TRABAJO No. 3.

1. Realice un mapa conceptual de los métodos iterativos empleados en la solución de ecuaciones

diferenciales de valor inicial.

2. Plantee y solucione dos ejercicios sobre Diferenciación Numérica explicando paso a paso el
procedimiento utilizado.

3. Solucione el siguiente ejercicio utilizando la Regla del Trapecio, la Regla de Simpson 1/3 y la
Regla de Simpson 3/8. Compare los resultados y haga un pequeño análisis. (Dividiendo en 5
intervalos)

𝟒
𝟑
∫ √𝒙𝒆𝒙 𝒅𝒙
𝟎

4.1. REGLA DEL TRAPECIO

𝑏
ℎ
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) ≈ {𝑓(𝑥0 ) + 2(𝑓(𝑥1 )) + 2(𝑓(𝑥2 )) + ⋯ + 2(𝑓(𝑥𝑛−1 )) + 𝑓(𝑥𝑛 )}
𝑎 2

Dónde:

𝑏−𝑎
ℎ=
𝑛

𝑛 = 4 (𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑠)

Entonces:

5−0
ℎ= =1
5

𝑥𝑛 = 𝑥𝑛−1 + ℎ

𝑥0 = 0

𝑥1 = 𝑥0 + ℎ = 0 + 1 = 1

𝑥2 = 𝑥1 + ℎ = 1 + 1 = 2

𝑥3 = 𝑥2 + ℎ = 2 + 1 = 3

𝑥4 = 𝑥3 + ℎ = 3 + 1 = 4

𝑥5 = 𝑥4 + ℎ = 4 + 1 = 5
 𝑏
ℎ
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) ≈ {𝑓(𝑥0 ) + 2(𝑓(𝑥1 )) + 2(𝑓(𝑥2 )) + ⋯ + 2(𝑓(𝑥𝑛−1 )) + 𝑓(𝑥𝑛 )}
𝑎 2

4
3 1
∫ √𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ {𝑓(0) + 2(𝑓(1)) + 2(𝑓(2)) + 2(𝑓(3)) + 𝑓(4) + 2(𝑓(5))}
0 2
4
3 1 3 3 3 3 3 3
∫ √𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ { √0𝑒 0 + 2 ( √1𝑒 1 ) + 2 ( √2𝑒 2 ) + 2 ( √3𝑒 3 ) + √4𝑒 4 + 2 ( √3𝑒 5 )}
0 2

E= 2.71828
4
3 1
∫ √𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ {0 + 2(1.396) + 2(3,08) + 2(8,13) + 23,9 + 2(77.01}
0 2
4
3 1
∫ √𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ {2(1.396) + 2(3,08) + 2(8,13) + 23,9 + 2(77.01)}
0 2
4
3 1
∫ √𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ {2,792 + 6,16 + 16,26 + 23,9 + 154,02}
0 2
4
3 1
∫ √𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ {203,6}
0 2
4
3
∫ √𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ 101,8
0

Hallando la integral:
1
3
(√𝑥𝑒 )3
𝑥

4
3
∫ √𝑥𝑒𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ 102
0

102 − 101,8
𝜀𝑎 ≈ ≈ 0.0075
101,86

Es decir que hay un error aproximado de 0.007%

_________________________

4.2 REGLA DE SIMPSON 1/3

Se debe utilizar un número par de segmentos para implementar el método.

 𝑏
ℎ
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) ≈ {𝑓(𝑥0 ) + 4(𝑓(𝑥1 )) + 2(𝑓(𝑥2 )) + ⋯ + 2(𝑓(𝑥𝑛−2 )) + 4(𝑓(𝑥𝑛−1 )) + 𝑓(𝑥𝑛 )}
𝑎 3

5−0
ℎ= =1
5

Con 5 intervalos no es recomendable.

