PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM

M.A.J. Vidallo
Makati Science High School

Exercises

1. A right triangle has a hypotenuse of 10 m and a perimeter of 22 m. In square meters, what is the
area of the triangle?

2. The lengths of two sides of an isosceles triangle are 10 centimeters and 12 centimeters. Find
the number of square centimeters in the positive difference between the greatest and least
possible areas for this triangle.

3. The perimeter of a right triangle is 60 inches and the length of the altitude to the hypotenuse is
12 inches. How many square inches are in the area of the triangle?

4. Given the areas of the three squares in the figure, what is the area of the interior triangle?

5. As shown in the figure, B  90 , AB = 3, BC = 4, CD = 13 and AD = 12. Find the area of the
quadrilateral ABCD.

6. Quadrilateral ABCD is a trapezoid, AD = 17, AB = 30, BC = 25, and the altitude is 15. Find the
area of the trapezoid.

30
A B

17 15 25

D C

Figure for # 4 Figure for # 5 Figure for # 6

7. The area of trapezoid ABCD is 318 cm2 . The altitude is 12 cm, AB is 13 cm and CD is 37 cm.
What is BC in centimeters?

8. Triangle ABC has sides AC, BC and AB measuring 18, 24 and 30 units, respectively. If D is the
midpoint of segment AB, what is the length of segment CD?

9. In right triangle EFH, G is between F and H. If EF = FG = 1 and EG = GH, find EH.

10. The perimeter of a right triangle is 12  8 3 . The sum of the squares of all three of its sides is
294. Find the area of this triangle.

11. A triangle has sides of lengths 14, 11, and 7. Find the length of the altitude of the triangle drawn
to the longest side. Express your answer in simplest radical form.
12. A square with area 4 is inscribed in a square with area 5, with one vertex of the smaller square on
each side of the larger square. A vertex of the smaller square divides a side of the larger square into
two segments, one of length a and the other of length b. What is the value of ab?

13. In the diagram, PQ = 10 and QR = x. Find x.

14. Each triangle is a 30°-60°-90° triangle, and the hypotenuse of one dangle is the longer leg of an
adjacent triangle. The hypotenuse of the largest triangle is 8 centimeters. What is the number of
centimeters in the length of the longer leg of the smallest triangle? Express your answer as a
common fraction.

15. A snail's shell is formed from six triangular sections, as shown. Each triangle has
interior angles of 30˚, 60˚ and 90˚. If AB has a length of 1 cm, what is the length of AH, in cm?

Figure for # 13 Figure for # 14 Figure for # 15

16. In the diagram, EAD  90 , ACD  90 , and ABC  90 . Also, ED = 13, EA = 12,
DC = 4 and CB = 2. Determine the length of AB.

17. In the diagram, R is on QS and QR = 8. Also, PR = 12, PQR  120 and RPS  90 . What
is the area of QPS ?

18. Parallelogram ABCD is made up of four equilateral triangles of side length 1. What is length of
diagonal AC?

Figure for # 16 Figure for # 17 Figure for # 18

19. A square is cut along a diagonal and reassembled to form the parallelogram PQRS as shown in
the diagram. If PR = 90 mm, what is the area of the original square in mm2 ?

20. In the diagram, AB = 13 cm, DC = 20 cm and AD = 5 cm. Find the length of AC in

centimeters.
21. In the diagram, ABCD is a rectangle and point E lies on AB. Triangle DEC has DEC  90 ,
DE = 3 and EC = 4. What is the length of AD?

Figure for # 19 Figure for # 20 Figure for # 21

22. Triangle ABC is right-angled with AB = 10 and AC = 8. If BC = 3DC, what is AD?

23. In the diagram, H is on side BC of ABC so that AH is perpendicular to BC. Also, AB = 10,
AH = 8, and the area of ABC is 84. Determine the perimeter of ABC .

24. In rectangle ABCD, F is on diagonal BD so that AF is perpendicular to BD. Also, BC = 30,

CD = 40 and AF = x. Determine the value of x.

Figure for # 22 Figure for # 23 Figure for # 24

25. Q is the point of intersection of the diagonals of one face of a cube whose edges have length 2
units. What is the length of QR?

26. The rectangle ABCD has the two sides AD and BC of length 21. Point F is on side BC, and
point E is on side CD. Moreover, AB = AE, CE = CF and FB = FE. What is AB?

27. The sides of a right triangle have lengths x  y, x and x  y where x  y  0. What is the ratio
of x to y?

28. A right triangle with integer side lengths a, b, and c satisfies a  b  c and a  c  49. What is the
area of the right triangle?

29. Let ABCD be a rectangle and let P be a point inside the rectangle. If PA = 8, PB = 4 and
PD = 7, find PC.

30. Let O be a point inside the square ABCD such that its distances to the vertices are OA = 10,
OB = 9, OC = 5 and OD = x. What is the value of x?
31. In the diagram, ABCD is rectangle with AB = 12 and BC = G is formed by rotating ABCD
about A through an angle of 30˚. What is the area of the shaded region?

Figure for # 25 Figure for # 29 Figure for # 31

32. Let two 8 x 12 rectangles share a common corner and overlap. The distance from the bottom
right corner of one rectangle to the intersection point along the right edge of that rectangle is 7.
What is the area of the shaded region?

33. The area of square ABCD is 256. Point F is on AD. Point E is on the extension of AB. The area
of right triangle CEF is 200. Find the value of BE.

34. E is a point on the side BC of a rectangle ABCD such that if a fold is made along AE, as shown
in the diagram below, the vertex B coincides with a point F on the side CD. If AD = 16 cm and
BE = 10 cm, what is the length of AE, in cm ?

Figure for # 32 Figure for # 33 Figure for # 34

35. A 4 by 6 inch paper is folded so that its upper right corner touches the midpoint of an opposite
side and such that the fold obtained is the longer one. Find the length of the fold.

References:
13TH Philippine Mathematical Olympiad
2015 - 2016 Mathematical Challenges for Filipino Kids Training Program
Cayley, Fermat and Euclid Contests, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
University of South Carolina High School Math Contests