Chairil Anwar was born on July 26, 1922 in Medan, North Sumatra, as the only child of Toeloes and

Saleha, both residents of Lima Puluh Kota district, West Sumatra.As a child, he was hard-headed and
unwilling to lose at anything; this was reflective of his parents' personalities. He was also spoiled by his
parents.He attended local schools for native Indonesians, until dropping out at the age of 18 or earlier.
Anwar later said that he had known he wanted to be an artist since the age of 15, having already written
poetry in the then-dominant style.

After his parents' divorce, his father continued to financially support him and his mother, who moved to
Batavia (Jakarta after Indonesia's independence). Although originally intending to continue his schooling,
he eventually dropped out again. In Batavia he mixed with many rich Indo children,as well as the local
literary scene. Despite him not finishing his schooling, he was capable of actively using English, Dutch,
and German.

After Anwar's poem "Nisan" ("Grave"; reputedly his first), inspired by his grandmother's death, was
written in 1942, Anwar gained recognition. However, his poems were at times still rejected. For example,
in 1943, when he first approached the magazine Pandji Pustaka to submit his poems, most were rejected
for being too individualistic and not keeping with the spirit of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere.
However, some, including the poem "Diponegoro", were able to pass the censors. During this period he
continued associating with other writers, trading ideas and later becoming a leader amongst them. He
later established the magazine Gema Gelanggang. He wrote his last poem, "Cemara Menderai Sampai
Jauh" ("Fir Trees Are Sown Off Into the Distance"), in 1949. Anwar died in CBZ Hospital (now R.S.
Ciptomangunkusomo), Jakarta, on 28 April 1949; the following day, he was buried at Karet Bivak
Cemetery. His cause of death is uncertain, with some suggesting typhus, some syphilis, and some
suggesting a combination of the two as well as tuberculosis.His death anniversary, April 28, is celebrated
as National Literature Day in Indonesia. Dutch scholar of Indonesian literature A. Teeuw suggests that
Anwar was aware that he would die young, pointing to "Jang Terampas dan Jang Putus" ("The Seized and
the Broken"), which has a theme of surrender, and predicts that he will be buried in Karet.

During his lifetime Anwar wrote approximately 94 works, including seventy-one poems. Most of those
were unpublished at the time of his death, but were later collected in several collections of his work
published posthumously. Of these, Anwar considered only 13 to be truly good poems. The first published
was Deru Tjampur Debu (Roar Mixed with Dust), which was followed by Kerikil Tadjam dan Jang
Terampas dan Terputus (Sharp Pebbles and the Seized and The Broken). Although several poems in those
collections had the same title, they were slightly different The most celebrated of his works is "Aku"
("Me").
1 The uses of certain name Chairil Anwar, Toeloes and Saleha

2 time and adverbs of time 1922,1942,1943,1949,

3 past tense Chairil Anwar was born on July 26, 1922 in Medan, North Sumatra

he was hard-headed and unwilling to lose at anything

4 action verbs He attended local schools for native Indonesians

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