Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Abstract-- Slum population has been increasing in context and sanitation situation of korail slum, hygienic,
Bangladesh over the last three decades along with the growth sustainable and eco-friendly sanitation system has been
and expansion of cities and towns. But slum facilities are very increasingly needed.
much unsatisfactory for them due to lack of proper water
supply and sanitation system. Therefore, the major portion of Currently, UNICEF and WHO estimate that 1.1 billion
excreta is deposited into water bodies and open places, as such people lack access to improved water supplies and 2.6
polluting water sources, groundwater and the general billion people lack adequate sanitation [6]. But the UN
environment. As a result, majority of population in Bangladesh
Millennium Development Goals (MDG) aim to reduce by
suffer from different kinds of water and excreta-borne diseases
that aggravate in their poverty situations. That’s why, essential half the proportion of people without sustainable access to
goal of the study is to investigate of water supply and sanitation safe drinking water and basic sanitation by the year 2015.
facilities for Korail slum in Dhaka city. During the study However, slum dwellers in Bangladesh are behind from the
period, data and information were collected by questionnaire Millennium Development Goals [1].
survey at Korail slum. However, the level of hygiene knowledge
and practice has been found to be significantly low among the Water supply and sanitation facilities in terms of quality and
Korail slum dwellers. The study in Korail area of Dhaka city quantity are utmost necessary for assessing the living
has found that the sanitary and water supply condition are environment of the slum. In many areas the sanitation
improving very slowly. Majority slum people use tube well
coverage is much below the national coverage figure, only
water for drinking while significant amount of open defecation
is also found. Normally Korail slum have pit latrines, which 13.5% in metropolitan slums [7]. Moreover, the presence of
are partially hygienic. These may cause ground water thousands of slums and squatters within Dhaka city is an
contamination depending on the soil characteristics and ever-present threat of public health. Many of these have
distance between the water sources and latrines. The drainage been set up over open water bodies or besides railways
system is the most neglected sector in the slums. The open tracks. They have no proper arrangement of water supply
disposal of human excreta pollutes the nearby water bodies, and sanitation system that create an adverse effect on city’s
canals and drains causing severe water pollution. Besides, solid environment. In this absence of sanitary latrines, inevitably
waste management and drainage system are totally human as well as general house hold waste is finding its
unsatisfactory in the slum area. Many motivational work and
ways in to the surface water bodies. It is believed that urban
idea marketing from government and NGO side help to
improve their awareness level. areas have received a disproportionate share of the
investments in development expenditure in the country.
Index Term-- Slum, Sanitation, Hygienic, Contamination, In slum area of Dhaka, the situation is very worse than in
Excreta-Borne Diseases rural areas [2]. Only 18.9 percent households have access to
sanitary latrine (Semi-Pucca) and 42 percent have access to
1. INTRODUCTION
pit or open pit latrine [2]. Some organizations are trying to
Slum population has largely increased in Bangladesh over
improve the condition of water supply and sanitation
the last three decades along with the growth and expansion
facilities for urban poor in Dhaka city with different
of cities and towns. Urban poverty is largely due to the
approaches. But the crisis of water supply and sanitation
transfer of the rural poor to urban areas [5]. But the urban
facilities is a common feature in daily life of urban poor. So,
facilities are quit unsatisfactory for urban dwellers in Dhaka
it is an immediate concern to study the approaches of
city. However, Bangladesh produces 17 million metric tons
different organization related to water and sanitation
of human faeces and 57 million metric tons of urine each
facilities for urban poor in this city. That’s why, essential
year [3]. The major portion of these excreta is deposited into
goal of the study is to investigate of water supply and
water bodies and open places, so polluting water sources,
sanitation facilities for Korail slum in Dhaka city.
groundwater and the general environment. As a result,
majority of population in Bangladesh suffer from different
kinds of water and excreta-borne diseases that aggravate in 2. METHODOLOGY
their poverty situations. The global health burden associated The methodology of this survey consists of practical field
with these conditions is staggering, with an estimated 4000– observation and field based data collection of water supply,
6000 children dying each day from diseases associated with sanitation and solid waste management situation through
lack of access to safe drinking water, inadequate sanitation structured and non-structured questionnaire and formal and
and poor hygiene [4]. Therefore, considering the present non-formal interviews. The relevant secondary data for this
study was collected from published and unpublished
sources. The survey was, therefore, undertaken to explore Karoil was surveyed. Sites selected for habitation problem
the nature and many other habitation problem and different and environmental hazardous of low cost area of korail slum
reason of environmental hazardous situation of water area in Dhaka city. It stands on beside Mohakhali near the
supply, sanitation and solid waste management system in BTCL office. Almost 50% inhabitants live in Korail slums
Korail slum. and squatters with a very vulnerable condition of Dhaka
city. Details of Korail slum area is as follows in table I:
2.1 Project Location
The total number of slums in the Dhaka city corporation
area is approximately 4,500. For the study only 1 slum at
Table I
Details of Korail slum area
Location Korail slum,Gulshan Thana, near BTCL
Permanency 49 years
Area 85 Acres
Number of Households 1100
Population 80,000
Water Facility 2 water points (1 DCC and 1 DWASA)
Sanitation Facility 350 water seal latrines, 250 bucket latrines,
Hanging latrines 520
Drainage Facility Discontinuous semi-pucca darain
Solid waste Facility Open place
DCC 19 no. ward.
Bangladesh government (Figure 1). People living in the have 5-8 member in their family (Figure 2).
slum seem to be confused about the actual owner of the
slum. On the other hand 7% of people have 3-5 member in
their family, 24% have more than 8 person on their and 69%
Fig. 1. Actual owner of the slum Fig. 2. Average family size in slum
REFERENCES
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