Se lo realizara este ejercicio con 4 intervalos

𝑏
ℎ
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) ≈ {𝑓(𝑥0 ) + 4(𝑓(𝑥1 )) + 2(𝑓(𝑥2 )) + ⋯ + 2(𝑓(𝑥𝑛−2 )) + 4(𝑓(𝑥𝑛−1 )) + 𝑓(𝑥𝑛 )}
𝑎 3

4−0
ℎ= =1
4

4
3 1
∫ √𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ {𝑓(0) + 4(𝑓(1)) + 2(𝑓(2)) + 4(𝑓(3)) + 𝑓(4)}
0 3
4
3 1
∫ √𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ {𝑓(0) + 4(𝑓(1) + 𝑓(3)) + 2(𝑓(2)) + 𝑓(4)}
0 3
4
3 1 3 3 3 3 3
∫ √𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ { √0𝑒 0 + 4 ( √1𝑒 1 + √3𝑒 3 ) + 2 ( √2𝑒 2 ) + √4𝑒 4 }
0 3
4
3 1
∫ √𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ {0 + 4(1.396 + 8,13) + 2(3.08) + 23,9}
0 3
4
3 1
∫ √𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ {38,104 + 6,16 + 23,9}
0 3

4
3 1
∫ √𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ {68,164}
0 3
4
3
∫ √𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ 22,72
0

Hallando la integral:
4
3
∫ √𝑥𝑒𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ 22.8627
0
 22.8627 − 22.721
𝜀𝑎 ≈ ≈ 0.006
22.8627

Es decir que hay un error aproximado de 0,006%

4.2. REGLA DE SIMPSON 3/8

En primer lugar se verifica que el valor de “n” (5), no es múltiplo de 3, por lo que no se
podría aplicar el método, por lo que se trabajara con 3 intervalos.

𝑏
3ℎ
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) ≈ {𝑓(𝑥0 ) + 3(𝑓(𝑥1 )) + 3(𝑓(𝑥2 )) + 𝑓(𝑥3 )}
𝑎 8

𝑏−𝑎
𝑏 3( 3 )
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) ≈ {𝑓(𝑥0 ) + 3(𝑓(𝑥1 )) + 3(𝑓(𝑥2 )) + 𝑓(𝑥3 )}
𝑎 8

𝑏
(𝑏 − 𝑎)
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) ≈ {𝑓(𝑥0 ) + 3(𝑓(𝑥1 )) + 3(𝑓(𝑥2 )) + 𝑓(𝑥3 )}
𝑎 8

5−0
ℎ= = 1.666
3

𝑥𝑛 = 𝑥𝑛−1 + ℎ

𝑥0 = 0

𝑥1 = 𝑥0 + ℎ = 0 + 1.666 = 1.666

𝑥2 = 𝑥1 + ℎ = 1.666 + 1.666 = 3,332

𝑥3 = 𝑥2 + ℎ = 3,332 + 1.666 = 4,998

4
(5 − 0)
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) ≈ {𝑓(0) + 3(𝑓(1.666)) + 3(𝑓(3,332)) + 𝑓(4,998)}
0 8

4
3 1 3 3 3 3
∫ √𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ { √0𝑒 0 + 3 ( √1.666𝑒1.666 ) + 3 (√3,332𝑒 3,332 ) + √4,998𝑒 4,998 }
0 2
4
3 1
∫ √𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ {0 + 3(1.327) + 3(3.80) + 14,59}
0 2
 4
3 1
∫ √𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ {3,981 + 11,4 + 14,59}
0 2

4
3 1
∫ √𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ {29,971}
0 2
43
∫0 √𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ 14,985

Hallando la integral:
4
3
∫ √𝑥𝑒𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ≈ 15
0

15 − 14,985
𝜀𝑎 ≈ ≈ 0.001
15

Es decir que hay un error aproximado de 0,001%

Al utilizar la Regla del Trapecio, la Regla de Simpson 1/3 y la Regla de Simpson 3/8 nos
podemos dar cuenta que el margen de error aproximado para cada uno respectivamente
va disminuyendo progresivamente, puesto que en este ejercicio nos da como error
aproximado de 0.007% en la regla de trapecio, regla de Simpson 1/3 el error aproximado
es 0,006% y la regla de Simpson 3/8 el error aproximado es de 0,001%, el margen de error
es muy similar.

