Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region III
Division of Bulacan
Microlink Institute of Science and Technology - Baliwag Campus
PvR Building B.S. Aquino Ave., Bagong Nayon, Baliwag, Bulacan

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Romantic Relationship to the Academic

Performance, Family’s Perspective and Social Interaction of
Selected Students in Bahay Pare National High School S.Y. 2018-2019

A Research Paper Presented To:

Ms. Joan Eser Mina
Senior High School Department
Microlink Institute of Science and Technology – Baliuag Campus

In Partial Fulfillment of the requirements

In Practical Research I
For Accountancy, Business and Management Strand

By:

Punzalan, Angel Lennon

Sarmiento, Cristina,
San Juan, John Rey
Bunag, Micko
Dela Cruz, Azine Dave
Grade 11-ABM

March 01, 2019

 INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study

Human varies on ways of how they deal with different activities, circumstances
and situations including relationship. Having lack of experiences with such may lead to
two distinct outcomes, the positive and the negative. Extreme feeling of infatuation which
is seemingly thought to be felt as love is one of the examples that forces naive youths to
enter in a so called romantic relationship. The more a person becomes curious the more
they likely to involve in such relationship.
In Philippine tradition, child aging eighteen below are under great supervision of
their parents. Filipinos are also known to be customarily conservative. They value the
essence of chastity especially at an early age but in the present time and with the touch
(change the word touch to influence) of colonization their culture was fused with Western
mores including liberation. In result, Filipino youths come up into the notion that having
romantic relationship is not imperil and typical since it’s a usual thing in other prestigious
and influential states (cite the name of the author and year of your related study here).
Romantic relationship literally means a relationship based on a mutual feeling of
love or infatuation. This is often sexual yet does not require the practice to be considered
as romantic based on the text, “Healthy Relationships: A Guide for Teens” from a
research reviewed by Nancy Brown, a physician and researcher in the PAMF Research
Institute. Therefore, abstinence is not a hindrance to this (erase na lang natin ituu.).
Moreover, romantic relationship is defined as a connection shared with someone, a
reciprocated desire, respect and commitment, being concerned with somebody’s viability
more than oneself, sharing all one has and accepting all the other too (said by whom). It
differs from a committed relationship as it refers to an agreed commitment among two or
more persons. It can be a close friendship, long-term relationship or marriage, etc. which
are beyond the compass of this scrutiny.
According to Headspace (is this a site), “Romantic relationships are a common
topic of conversation, a significant source of preoccupation and rumination and a major
cause of emotion in adolescence.” It is a common factor of their extreme emotion both
favorable (e.g. pleasure, satisfaction, joy, excitement) and unfavorable (e.g. envy, anger,
pain, jealousy). Teenagers spend much of their time wandering what it feels like to have a
conversation with their boyfriend-girlfriend (Furman, 2012). However, aged people opine
young persons in a romantic relationship as superficial yet minors dissent from this view.
In a recent study, half of adolescents reveal their engagement in an early committed
relationship and about one-third of them proclaimed that they are into a serious
relationship (Teenage Research Unlimited, 2012 is this a research study here in
Philippines). Furman & Shaffer (2013) stated that despite the fact that most early
relationship are in average of relatively short duration while still in that phase, it can
nevertheless play a pivotal role in adolescents’ lives and is essential in enhancing their
capacity to commit in a long-term relationship during their adulthood.
Movies, books and even social media offer fantasies to teenagers and insights that
engaging in a relationship is sublime. Their inclination of trying to fit in is also a factor
that impulse them to explore it. On the other hand, a famous public speaker on teenage
sexuality named Josh McDowell, the author of “The Myths of Sex Education”, elaborated
in an article entitled The Cause and Cure of Sexual Promiscuity that young individuals
who lacks in love and affection at home, especially paternally, are more often to seek
early romantic relationship and that 50 % form the survey with 1,000 high school
students doubt their parents love towards them. Fogarty (indicate the year) asserted in
“Teen and Dating Tips for Parent and Professionals”, that keeping a good communication
between the parent and its offspring may minimize the probability of negative dating
experience of their child.
One of the disadvantages of engaging in romantic relationship is the pre-marital
sex which is an issue in our country, Philippines, which may also lead to another global
contemporary issue, teenage pregnancy wherein girls ages 15-19 are reportedly becomes
a mother in a very young age (Department of Health and Human Services, year??
Philippines ba ituu). Additionally, young individuals who engaged in this kind of
relationship have substantial tendency to have lower educational aspiration and grades,
poor academic performance and social skill, depression, drug use, return home late
frequently, keep secrets to their parent/guardian and disregard major priorities. The desire
of giving quality time and attention to their partners cause them to be distracted easily. In
contrast, it also has advantage like they can excel in the class because they are inspired to
study hard; gain more friends (partner’s friends), coping skills and self-esteem; have
greater emotional development; and dating in later teen years can facilitate the
establishment of their personal identity (said by whom??).
The subject of this research is the Junior and Senior High School students of
Bahay Pare National High School, a public school located in the province of Pampanga.
The students usually ages from 11-18 years old which is known to be the developing age
of a human or the adolescence period (Canadian Pediatric Society, 2013). In this stage,
many physical, mental and emotional changes occur. It is also the stage of curiosity and
aggressiveness when they tend to learn not only in the class but also in their inner selves
enhancing knowledge (mental) and skills (physical), managing emotions (emotional),
handling relationships (social) and acquiring attributes or abilities which may help them
in dealing with life as an adult (indicate the name of the author and year also). In that
case, they can be more likely to be influenced by certain factors from external pressures
like environment or the society they are involved.
Overall, there are certain factors that can influence a Junior or Senior High School
student to commit in an early romantic relationship like technology, peer pressure,
curiosity, etc. and may create various impacts on the life of the student specifically in
their own personality or behavior, family affinity, study and social interaction. It will
either benefit them or cause drawbacks to these aspects. The consequences of such
actions or phenomena can be possibly reduced through awareness that this study can
somehow impart.

