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This set of Machine Design Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on
“Buckling of Columns”.
1. Piston rod is an example of column.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Explanation: An slender machine component having its length considerable in proportion to its
width qualifies for a column criterion.
2. Bucking of column means
a) Lateral deflection
b) Axial deflection
c) Torsional deflection
d) None of the listed
Answer: d
Explanation: Buckling is characterised by lateral deflection but it is different from lateral
deflection as there is sudden lateral deflection in buckling unlike lateral deflection where there is
gradual deflection.
3. Slenderness ratio is [l= length of column and k= least radius of gyration of cross section about
its axis].
a) l/k
b) k/l
c) l/2k
d) k/2l
Answer: a
Explanation: It is a ratio of length to least radius of gyration.
4. Columns with what slenderness ratio are not designed with respect to buckling but are
designed for compressive stresses.
a) >1
b) <1
c) >30
d) <30
Answer: d
Explanation: When slenderness ratio is <30, there is no effect of buckling.
5. If slenderness ratio=45, which mode of failure will dominate?
a) Buckling
b) Compressive Stresses
c) Both buckling and compressive stress
d) Can’t be stated
Answer: a
Explanation: If slenderness ratio>30, column shall be more prone to buckling.
6. Short column and long column are classified on the basis of
a) Slenderness ratio
b) Diameter
c) Length
d) None of the listed
Answer: a
Explanation: Slenderness ratio takes into consideration length and radius of gyration and thus is
preferred.
7. Cast iron column with a slenderness ratio of 75 are
a) Short Columns
b) Long Columns
c) Very short columns
d) None of the listed
Answer: a
Explanation: Cast iron column with a slenderness ratio <80are short columns.
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8. Steel columns with a slenderness ratio of 95 are
a) Short Columns
b) Long columns
c) Very long columns
d) None of the listed
Answer: a
Explanation: Steel columns with slenderness ratio <100 are classified in short columns.
9. Which of the following are true for End fixity coefficient
a) Dimensionless number
b) Used in Euler’s equation
c) Provides condition of restraint at two ends
d) All of the listed
Answer: d
Explanation: It is a dimensionless number used in Euler’s equation to take into account the
restraints at the two ends.
10. Value of end fixity coefficient for both hands fixed is
a) 1
b) 4
c) 2
d) 0.25
Answer: b
Explanation: Lower the mobility higher is the end fixity component.
3) The ratio of effective length and least lateral dimension for short column is _______
a. > 12
b. < 12
c. ≥ 12
d. none of the above
Answer
ANSWER: < 12
4) In Euler's theory, long columns having the ratio of (Le /LLD) ≥ 12 fail due to _______
a. crushing
b. buckling
c. both a. and b.
d. none of the above
Answer
ANSWER: buckling
7) What is the relation between actual length and effective length while determining crippling load for a hollow
rectangular cast iron column having both ends fixed?
(where L= actual length and Le =effective length)
a. Le = L
b. Le = L/2
c. Le = 2L
d. Le = 4L
Answer
ANSWER: Le = L/2
8) While determining crippling load, the effective length of solid circular bar is 1/ √2 of actual length if, ______
a. both ends of solid circular bar are fixed
b. both ends of solid circular bar are hinged
c. one end is fixed and one is free
d. one end is fixed and other end is hinged
Answer
ANSWER: one end is fixed and other end is hinged
9) What is the safe load acting on a long column of 2 m having diameter of 40 mm. The column is fixed at both
and modulus of elasticity is 2 x 105 N/mm2? (F.O.S = 2)
a. 120 kN
b. 124 kN
c. 130 kN
d. 150 kN
Answer
ANSWER: 124 kN
10) If the effective length of a column is twice the actual length, then the column is ________
a. fixed at both the ends
b. hinged at both the ends
c. fixed at one end and free at the other end
d. fixed at one end and hinged at the other end
Answer
ANSWER: fixed at one end and free at the other end