PHILIPPINE LITERATURE UNDER SPANISH COLONIAL PERIOD

ORAL LITERATURE (SONGS, RELIGIOUS DRAMA)

SONGS -- A song is a composition for voice or voices, performed by singing.

 LERON LERON SINTA -- This song depicts humbleness. It’s the story of a man who tries to show
what he got to win the heart of his beloved one.
 SARUM BANGGI -- a Kundiman which means “one night” or “one evening” in Bicol. A kundiman
is a Filipino love song traditionally sung by a man wooing the woman of his dreams.

RELIGIOUS DRAMA - The religious drama, as setting forth events recorded in the Bible or moral lessons
to be drawn from religious teaching, is distinctively medieval in character, and in origin is closely
connected with the services of the Church.

 Panunuluyan (Tagalog for "asking for lodgings") is a Philippine Christmas dramatic ritual
narrating the Holy Family search for a place to stay in Bethlehem for Jesus Christs birth through
song.

DRAMA -- is the specific mode of fiction represented in performance.

 “Why Women Wash the Dishes” (Bakit Babae ang Naghuhugas ng Pingga) is a play that depicts a
betting game between couple whom either one would not like to wash the dishes. The play is
filled with humor and antiques.

WRITTEN LITERATURE (SHORT STORIES, POETRY)

POETRY -- is an imaginative awareness of experience expressed through meaning, sound, and rhythmic
language choices so as to evoke an emotional response.

 FLORANTE AT LAURA The story is about the love and determination of the Duke Florante and
the Princess Laura of Albania while being pursued by the usurper Count Adolfo.

SHORTSTORIES -- A short story is a brief work of literature, usually written in narrative prose. A classic
definition of a short story is that one should be able to read it in one sitting

 CONVICT’S TWILIGHT - The short story revolves around one thing –Freedom. Or more clearly, it
seeks to define what is freedom, and what sense it makes to those who are not free; slaved for
the atonement of their sins.

RIZAL AND HIS CONTEMPORARIES (JOSE RIZAL, MARCELO DEL PILAR, ANDRES BONIFACIO)

SELECTED WORKS OF JOSE RIZAL

 ULTIMO ADIOS -- A poem written by Philippine national hero Dr José Rizal on the eve of his
execution on 30 December 1896.This poem was one of the last notes he wrote before his death;
another that he had written was found in his shoe but because the text was illegible, its
contents remains a mystery.

SELECTED WORKS OF MARCELO H.DEL PILAR

  DASALAN AT TOCSOHAN - This is a satire on the friars hypocrisy, licentiousness and greed, which
consists of parodies of the Sign of the Cross, the Act of Contrition, the Lords Prayer, the Hail
Mary, and the catechism. Rizal considers this as a model of classical prose and an excellent
example of Tagalog humor, wit, and DASALAN AT TOCSOHAN

SELECTEDWORKS OF ANDRES BONIFACIO

 PAG-IBIG SA TINUBUANG LUPA – This poem which was first published in the Diariong Tagalog.
As the title indicates, the theme is directed to the Filipinos in order to arouse their spirit of
nationalism and self-dependence.

PHILIPPINE LITERATURE UNDER AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD

TAGALOG NOVEL -- A novel is along prose narrative that describes fictional characters and events in the
form of a sequential story, usually. A Tagalog novel is a novel written in,of course, Tagalog.

 BANAAG AT SIKAT is one of the first literary novels written by Filipino author Lope K. Santos in
the Tagalog language in 1906. As a book that was considered as the "Bible of working class
Filipinos", the pages of the novel revolves around the life of Delfin, his love for a daughter of a
rich landlord, while Lope K. Santos also discusses the social issues such as socialism, capitalism,
and the works of the united associations of laborers

ROMANTIC POETRY -- The dominant theme of Romantic poetry: the filtering of natural emotion through
the human mind in order to create art, coupled with an awareness of the duality created by such a
process.

 PAG-IBIG - José Corazón de Jesús , was a Filipino poet who used Tagalog poetry to express the
Filipinos desire for independence during the American occupation of the Philippines, a period
that lasted from 1901 to 1946.He is best known for being the lyricist of the Filipino song Bayan
Ko.

SHORT STORIES -- A short story is a brief work of literature, usually written in narrative prose. A classic
definition of a short story is that one should be able to read it in one sitting

 We Filipinos Are Mild Drinkers - This is a short story written by Alejandro Roces during his
freshman year in Arizona State University. He was well known for his humorous stories and whit
in writing. “We Filipinos are Mild Drinkers” is dated back to the 1940s.

Beginning of Philippine Literature in English Philippine literature in English By 1901, public education was
institutionalized in the Philippines, with English serving as the medium of instruction. That year around
600 educators in the S.S. Thomas to replace the soldiers who had been serving as the first teachers.

 "How My Brother Leon Brought Home a Wife" -- A story about an occasion that would be a big
day in the life of any family, the day one of the sons of the family brings hope the woman he
intends to marry. The story is told in the first person by Leons younger brother.