Statement of the Problem

At the present time, being engaged in a romantic relationship at an early age
becomes accustom among high school students. It is due to different factors and so may
imply positive and negative effect/s on the life of the student. The main problem of this
research is to determine the advantages and disadvantages of committing in an early
relationship aiming to formulate a theory regarding the topic with the use of constructed
conceptual framework.
The following questions are aimed to answer in this study:
1. What age do most of Junior and Senior High School students in Bahay Pare
National High School initially enter a romantic relationship? What are the reasons
 of the students to engage in early romantic relationship? (can we change your
SOP no. 1 with this question if this is answerable in your questionnaire)
2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of having an early romantic
relationship to the Academic Performance of the Junior and Senior High school
students in Bahay Pare National High School?
3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of having an early romantic
relationship to the family’s perspective of the Junior and Senior High school
students in Bahay Pare National High School?
4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of having an early romantic
relationship to the social interaction of the Junior and Senior High school students
in Bahay Pare National High School?

Conceptual Framework

Make a brief introduction about conceptual framework (definition and its

importance to research study). Just explain briefly.

The principal interest of this research is to formulate a theory on the advantages

and disadvantages of having an early romantic relationship to the family’s perspective,
social interaction and Academic Performance of the Junior and Senior High School
students. Theory is defined as set of ideas or concepts that are used to explain or describe
a certain phenomenon or matter constructed as a result of reasonable or convincing
relationships among concepts or collection of interconnected concepts that provides both
framework for understanding a phenomenon critically and a basis of contemplating
appropriate organization of what is unknown. (Benetti, 2009). The intent of this scrutiny
in establishing theoretical framework was to distinguish the benefits and drawbacks of
early relationship towards the Junior and Senior High School students’ family, peers and
institution.
 Formulation of Questions

Semi-structured interview of
family, teacher, and survey of
Junior and Senior High
students in Bahay Pare
National High School
Analysis of Advantages
and Disadvantages of Focus Group Discussion
Romantic Relationship

Data Analysis

Theory Building

Figure 1. Paradigm of the Study

Figure 1 illustrates the paradigm of the study. This paradigm shows the flow of
the research. It emphasizes how the probe was managed to be done or performed.

