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1.

Lumineers
Porcelain veneers are thin, semi-translucent “shells” that are attached to the
front surfaces of your teeth. They are customized from porcelain material and
can be color-manipulated to give you the look you want. Using many porcelain
veneers can give you an entire smile makeover. This is a great alternative to
otherwise time-consuming dental procedures used to improve the appearance of
your smile.
Common problems that porcelain veneers can correct are:
• Spaces between the teeth
• Broken or chipped teeth
• Unsightly, stained or discolored teeth
• Permanently stained or discolored teeth
• Crooked or misshapen teeth
Porcelain veneers are a great esthetic solution to your smile that may even help
you avoid orthodontic treatment. Subtle changes to your smile can be achieved
with veneers, and in most cases, veneer application is completed in only two
office visits.
Please contact our office if you have any further questions about porcelain
veneers.

2.Veneers and laminates


In dentistry, a veneer is a layer of material placed over a tooth; veneers improve
the aesthetics of a smile and/or protect the tooth's surface from damage.
There are two main types of material used to fabricate a veneer:
1) composite and dental porcelain. A composite veneer may be directly placed (built-up
in the mouth), or indirectly fabricated by a dental technician in a dental lab, and later
bonded to the tooth, typically using a resin cement. Usually used for treatment of
adolescent patients who will require a more permanent design once they are fully grown.
Lifespan of composite veneer is approx. 4 years.[1]
2) In contrast, a porcelain veneer may only be indirectly fabricated. A full veneer crown is
described as "a restoration that covers all the coronal tooth surfaces (Mesial, Distal,
Facial, Lingual and Occlusal)"[citation needed]. Laminate veneer, on the other hand, is a thin
layer that covers only the surface of the tooth and generally used for aesthetic purposes.
These normally have better performance, aesthetics and are less plaque retentive.[1]
3. Crowns and Bridges
3.1. Crowns
A crown is a custom-made covering that fits over an original tooth that is
decayed, damaged or cracked. Crowns are made of a variety of different
materials, such as porcelain, gold, ceramic, acrylic resin or a mix of these
materials.
The treatment plan for a patient receiving a crown involves:
• Numbing the tooth to remove the decay in or around it.
• Re-sculpturing the tooth to provide an ideal fit for the crown.
• Making an impression of your teeth in order to create a custom-made
crown (usually takes two to three weeks).
• Making a temporary crown out of acrylic resin and fitting it onto the tooth
during the interim period when the custom-made crown is being created.
• Applying the custom-made crown (when received from the lab) by
removing the temporary crown and fitting the custom-made one onto the tooth.
• After ensuring that the crown has the proper look and fit, the dentist
cements it into place.
This process generally consists of a minimum of two to three visits. Once the
procedure is completed, proper dental hygiene, including daily brushing and
flossing, is required to maintain healthy, bacteria-free teeth, gums and crowns.
This helps in the prevention of gum disease. Given proper care, you can optimize
the longevity of your crowns.

3.2. Bridges
A bridge is a dental device that fills a space that a tooth previously occupied. A
bridge may be necessary to prevent:
• Shifting of the teeth that can lead to bite problems (occlusion) and/or jaw
problems and resultant periodontal disease.
• Bridges safeguard the integrity of existing teeth and help maintain a
healthy, vibrant smile.
There are three main types of bridges, namely:
• A fixed bridge is the most popular and consists of a filler tooth that is
attached to two crowns, which fit over the existing teeth and hold the bridge in
place.
• The “Maryland” bridge is commonly used to replace missing front teeth
and consists of a filler that is attached to metal bands that are bonded to the
abutment teeth. The metal bands consist of a white-colored composite resin that
matches existing tooth color.
• The cantilever bridge is often used when there are teeth on only one
side of the span. A typical three-unit cantilever bridge consists of two crowned
teeth positioned next to each other on the same side of the missing tooth space.
The filler tooth is then connected to the two crowned teeth, which extend into
the missing tooth space or end.

4. Dentures
Replacing your missing or damaged teeth will benefit not only your appearance,
but your overall health as well. Using state-of-the-art technology and updated
materials, dentures can now be custom-designed to look more natural and feel
more comfortable.
It may take some time to adjust to your dentures. Speaking and eating may feel
different at first, but these regular activities will resume normally once you are
accustomed to your dentures.

4.1. Removable Partial Dentures


Partial dentures are removable appliances that replace missing teeth by
attaching via a metal framework to your natural teeth. Partials are for patients
needing to replace a few missing teeth. These dentures can be used either on the
upper or lower arch. Partials should be handled with care, and should be cleaned
each day to remove food particles and plaque.

4.2. Complete Dentures


When a patient is missing all of his/her natural teeth, complete dentures are
used to restore function and appearance. For patients who experience lack of
stability and poor chewing function with dentures, dental implants may be used
to secure the dentures.
Complete dentures can replace the upper or lower jaw, or both.
• Upper dentures 
Upper dentures are held in place by a vacuum created
between your appliance and the palate of your mouth.
• Lower dentures
Lower dentures are horseshoe-shaped to
accommodate the tongue, and, due to lack of suction, are often held in place by
implants placed in the jaw for support.
Proper denture care is essential to the durability of your dentures and the
overall health of your mouth. Be sure to:
• Brush your dentures daily with a soft-bristled tooth brush. (Don’t forget
to brush your gums and tongue as well.)
• While not being worn, keep your dentures in denture solution and/or
water (not hot) to prevent warping.
• Handle with care and keep out of the reach of children and pets.
If your dentures become loose, chip, break or crack, please see our office

5. Implants
What are Dental Implants?
Dental implants are metal posts or frames that are surgically positioned into the jawbone beneath your
gums. Once in place, they allow your dentist to mount replacement teeth onto them.

How do Dental Implants Work?


Because implants fuse to your jawbone, they provide stable support for artificial teeth. Dentures and
bridges mounted to implants won't slip or shift in your mouth — an especially important benefit when
eating and speaking. This secure fit helps the dentures and bridges — as well as individual crowns
placed over implants — feel more natural than conventional bridges or dentures.

For some people, ordinary bridges and dentures are simply not comfortable or even possible, due to
sore spots, poor ridges or gagging. In addition, ordinary bridges must be attached to teeth on either side
of the space left by the missing tooth. An advantage of implants is that no adjacent teeth need to be
prepared or ground down to hold your new replacement tooth/teeth in place.

To receive implants, you need to have healthy gums and adequate bone to support the implant. You
must also commit to keeping these structures healthy. Meticulous oral hygiene and regular dental visits
are critical to the long-term success of dental implants.

Implants are usually more expensive than other methods of tooth replacement, and most insurance
carriers typically cover less than 10 percent of the fees.

The American Dental Association considers two types of implants to be safe. They are:

 Endosteal implants — these are surgically implanted directly into the jawbone. Once the surrounding gum
tissue has healed, a second surgery is needed to connect a post to the original implant. Finally, an artificial
tooth (or teeth) is attached to the post-individually, or grouped on a bridge or denture.

 Subperiosteal implants — these consist of a metal frame that is fitted onto the jawbone just below the
gum tissue. As the gums heal, the frame becomes fixed to the jawbone. Posts, which are attached to the
frame, protrude through the gums. As with endosteal implants, artificial teeth are then mounted to the
posts.
Posts are surgically Artificial teeth, grouped
placed below the gums. on a bridge, are mounted
to the posts.

Implants offer a very Implants serve as a base


stable and secure fit. for single replacement
teeth.

This article is intended to promote understanding of and knowledge about general oral health topics. It is
not intended to be a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice
of your dentist or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a
medical condition or treatment.

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