5. Solucione el siguiente ejercicio utilizando la Integración de Romberg. Usando segmentos de

longitud 1, ½, ¼ Y 1/8.

Solución:
2
∫ 𝑒 𝑥 ln(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
1

2−1 1
1 segmento ℎ1 = 1 = [𝑒 ln(1) + 𝑒 2 ln(2)] = 2.5608
2

3
1 2−1 1 3
2 segmento ℎ2 = 2 = 4
[𝑒 ln(1) + 2(𝑒 2 ln (2)) + 𝑒 2 ln(2)] = 2.1890

5 3 7
1 2−1 1 5 3 7
3 segmento ℎ3 = 4 = 8
[𝑒 ln(1) + 2(𝑒 4 ln (4) + 𝑒 2 ln (2) + 𝑒 4 ln(4)) + 𝑒 2 ln(2)] = 2.0943
 9 5 11 3
1 2−1 1 9 5 11 3
4 segmento ℎ4 = = [𝑒 ln(1) + 2(𝑒 8 ln ( ) + 𝑒 4 ln ( ) + 𝑒 8 ln ( ) + 𝑒 2 ln ( ) +
8 16 8 4 8 2
13 7 15
13 7 15
𝑒 8 ln ( 8 ) + 𝑒 4 ln (4) + 𝑒 8 ln ( 8 )) + 𝑒 2 ln(2)] = 2.0705

Se continúa con el segundo nivel después de haber obtenido los tres valores requeridos,
utilizamos la siguiente fórmula.

4 1
𝐼(ℎ2 ) − 𝐼(ℎ1 )
3 3

4 1
(2.1890) − (2.5608) = 2.0650
3 3
4 1
(2.0943) − (2.1890) = 2.0627
3 3
4 1
(2.0705) − (2.0943) = 2.0625
3 3

Continuamos con el tercer nivel:

16 1
𝐼𝑚 − 𝐼𝑙
15 3

16 1
2.0627 − 2.0650 = 2.0625
15 15
16 1
2.0625 − 2.0627 = 2.0624
15 15

Continuamos con el cuarto nivel:

64 1 64 1
𝐼𝑚 − 𝐼𝑙 = (2.0624) − (2.0625) = 2.0623
63 63 63 63

6. Usar el Método de Euler mejorado para aproximar y(2,3) tomando h = 0.1 dada la ecuación
diferencial
𝑦,=2𝑥+𝑦−3
(2)=1

𝑦 ′ = 2𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3
𝑦(2) = 1
0
𝑦𝑖+1 = 𝑦𝑖 + 𝑓(𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 )ℎ Predictor
𝑓(𝑥𝑖 ,𝑦𝑖 )+𝑓(𝑥𝑖+1 ,𝑦0𝑖+1 )
𝑦𝑖+1 = 𝑦𝑖 + 2
ℎ Corrector
1 Iteración

𝑥𝑖 = 2
𝑦𝑖 = 1
ℎ = 0,1
𝑦10 = 𝑦𝑖 + 𝑓(𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 )ℎ = 1 + 𝑓(2,1)0.1 = 1 + (2𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3)0.1 = 1 + (2(2) + 1 − 3)0.1 = 1,2
𝑓(𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 ) = 𝑓(2,1) = 2𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3 = 2(2) + 1 − 3 = 2
𝑥𝑖+1 = 2 + 0.1 = 2.1
0
𝑓(𝑥𝑖+1 , 𝑦𝑖+1 ) = 𝑓(2.1 , 1.2) = 2𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3 = 2(2.1) + 1.2 − 3 = 2.4
0
𝑓(𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 ) + 𝑓(𝑥𝑖+1 , 𝑦𝑖+1 ) 2 + 2.4
𝑦0+1 = 𝑦𝑖 + ℎ = 1+ (0.1) = 1.22
2 2
2 Iteración