There are three variables that can be affected either positively or negatively as a
Junior or Senior High School student is having a romantic relationship. These are the
Academic Performance, Social Interaction and Family’s Perspective of the student which
are represented by the teacher, family and Junior and Senior High school students. The
figure shows three sets of methods in collecting data from the sources applying the
triangulation method in inducing valid data or information.

Scope and Delimitations

The scope of this study are the students of Bahay Pare National High School, a
public school located in Candaba, Pampanga. The researchers choose one-hundred (100)
participants among the students to participate in the study.
 Since the study is about the disadvantage and advantages of romantic relationship
towards academic performance, family perspectives and social interaction, the
researchers conduct a semi-structured interview only to participants who are currently
engaged in a romantic relationship alongside with the participants parents, and the
student’s adviser. However, because of the limited time of the researchers to employ the
semi-structured interview to the involved students, instead of one-on-one interview, it
ends up with answering a questionnaire.

Significance of the Study

This research contains advantages and disadvantages of romantic relationship on
different aspects of a high school student’s life. However, as a partial aim to reduce the
disadvantages through awareness of the consequences of having a committed relationship
at an early age, specifically during the high school years, the following are the
beneficiaries of the study:

STUDENTS. Through this research, the students can be knowledgeable about the
advantages and repercussions of their own act so that they may avoid implications if
intended.
PARENTS. This study will benefit the parents to understand their daughter/son
why they engaged in romantic relationship at an early age. They will be aware that
there’s also an advantage if they will allow their son/daughter in the said relationship.
Moreover, their family ties will be much better since their daughter/son will trust them to
open-up with regards of their relationship.
TEACHERS. They will benefit to this study because they will be conscious of
making judgement to the students who have a girlfriend/boyfriend. As a second parent of
the students, they will understand the reason why their student suddenly have an
unsatisfactory performance in their studies especially when they have problems with their
gf/bf. They may bestow motivation in order for the student to cope up with that situation.
RESEARCHERS. The findings in this study may be useful to those researchers
who will conduct a research related or similar with the topic. It contains data that will
serve as reference if relevant to their study.
Definitions of Terms
Adolescence - is the period following the onset of puberty during which a young person
develops from a child into an adult.
Infatuation - is an intense but short-lived passion or admiration for someone or
something.
Intimate relationship - is an interpersonal relationship that involves physical or
emotional intimacy. Physical intimacy is characterized by friendship, platonic love,
romantic love, or sexual activity.
Perspective - is particular attitude toward or way of regarding something; a point of
view.
Personal identity - is the concept you develop about yourself that evolves over the
course of your life.
Premarital sex - is sexual activity practiced by people before they are married.
Repercussion - is an unintended consequence occurring sometime after an event or
action, especially an unwelcome one.
Social Interaction - is an exchange between two or more individuals and is a building
block of society.
 METHODOLOGY
Make a brief introduction about the content of methodology.

Research Design
This study employed qualitative research design to gain an in-depth understanding
of underlying reasons, perception, opinion and motivations. Qualitative research is
defined by Shank (2012) as “a systematic subjective approach used to describe life
experiences and give them meaning.” The goal of qualitative is to gain insight and
complexity inherent in the phenomenon.
In addition, the researchers used the grounded theory as an approach in
discovering what problems exist in a social scene and how persons handle them.
According to Glaser and Strauss, first researchers who use qualitative research, grounded
theory is an exertion of constant comparative methodology combining data analysis with
data collection where the heart of data analysis is based on three types of coding
procedures: open, axial, and selective. The researchers see grounded theory under
qualitative research as an approach to inquiry that best allows researchers to determine
the advantages and disadvantages of romantic relationship to the Junior and Senior High
School students.

Frame Research Question

Data Collection, Theoretical Sampling

Data Coding (Open Coding, Axial Coding, Selective Coding) Analysis

Theory Development

Figure 2. Grounded Theory Flow Chart

Grounded theory process primarily includes framing of research questions

followed by collection of data and theoretical sampling. After data were gathered, they
will be analyzed using the open, axial and selective coding. As a final procedure,
grounded theory requires development of theory.
Based on the statements mentioned above, the researchers used the grounded
theory to develop a theory about the advantages and disadvantages of romantic
relationship to the Junior and Senior High School students.

