
Location of load when load is at the shown location center of gravity of the load.

= (60 x 5.0)/100 = 3.00m from 40 KN load.

RA = (100x6.0)/10 = 60 KN
RB = 100- RA = 100 – 60 = 40 KN.

Shear force will be maximum when the C.G is near to the support 60KN is at 0.1m
from & support B
RA = (100x 2.1)/10 = 21KN
RB = 100 -21 = 79 KN

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 DISTANCE LEARNING ASSIGNMENT STRENGTH OF MATERIAL
PROGRAM: - B-TECH (PASS1) IV

NAME: - SHAH FAISAL. REGISTRATION # 10C2-214024

40KN 100KN 60KN

1.0 3.0 2.0 4.0

RA= 21KN RB = 79 KN

Q. 4:- b- Three wheel loads roll as a unit across a 44ft span. The loads are P1 = 4000 lbs
and P2 = 8000 lbs separated by 9ft and P3 = 6000lbs at 18 ft from P2. Determine the
maximum moment and maximum shear in the simply supported span.

Ans:-
P1 P2 P3
C
4K 8.0K /L 6.0K
2 2
9.0 14.0 6.0

44.0’
RA= 8181.82lbs RB = 9818.18 lbs

8181.82
4182.82
RA
-3818.18 RB

Shear diagram

-9818.18

Bending moment diagram

C.G of load from P1 = P2 x 9+P3 x 27/ P1 + P2+ P3

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 DISTANCE LEARNING ASSIGNMENT STRENGTH OF MATERIAL
PROGRAM: - B-TECH (PASS1) IV

NAME: - SHAH FAISAL. REGISTRATION # 10C2-214024

= (8.0 x9) + (6.0 x 27) / (4.0+8.0+6.0) = (72+162)/18

= 234/18 = 13’-0”

Moment is maximum when C/L of span will divide the distance between C.G of load.
Work out RB consider moment A

= 4000.0x11.0 + 8000.0x 20 + 6000.0x38 - RB x44

RB= (44000+ 160000 + 228000)/44 = 432000/44 =9818.18 lbs.

RA = 18000 – 9818.18 = 8181.82lbs

M max = 8181.82 x 11 + 4182x9 = 127645.40 lbs/ft

For maximum shear C.G of the load shall be as close to the support as possible. Place 6.0 K
load at 1.0m from support B

RA = (6x1)+(8.0x19)+ (4x28)/ 44 = 6136.36 lbs

RB= 18000.00 – 6136.36 = 11863.64 lbs

4K 8.0K 6.0K

9.0 9.0 18.0 1.0

44.0’
RA= 6136.36 lbs RB = 11863.64 lbs

6136.36
2136.36
RA
-5863.64 RB

Shear diagram

-11863.64

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 DISTANCE LEARNING ASSIGNMENT STRENGTH OF MATERIAL
PROGRAM: - B-TECH (PASS1) IV

NAME: - SHAH FAISAL. REGISTRATION # 10C2-214024

Q. 5:- A beam simply supported on a 36 ft span carries a uniformly distributed load of

2000lbs/ft over the middle 18 ft. using an allowable stress of 20 ksi, determine the highest
suitable W shape beam. What is actual maximum stress in the selected beam?

Ans:-
UDC= 2000 lbs/ft

RA 36’-0” RB

Allowable stress ƒb = 20.0 ksi

mom = WL2/8
= 2.0 x 362/ 8 = 324kip-ft

ƒ = stress due to flexure.

M = moment in kip-ft
I = inertia
Y = distance of extreme fiber from N.A
ƒ = M/Z
Z = section modulus= I/y
Z = M/allowable stress (ƒb) = (324x12)/20
= 194.40in3

Section of modulus of W21x96 = 198 in3

Section of modulus of W18x105 = 202 in3
Weight of W21x96 is the less than the W18x105 and more economical to use actual in the
beam = ƒcc =M/2
Actual stress in the beam ƒcc = 324x12/198 = 19.64ksi

Q. 6:- A simply supported beam of length L carries a uniformly distributed load of 6000
N/m and has the cross section shown in Fig-585. Find L to cause a maximum flexural
stress of 16Mpa. What maximum shearing stress is then developed?

200mm
150mm 250mm
Ans:-

300mm

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 DISTANCE LEARNING ASSIGNMENT STRENGTH OF MATERIAL
PROGRAM: - B-TECH (PASS1) IV

NAME: - SHAH FAISAL. REGISTRATION # 10C2-214024

Length = Lm = W = 600 N/m

L = ? ƒb = 16Mpa

ƒv = ?

W = 6000 N/m

I = by3/12 + A

A = (d-d/2)2 = bd3/2

I = 2 x 50 x 2503/12 + 2 x (200) x 50 x (125-100)2

I = 130208333.3 + 12500000

I = 142708333.3 mm2

M = WL2/8

ƒb = My/I = M = ƒb x I/y

6000L2/8 = {16 x 142708333.3/ (250/2)} x 1/1000

L2 = (16 x 142708333.3/125) x 1/1000

L = (16 x 142708333.3/125) x 1/1000 = 4.935 m

Reaction = 6000 x 4.935/2 = 14805 N

Shear stress = V/A = 14805/45000 = 0.329 N/mm2

Q. 7:- A couple M is applied at the propped end of the beam shown in fig below, compute
R at the propped end and also the wall restraining moment.
M