𝑥1 = 2.1
𝑦1 = 1.22
ℎ = 0,1
𝑦20 = 𝑦𝑖 + 𝑓(𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 )ℎ = 1 + 𝑓(2.1,1.22)0.1 = 1 + (2𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3)0.1 = 1 + (2(2.1) + 1.22 − 3)0.1 = 1,242

𝑓(𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 ) = 𝑓(2.1,1.22) = 2𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3 = 2(2.1) + 1.22 − 3 = 2.42

𝑥2 = 𝑥1 + ℎ = 2.1 + 0.1 = 2.2
0
𝑓(𝑥𝑖+1 , 𝑦𝑖+1 ) = 𝑓(2.2 , 1.242) = 2𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3 = 2(2.2) + 1.242 − 3 = 2.642
0
𝑓(𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 ) + 𝑓(𝑥𝑖+1 , 𝑦𝑖+1 ) 2.42 + 2.642
𝑦1+1=2 = 𝑦𝑖 + ℎ = 1.22 + (0.1) = 1.4731
2 2
3 Iteración

𝑥2 = 2.2
𝑦2 = 1.4731
ℎ = 0,1
𝑦30 = 𝑦𝑖 + 𝑓(𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 )ℎ = 1 + 𝑓(2.2,1.4731)0.1 = 1 + (2𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3)0.1
= 1 + (2(2.2) + 1.4731 − 3)0.1 = 1,287

𝑓(𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 ) = 𝑓(2.1,1.4731) = 2𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3 = 2(2.2) + 1.4731 − 3 = 2.873

𝑥3 = 𝑥2 + ℎ = 2.2 + 0.1 = 2.3
0
𝑓(𝑥𝑖+1 , 𝑦𝑖+1 ) = 𝑓(2.3 , 1,287) = 2𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3 = 2(2.3) + 1,287 − 3 = 1.9623
0
𝑓(𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 ) + 𝑓(𝑥𝑖+1 , 𝑦𝑖+1 ) 2.873 + 1.9623
𝑦2+1=3 = 𝑦𝑖 + ℎ = 1.4731 + (0.1) = 1.7149
2 2

4 Iteración

𝑥3 = 2.3
𝑦3 = 1.7149
ℎ = 0,1
𝑦40 = 𝑦𝑖 + 𝑓(𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 )ℎ = 1 + 𝑓(2.3,1.7149)0.1 = 1 + (2𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3)0.1
= 1 + (2(2.3) + 1.7149 − 3)0.1 = 1.3315
𝑓(𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 ) = 𝑓(2.3,1.7149) = 2𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3 = 2(2.3) + 1.7149 − 3 = 3.315
𝑥4 = 𝑥3 + ℎ = 2.3 + 0.1 = 2.4
0
𝑓(𝑥𝑖+1 , 𝑦𝑖+1 ) = 𝑓(2.4 , 1.3315) = 2𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3 = 2(2.4) + 1.3315 − 3 = 3.1315
0
𝑓(𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 ) + 𝑓(𝑥𝑖+1 , 𝑦𝑖+1 ) 3.315 + 3.1315
𝑦3+1=4 = 𝑦𝑖 + ℎ = 1.7149 + (0.1) = 1.322
2 2