Population and Sample Study

The respondents of the study are selected Junior and Senior High School students
of Bahay Pare National High School S.Y. 2018-2019. Out of 2,100 high school students
inside the campus who can be likely to enter or has entered a romantic relationship, the
researchers selected 100 students who are certainly in a current romantic relationship or
have their previous experience/s.

The sample of this study was selected through convenience sampling which is a
type of non-probability/non-random sampling technique. According to Etikan and others
(2016), the target population in a convenience sampling or availability sampling should
be accessible, available at a given time, or willing to participate for the completion of the
scrutiny. The researchers used the convenience sampling since respondents from selected
section who are present during the survey will voluntarily answer the questionnaire.

Research Instrument

Researchers manipulated multiple methods to verify the validity of the study

through analyzing research questions from multiple perspectives. The use of more than
one, typically three from different method is called Triangulation method. (Bekhet AK,
2012) The groups of respondents are the Junior and Senior High School students,
secondary school teachers and parents/guardians of the selected high school student.
They used recorder, camera, memoranda and field notes to guarantee authenticity,
reliability and validity of all data, figures, papers and other information. Considering the
qualitative grounded theory approach, the following instruments were utilized by the
researcher to gather information to be analyzed in this research.
The instruments that will be utilized to collect data in this study are survey
questionnaire, interview, observation and focus group discussion. The participants for the
questionnaire will be the subject of this probe pertaining to the selected Junior and Senior
High School students. It is composed of two parts. The first part contains the personal
profile of the participants which includes their name, their parents/guardian’s name, age,
gender, contact number, address and grade & section while the second part is consists of
3 sets of questions concerning the following: Set 1- Advantage and Disadvantage of
Romantic Relationship to Academic Performance; Set 2 - Advantage and Disadvantage
of Romantic Relationship to Family’s Perspective; and Set 3 - Advantage and
Disadvantage of Romantic Relationship to Social Interaction.
Researchers construct two different types of interview with two varied content.
They will conduct an unstructured interview for the parents of the selected Junior and
Senior High School student respondents and structured interview for the advisers of each
selected section where the survey questionnaires are administered. These interviews are
managed to be done after the questionnaires are imparted in order to confirm the validity
of the students’ answers to the inquiries. Structured interview is a formal interview where
the interviewer can prepare in advanced a fixed format of standard interrogations and the
interviewee will respond in an agreed schedule and limited time. It has close-ended
questions unlike unstructured interview although pre planned questions can still be
provided (Surbhi 2016).
They will also direct a focus group discussion wherein researchers gather data
from gathered people having the same background or experiences towards the topic to be
discussed. It will be used to validate and collect more data results from the questionnaire
regarding the advantages and disadvantages of romantic relationship to the Social
interaction of a high school student.
Another instrument that researchers will employ is observation which refers to the
process of collecting data that requires basic senses to examine humans in their natural
settings and occurring situation. It can either be considered as participant observer or
non-participant observer. In this research, they will act as a non-participant observer
without the need of having an active part in the life or situation of what is under
observation.

Data Collection Procedure

The researchers asked permission to the Principal of Bahay Pare National High
School before conducting the survey. After the consent was approved, they enter every
selected class at a time and discuss to the respondents the details, content and instructions
then reminded them the importance of their honesty in answering the research instrument.
Each statement of the survey shall be answered by the participants based on their
characteristics, view and perceptions. When the researchers had finished the survey, they
will study, interpret and analyze the data gathered using the processes based on the
method used.

Data Analysis

The data and information gathered from reading, recording, taking of pictures,
and interviews undergo analysis and interpretation through categories, concepts and
properties. The coding process is classified into three steps, the open coding, axial coding
and the selective coding. Simplifying the process, the researchers emphasize casual
relationships and outline, layout or fit contents into a basic frame of generic relationships.