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REDUCTION
THE CONCEPT OF DISASTER
LESSON OUTLINE
• Effects of Disasters
LET US DIFFERENTIATE:
•Natural Event
•Hazard
•Disaster
ARE ALL NATURAL EVENTS
CONSIDERED AS HAZARD?
WHEN DOES A NATURAL EVENT BECOME A HAZARD?
WHAT IS A HAZARD?
• A dangerous phenomenon, substance, human
activity or condition that may cause loss of life,
injury or other health impacts, property
damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social
and economic disruption, or environmental
damage.
-United Nations Office for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)
NOT ALL NATURAL EVENTS ARE HAZARD.
Natural Event
NATURAL EVENT OR HAZARD
Hazard
NATURAL EVENT OR HAZARD
Natural Event
NATURAL EVENT OR HAZARD
Hazard
NATURAL EVENT OR HAZARD
• A sandstorm in an uninhabited
part of the Sahara Desert.
Natural Event
NATURAL EVENT OR HAZARD
• A violent eruption in an
unoccupied volcanic island in
the Pacific.
Hazard
NATURAL EVENT OR HAZARD
Hazard
HOW DO YOU DEFINE HAZARDS?
WHEN DOES A HAZARD BECOME A DISASTER?
WHAT IS A DISASTER?
Hazard
HAZARD OR DISASTER
Hazard
HAZARD OR DISASTER
Disaster
HAZARD OR DISASTER
Hazard
HAZARD OR DISASTER
Disaster
HAZARD OR DISASTER
Disaster
HAZARD OR DISASTER
Disaster
HOW DO YOU DEFINE DISASTER?
WHAT IS DISASTER RISK?
DISASTER RISK
• It is the probability of harmful consequences
or expected losses (death, injuries, property,
livelihoods, economic activity disrupted or
environment damaged) resulting from
interactions between natural or human-
induced hazards and vulnerable conditions.
World Health Organization(WHO), 2007
How likely is a hazard to become a disaster?
DISASTER RISK
Low
Capacity
DISASTER RISK
HIGH RISK
Low Low
Exposure Vulnerability
High
Capacity
DISASTER RISK
LOW RISK
2017 WORLD RISK REPORT
• United Nations University-Institute for Environment and
Human Security ranks the Philippines as third highest at
risk to disasters, behind Vanuatu and Tonga.
• The report measures risks using a system called world
risk index (WRI).
• WRI used 28 indicators and research data grouped
into: exposure, susceptibility, coping capacity and
adaptive capacity.
Esquire Philippines. (May 2, 2018).
WRI: EXPOSURE (52.46%; 3RD )
• Forestry Management
• Agriculture
• Government expenditure on health per capita
• Life expectancy at birth
Parena, J.S Jr. (2016), Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction. Phoenix Publishing House, Inc: Quezon City
WHAT ARE THE FACTORS THAT AFFECT RISK
TO DISASTERS OF A COUNTRY?
Parena, J.S Jr. (2016), Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction. Phoenix Publishing House, Inc: Quezon City
Effects of Disasters
THERE ARE TWO WAYS TO CLASSIFY THE
EFFECTS OF DISASTERS
Categories
Types • Human/Biological
• Primary • Social
• Physical/Material
• Secondary
• Psychological
• Tertiary • Economic
• Environmental
• Political
Parena, J.S Jr. 2016. Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction. Phoenix Publishing House, Inc: Quezon City
Lanada, M.I, Melegrito, M.L., & Mendoza,D.J. 2016. Building Resilient Communities. Phoenix Publishing. Quezon City.
TYPES OF EFFECTS
• Human/Biological
- Injuries
- Disease Breakout
- Missing People
- Death
Lanada, M.I, Melegrito, M.L., & Mendoza,D.J. 2016. Building Resilient Communities. Phoenix Publishing. Quezon City.
CATEGORIES: SOCIAL
Lanada, M.I, Melegrito, M.L., & Mendoza,D.J. 2016. Building Resilient Communities. Phoenix Publishing. Quezon City.
CATEGORIES: SOCIAL
Lanada, M.I, Melegrito, M.L., & Mendoza,D.J. 2016. Building Resilient Communities. Phoenix Publishing. Quezon City.
CATEGORIES: PHYSICAL/MATERIAL
- Damaged properties: collapsed buildings, roads
and bridges
- Disturbed electrical and water supply
- Loss of homes, vehicles, business and other
belongings
Lanada, M.I, Melegrito, M.L., & Mendoza,D.J. 2016. Building Resilient Communities. Phoenix Publishing. Quezon City.
CATEGORIES: POLITICAL
- Government response(local and national)
- Balancing funds/resources with the peoples’ needs
- Change in appointment
- Parties attacking another parties for government failure or
improper response
- Issues in distribution of relief goods
- Strikes, protests, rebellion, revolution
- International support
Lanada, M.I, Melegrito, M.L., & Mendoza,D.J. 2016. Building Resilient Communities. Phoenix Publishing. Quezon City.
Questions?
Questions?