7. Utilizar el Método de Runge-Kutta para aproximar

𝑦 ′ = 2𝑥𝑦
𝑦(0) = 1
 1
𝑦𝑖+1 = 𝑦𝑖 + (𝑘 + 2𝑘2 + 2𝑘3 + 𝑘4 )ℎ
6 1

𝑘1 = 𝑓 (𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 )
1 1
𝑘2 = 𝑓 (𝑥𝑖 + ℎ, 𝑦𝑖 + 𝑘1 ℎ)
2 2
1 1
𝑘3 = 𝑓 (𝑥𝑖 + ℎ, 𝑦𝑖 + 𝑘2 ℎ)
2 2
𝑘4 = 𝑓 (𝑥𝑖 + ℎ, 𝑦𝑖 + 𝑘3 ℎ)
1 Iteración
𝑥𝑖 = 0
𝑦𝑖 = 1
ℎ = 0.1

𝒌𝟏 = 𝑓 (𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 ) = 2𝑥𝑦 = 2(0)(1) = 0

1 1 1 1
𝒌𝟐 = 𝑓 (𝑥𝑖 + ℎ, 𝑦𝑖 + 𝑘1 ℎ) = 𝑓 (0 + 0.1 , 1 + (0)(0.1)) = 𝑓(0.05 , 1) = 2𝑥𝑦
2 2 2 2
= 2(0.05)(1) = 0.1
1 1 1 1
𝒌𝟑 = 𝑓 (𝑥𝑖 + ℎ, 𝑦𝑖 + 𝑘2 ℎ) = 𝑓 (0 + 0.1 , 1 + (0.1)(0.1)) 𝑓(0.05 , 1.005)
2 2 2 2
= 2𝑥𝑦 = 2(0.05)(1.005) = 0.1005
𝒌𝟒 = 𝑓 (𝑥𝑖 + ℎ , 𝑦𝑖 + 𝑘3 ℎ) = 𝑓 (0 + 0.1 , 1 + (0.1005)(0.1)) = 𝑓(0.1 , 1.01005 )
= 2𝑥𝑦 = 2(0.1)(1.01005) = 0.20201
1
𝑦𝑖+1 = 𝑦𝑖 + (𝑘 + 2𝑘2 + 2𝑘3 + 𝑘4 )ℎ
6 1
1
𝑦0+1 = 1 + (0 + 2(0.1) + 2(0.1005) + 0.20201)(0.1)
6
1
𝑦0+1 = 1 + ( 0.2 + 0.201 + 0.20201)(0.1)
6
1
𝑦0+1 = 1 + ( 0.60301)(0.1)
6
𝑦(0) = 1.0100502

2 Iteración
 𝑥2 = 𝑥𝑖 + ℎ = 0 + 0.1 = 0.1
𝑦2 = 𝑦0+1 = 1.0100502
ℎ = 0,1

𝒌𝟏 = 𝑓 (𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑖 ) = 𝑓 (0.1 ,1.0100502) 2𝑥𝑦 = 2(0.1)(1.0100502) = 0.20201

1 1
𝒌𝟐 = 𝑓 (𝑥2 + ℎ , 𝑦2 + 𝑘1 ℎ)
2 2
1 1
= 𝑓 (0.1 + 0.1 , 1.0100502 + (0.20201)(0.1)) 𝑓(0.15 , 1.02015)
2 2
= 2𝑥𝑦 = 2(0.15 )(1.02015) = 0.3060450
1 1
𝒌𝟑 = 𝑓 (𝑥2 + ℎ, 𝑦2 + 𝑘2 ℎ)
2 2
1 1
= 𝑓 (0.1 + 0.1 , 1.0100502 + (0.3060450)(0.1)) 𝑓(0.15 , 1.0254)
2 2
= 2𝑥𝑦 = 2(0.15)(1.0254) = 0.30762
𝒌𝟒 = 𝑓 (𝑥2 + ℎ , 𝑦2 + 𝑘3 ℎ) = 𝑓 (0.1 + 0.1 , 1.0100502 + (0.30762)(0.1))
= 𝑓(0.2 , 1.0408 ) = 2𝑥𝑦 = 2(0.2)(1.0408) = 0.41632
1
𝑦1+1 = 𝑦2 + (𝑘 + 2𝑘2 + 2𝑘3 + 𝑘4 )ℎ
6 1
1
𝑦1+1 = 1.0100502 + (0.20201 + 2(0.3060450) + 2(0.30762) + 0.41632 )(0.1)
6
1
𝑦1+1 = 1.0100502 + ( 0.20201 + 0.6121 + 0.6152 + 0.41632)(0.1)
6
1
𝑦1+1 = 1.0100502 + ( 1.84563)(0.1)
6
𝑦(0) = 1.0408

