Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Solve this problem for t ≥ 0. Plot the characteristic lines. Using your plot, determine (approximately)
for how long the solutions are valid i.e. use your plot to graphically determine tb . Upload the code
used for generating your plots.
Solution. Using the characteristic methods, we get the ODE
dx (t )
= tu, x (0) = x0 .
dt
Now, since the PDE in (0.3) is homogeneous, u along our characteristic curve (x (t ), t ) is constant.
Therefore,
1
4
-10 -5 5 10
Solve this problem for t ≥ 0. Plot the characteristic lines. Using your plot, determine (approximately)
for how long the solutions are valid i.e. use your plot to graphically determine tb . Upload the code
used for generating your plots.
Solution. Using the characteristic methods, we get the ODE
dx (t )
= u, x (0) = x0 .
dt
Now, since the PDE in (0.3) is homogeneous, u along our characteristic curve (x (t ), t ) is constant.
Therefore,
x (t ) = –x0 t + x0 = x0 (1 – t ) . (0.4)
2
Here, we can explicitly solve for x0 giving
x
x0 = .
1–t
Therefore, the solution to (0.3) is
x
u(x , t ) = u0 (x0 (x , t )) = –x0 (x , t ) = .
t–1
The characteristics (0.4) are plotted in Figure 2. It looks as though the breaking time is tb = 1.
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
-2 -1 1 2