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​ OST IMPORTANT TOPICS​ FOR BOARD EXAMINATION

​ ​ BIOLOGY - M
CBSE 10th
(99%+ Questions in biology, are expected to be asked from these topics only)

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(Can be used as a checklist to boost your confidence, ONLY IF YOU HAVE STUDIED CAREFULLY)

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Chapter- Life Processes:
Autotrophic/ heterotrophic nutrition, Holozoic nutrition steps, Photosynthesis steps and reactions, Stomata- structure
and mechanism of functioning, Nutrition in ​Amoeba​- steps, Mechanism of digestion- carbohydrates/protein/fat; Bile

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juice importance; Dental caries;
Aerobic vs anaerobic respiration (comparison), Respiratory surface properties, C-rings of trachea, Lungs- surface area
maximisation, inhalation/exhalation;

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Vascular bundles, Ascent of sap and transpiration pull, translocation;
Human heart- structure (chambers and valves), circulation pathway, double circulation, arteries vs veins,
Systole/diastole; Blood- components/functions; Blood-clotting, Lymph;

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Nephron-structure and function (3-steps), osmoregulation, Artificial kidney (haemodialysis)

Chapter- Control and Coordination:

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Tropic/nastic movements, plant-hormones- Auxin, Cytokinin, Gibberellin, Ethylene, ABA;
Neuron- structure, synapse; Receptors-types; reflex action/arc; Protection of CNS- Cranium/vertebral column,
meninges, CSF, Brain- parts/functions, Spinal cord- functions, ANS;
Glands and their hormones- Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, testes, ovaries; Dwarfism,
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Gigantism, Acromegaly, Diabetes mellitus; Feedback mechanism;

Nervous vs Endocrine system

Chapter- Reproduction:
DNA copying importance, asexual repro- types/examples, Steps with diagram- binary fission in amoeba/ budding in
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yeast; Artificial veg. propagation- advantages;

Flower- structure, pollination, double fertilization/ triple fusion, post-fertilisation changes; Seed: seed-coat layers,
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embryo- plumule/radicle;
Chromosomes- maintenance of number of chromosomes (meiosis during gamete formation); Human male/female
repro systems- parts/functions, fertilization, implantation, placenta- functions; menstrual cycle; contraceptives; STDs
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Chapter- Heredity and Evolution:

Acquired/inherited traits, genes/alleles, dominant/recessive allele; advantages of selecting pea plant by Mendel;
Monohybrid/dihybrid cross; Laws of dominance/ segregation/ independent assortment; Sex determination; Variation-
importance for species; Evolution; Speciation,genetic drift, natural selection; Homologous/analogous organs,
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palaeontological evidences; Evolution vs progress; Evolution and classification are interlinked; Origin of life and
human evolution

Chapter- Our Environment:

Ecosystem- types and components, producer/consumer/decomposer; Food chain/web, trophic levels, Unidirectional
energy flow (10% law); Ozone layer- importance/depletion/preservation; Biodegradable/non-biodegradable wastes;
Garbage disposal methods

Chapter- Management of Natural Resources:

Renewable/non-renewable resources; Biodiversity; Stakeholders, Sustainable management, chipko movement;
National parks/ wildlife sanctuaries/ biosphere reserves; Dams- benefits/disadvantages, Narmada bachao;
Water-harvesting- methods/benefits; Fossil fuels- disadvantages/ better alternatives.
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