3 Iteración
𝑥3 = 𝑥2 + ℎ = 0.1 + 0.1 = 0.2
𝑦3 = 𝑦1+1 = 1.0408
ℎ = 0,1

𝒌𝟏 = 𝑓 (𝑥3 , 𝑦3 ) = 𝑓 (0.2 , 1.0408) 2𝑥𝑦 = 2(0.2)(1.0408) = 0.41632

 1 1
𝒌𝟐 = 𝑓 (𝑥3 + ℎ , 𝑦3 + 𝑘1 ℎ)
2 2
1 1
= 𝑓 (0.2 + 0.1 , 1.0408 + (0.41632)(0.1)) 𝑓(0.25 , 1.0616) = 2𝑥𝑦
2 2
= 2(0.25 )(1.0616) = 0.5308
1 1
𝒌𝟑 = 𝑓 (𝑥3 + ℎ, 𝑦3 + 𝑘2 ℎ)
2 2
1 1
= 𝑓 (0.2 + 0.1 , 1.0408 + (0.5308)(0.1)) 𝑓(0.25 , 1.06734) = 2𝑥𝑦
2 2
= 2(0.25)( 1.06734) = 0.53367
𝒌𝟒 = 𝑓 (𝑥3 + ℎ , 𝑦3 + 𝑘3 ℎ) = 𝑓 (0.2 + 0.1 , 1.0408 + (0.53367)(0.1))
= 𝑓(0.3 , 1.094167 ) = 2𝑥𝑦 = 2(0.3)(1.094167) = 0.6565
1
𝑦2+1 = 𝑦3 + (𝑘 + 2𝑘2 + 2𝑘3 + 𝑘4 )ℎ
6 1
1
𝑦2+1 = 1.0408 + (0.416321 + 2(0.5308) + 2(0.53367) + 0.6565)(0.1)
6
𝑦(0) = 1.094163

3 Iteración
𝑥4 = 𝑥3 + ℎ = 0.2 + 0.1 = 0.3
𝑦4 = 𝑦2+1 = 1.094163
ℎ = 0,1

𝒌𝟏 = 𝑓 (𝑥4 , 𝑦4 ) = 𝑓 (0.3 , 1.094163) = 2𝑥𝑦 = 2(0.3)(1.094163) = 0.6565

1 1
𝒌𝟐 = 𝑓 (𝑥4 + ℎ , 𝑦4 + 𝑘1 ℎ)
2 2
1 1
= 𝑓 (0.3 + 0.1 , 1.094163 + (0.6565)(0.1)) 𝑓(0.35 , 1.127) = 2𝑥𝑦
2 2
= 2(0.35 )(1.127) = 0.7889
1 1
𝒌𝟑 = 𝑓 (𝑥4 + ℎ, 𝑦4 + 𝑘2 ℎ)
2 2
1 1
= 𝑓 (0.3 + 0.1 , 1.094163 + (0.7889)(0.1)) 𝑓(0.35 , 1.1336) = 2𝑥𝑦
2 2
= 2(0.35)( 1.1336) = 0.794
 𝒌𝟒 = 𝑓 (𝑥4 + ℎ , 𝑦4 + 𝑘3 ℎ) = 𝑓 (0.3 + 0.1 , 1.094163 + (0.794)(0.1))
= 𝑓(0.4 , 1.1736) = 2𝑥𝑦 = 2(0.4)(1.1736) = 0.9389
1
𝑦3+1 = 𝑦4 + (𝑘 + 2𝑘2 + 2𝑘3 + 𝑘4 )ℎ
6 1
1
𝑦3+1 = 1.09416 + (0.6565 + 2(0.7889) + 2(0.794) + 0.9389)(0.1)
6
𝑦(0) = 1.1735

