What is

Mohd noor abdul hamid : mohdnoor@uum.edu.my

 1. Introduction to Function:

Output: Graduate/
Input: Students Function :University Worker

Function = a rule that assigns each input number (x)

exactly one output number (y)

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 Input (x)
Output (y)
x=1 Function f
1+2=3

y=x+2

x = -4 -4 + 2 = -2

1 to 1
Thus, the rule define y as a function of x

Mohd noor abdul hamid : mohdnoor@uum.edu.my

 Y=+3

X=9 y2 = x

Y=-3

1 to Many

y2 = x did not define y as a function of x

Mohd noor abdul hamid : mohdnoor@uum.edu.my

 X=3

Y = x2 -1 Y=8

X = -3
Many to 1

Y = x2-1 did / did not define y as a function of x??

Mohd noor abdul hamid : mohdnoor@uum.edu.my

 2. Functional Notation
Usually, the letters ƒ, g, h, F, G is used to
represent the function rules.
Example: y = x + 2 can be written as,

ƒ(x) = x + 2, where ƒ(x) is the output

for the function ƒ
with x as the input

Therefore, the output ƒ(x) is equal to y

(that is : y = ƒ(x))
Mohd noor abdul hamid : mohdnoor@uum.edu.my
 Example : Given the function f(x) = 4x – 3
5
a)Compute f(2)
f(2) = 4(2) – 3 = 5 = 1
5 5
b) What is the value of x, if f(x) = 3?
3 = 4x – 3
5
15 = 4x -3
18 = 4x

x = 18 = 9
4 2
Mohd noor abdul hamid : mohdnoor@uum.edu.my
 Exercise 1:

Find the value f(3) for the function

f(x)=2x-1

Solution:

f(3) = 2(3) -1
= 6 -1
=5

Mohd noor abdul hamid : mohdnoor@uum.edu.my

 Exercise 2:
Given the function:
f(x) = x2 + 3
2
If f(x) = 6, determine the corresponding value of x

Solution:

f(x) = 6 = x2+3
2
12 = x2+3
9 = x2
x = ±3
Mohd noor abdul hamid : mohdnoor@uum.edu.my
 Exercise 3:
u4
Given h(u) =
u

Find: Answer:
a)h(5) a)±3/5

b)h(-4) b) 0

c)h(u-4) c) u
u-4

Mohd noor abdul hamid : mohdnoor@uum.edu.my

 Exercise 4:
Given f(x) = 4,

Find f(4), f(1/100) and f(x+4)

f(x)

x
1/100 4 10

Answer: 4
Mohd noor abdul hamid : mohdnoor@uum.edu.my
 3. Domain and Range
Domain : set consist of all valid input (x)
for a given function

Range : set consist of all valid output (y)

for a given function
(produce by the values in the
domain)

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 Function

Input
Output
Domain?? { Egg , Rice , Chicken ………..}
{everything that can be fry}

Range?? { Fried Egg, Fried Rice, Fried Chicken…….}

{ all fried food }
Mohd noor abdul hamid : mohdnoor@uum.edu.my
 Output
F(x) = fry
Range = {all fried food}

Input

Domain = { everything that can be fry}

Mohd noor abdul hamid : mohdnoor@uum.edu.my

 Example:
Given the function :
+ +
: :
: :
: :
5 10

0 y=f(x) = 2x 0

-14
-7 :
:
:
:
:
:
-
-
Domain Range
{x ε R} {y ε R}

Mohd noor abdul hamid : mohdnoor@uum.edu.my

Example 2: F(x)/y Y = 2x
+

x
-2 2 4

-4

- +

Domain = ?? {any real numbers (R)} or can be written as

{ x Є R}

Range = ?? { any real numbers (R)} or can be written as

{ y Є R}
Mohd noor abdul hamid : mohdnoor@uum.edu.my
 What have you learnt today??

• Definition of function
- determine whether a mathematical
statement is a function or not.
- determine the input/output of a
function

• Concept of Domain and function

- determine the domain and range of a
given function

Mohd noor abdul hamid : mohdnoor@uum.edu.my

Example 3: y

10 Y = 2x +2

Range

x
2 4

Domain

Domain ?? {2≤x≤4}

Range?? { 6 ≤ y ≤ 10 }
Mohd noor abdul hamid : mohdnoor@uum.edu.my
 y
Example 4 :
26

10

x
3 5

Domain = { 3 ≤ x < 5 }

Range = { 10 ≤ y < 26 }

Mohd noor abdul hamid : mohdnoor@uum.edu.my

 Example 5: y

x
-1

Domain = {x ≤ -1}

Range = { y = 1, y > 3 }

Mohd noor abdul hamid : mohdnoor@uum.edu.my

 y
Example 6 :

x
0 1 2 3

Domain = { 0 ≤ x < 3}

Range = { y = 2, y=4, y=6}

Mohd noor abdul hamid : mohdnoor@uum.edu.my

 y
Example 7:

x
4 8

Domain = { x > 4}

Range = {2 < y ≤ 4 }

Mohd noor abdul hamid : mohdnoor@uum.edu.my

 4. Types of Function & Its Domain and Range

Form Graph Using Algebra

1. Constant Function
2. Linear Function
3. Quadratic Function
4. Polynomial/Cubic Function
5. Composite Function
6. Absolute Function
7. Rational Function
8. Square Root Function

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