A L B

(fy) A fxb= (Fy) B

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 DISTANCE LEARNING ASSIGNMENT STRENGTH OF MATERIAL
PROGRAM: - B-TECH (PASS1) IV

NAME: - SHAH FAISAL. REGISTRATION # 10C2-214024

Ans:-

Σ Fx = 0 (Fx)A + (Fx)B = 0 F x A = - (Fx) B

Σ Fy = 0 (Fy)A + (Fy)B = 0 (Fy)A = - (Fy)

A +m 0B

Moments = mom – distribution = -M/2 / -M/2

Moment @ support B = -M/2

ΣM = 0 considering moment at B

(M + M/2) + (Fy) x L = 0

M + M/2 = - (Fy) A x L

(Fy) A = -( M + M/2)/L = -3/2 M

(Fy) A = 3/2M /L down word

(Fy) B = - (Fy) Δ

= (M + M/2)/L Up word

Q. 8:- Find the beam shown in Fig below. Determine the value of ELδ midway between
the support and at the left end.

200 lbs/ft 200 lbs/ft

4 ft R1 4 ft 4ft R2
Ans:-

MoL0 + 2M1 (L0 + L1) + M2L1 + 8 A0a0/L0 + 8A1b1/L1 = 8EI (h0/L0 + h2/L1)
= 8A1B1/L1 =7/800 W0L3 = (7/800)x(800)(1000)= 7000lbs-ft2
= 2( -800)(4+4)+(-800)x 4+ 7000 = 6EI (-δ/4 + 0)
= EIδ = -12800 + - 3200 + 7000 = 9000

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 DISTANCE LEARNING ASSIGNMENT STRENGTH OF MATERIAL
PROGRAM: - B-TECH (PASS1) IV

NAME: - SHAH FAISAL. REGISTRATION # 10C2-214024

Q. 9:- A short 60mm diameter circular bar is made of a material for which the maximum
safe compressive stress is 80Mpa and the maximum safe shearing stress is 30Mpa.
Determine the maximum axial compressive force that can be safely applied to the bar.

Ans:-

Dia of bar = d = 60mm

Safe compressive stress = ƒc = 80 Mpa
Safe shearing stess = ƒv = 30Mpa

F = ƒva

= 80 x (л/4 x 602)

= 226194.67N = 226.2 KN

Q. 10:- A reinforced concrete beam d = 18 in, and n =10. Find the dimensions b and A,
that will resist a bending moment of 60 Kip.ft with balanced stress reinforcement if fc=
1600psi and fs = 20ksi.

Ans:-

Beam depth = d = 18 in.

Modular ratio = n = 10
b = ?
As = ?
M = 60kip – ƒt
Fc = 1600 psi
Fs = 20 ksi
C = (fc/2)x ba
T = As x fs

Fc/a = (fs/n) / d-a

Afs/n = fa (d-a)

afs/u x fc a = fc x v

NIA = a = fc /(fs/n + fc) =1600/(20000/10 +1600)

= 0.444d

M = c (d – a/3) = Asfs (d- a/30

M = (fc/2) x b x 0.444 d (d -0.444/3 d)
M = fc x bd2 x 0.1894
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 DISTANCE LEARNING ASSIGNMENT STRENGTH OF MATERIAL
PROGRAM: - B-TECH (PASS1) IV

NAME: - SHAH FAISAL. REGISTRATION # 10C2-214024

60 x 12000 = 0.1894 x 1600 x 182 x b

b = (60 x 12000) / (0.1894 x 324 x 1600) = 7.33”

M = As fs (d – a/3) = o.852dAsfs

As = M/(0.852 x dx fs) = (60 x12000)/ (0.852x 18 x 20000)

= 2.35 in2

Q. 11:- Determine the slenderness ratio of a 5 m column with built in ends if its cross-
section is (a) circular with a radius of 40mm and (b) 50 mm square. Use the concept of
effective length.

Ans:-

Length of columns = 5.0 m

a) = radius of column = 40mm
b) = = 50mm
Slenderness ration = = KL/R

K = coefficient depends upon length of column at both ends.

L = effective length
R = Radius of gyration = I/A

Assume K = 1.0
Slenderness ratio = L/R

a- = I = лd4/64 = л(2r)4/64 = л16r4/64

= л16r4/64= лr4/4
2
A = лr
R = лr4/4 x 1/ лr2 = r2/4 = r/2

= 40/2 = 20mm

Slenderness ratio = 5000/20 = 250

b- I = bd3/12 A= bd

R = I/A = (bd3/12) x 1/bd = d2/12

= 502/12 = 14.43mm

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 DISTANCE LEARNING ASSIGNMENT STRENGTH OF MATERIAL
PROGRAM: - B-TECH (PASS1) IV

NAME: - SHAH FAISAL. REGISTRATION # 10C2-214024

Slenderness ratio = 5000/14.43 = 346.50

Q. 12:- A plate 6 in wide and ½ in thick is lapped over and welded to a gusset plate.
Determine the minimum length of a 5/16 in, side fillet weld that will be necessary if the
plate is subjected to an axial stress of 20 ksi. Use an allowable shearing stress through the
throat of the weld of 21 ksi.

Ans:- L
Width of plate = 6” T
6”
Thickness of plate = ½”

Stress = 20 ksi

Tension I = 20 x bd

= 20 x 6 x 1/2 = 60 kips

Length of weld a rounding two sides weld

L = T/2fa = 60/2x21 = 1.43”

Total weld length = 1.43 x 2= 2.86”

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