4 Iteración
𝑥5 = 𝑥4 + ℎ = 0.3 + 0.1 = 0.4
𝑦5 = 𝑦3+1 = 1.1735
ℎ = 0,1

𝒌𝟏 = 𝑓 (𝑥5 , 𝑦5 ) = 𝑓 (0.4 , 1.1735) = 2𝑥𝑦 = 2(0.4)(1.1735) = 0.9388

1 1
𝒌𝟐 = 𝑓 (𝑥5 + ℎ , 𝑦5 + 𝑘1 ℎ)
2 2
1 1
= 𝑓 (0.4 + 0.1 , 1.1735 + (0.9388)(0.1)) 𝑓(0.45 , 1.220) = 2𝑥𝑦
2 2
= 2(0.45 )(1.220) = 1.098
1 1
𝒌𝟑 = 𝑓 (𝑥5 + ℎ, 𝑦5 + 𝑘2 ℎ)
2 2
1 1
= 𝑓 (0.4 + 0.1 , 1.1735 + (1.098)(0.1)) 𝑓(0.45 , 1.228) = 2𝑥𝑦
2 2
= 2(0.45)( 1.228) = 1.105
𝒌𝟒 = 𝑓 (𝑥5 + ℎ , 𝑦5 + 𝑘3 ℎ) = 𝑓 (0.4 + 0.1 , 1.1735 + (1.105)(0.1)) = 𝑓(0.5 , 1.284)
= 2𝑥𝑦 = 2(0.5)(1.284) = 1.284
1
𝑦4+1 = 𝑦5 + (𝑘 + 2𝑘2 + 2𝑘3 + 𝑘4 )ℎ
6 1
1
𝑦4+1 = 1.1735 + (0.9388 + 2(1.098) + 2(1.105) + 1.284)(0.1)
6
𝑦(0) = 1.284

5 Iteración
𝑥6 = 𝑥5 + ℎ = 0.4 + 0.1 = 0.5
 𝑦6 = 𝑦4+1 = 1.284
ℎ = 0,1

𝒌𝟏 = 𝑓 (𝑥6 , 𝑦6 ) = 𝑓 (0.5 , 1.284) = 2𝑥𝑦 = 2(0.5)(1.284) = 1.284

1 1
𝒌𝟐 = 𝑓 (𝑥6 + ℎ , 𝑦6 + 𝑘1 ℎ)
2 2
1 1
= 𝑓 (0.5 + 0.1 , 1.284 + (1.284)(0.1)) 𝑓(0.55 , 1.348) = 2𝑥𝑦
2 2
= 2(0.55 )(1.348) = 1.4828
1 1
𝒌𝟑 = 𝑓 (𝑥6 + ℎ, 𝑦6 + 𝑘2 ℎ)
2 2
1 1
= 𝑓 (0.5 + 0.1 , 1.284 + (1.4828)(0.1)) 𝑓(0.55 , 1.358) = 2𝑥𝑦
2 2
= 2(0.55)( 1.358) = 1.494
𝒌𝟒 = 𝑓 (𝑥6 + ℎ , 𝑦6 + 𝑘3 ℎ) = 𝑓 (0.5 + 0.1 , 1 .284 + (1.494)(0.1)) = 𝑓(0.6 , 1.433)
= 2𝑥𝑦 = 2(0.6)(1.433) = 1.7196
1
𝑦5+1 = 𝑦6 + (𝑘 + 2𝑘2 + 2𝑘3 + 𝑘4 )ℎ
6 1
1
𝑦4+1 = 1.284 + (1.284 + 2(1.4828) + 2(1.494) + 1.7196)(0.1)
6
𝑦(0) = 1.43329