CONTROL GEARS

a general term for covering switching devices

and their combination with associated control,  A motor control center (MCC) is an
measuring, protective and regulating assembly of one or more enclosed
equipment. sections having a common power bus and
Parts of a Control Gear principally containing motor control units.

 Ballast - is a device intended to limit the  A physical grouping of combination starts

amount of current in an electric circuit. which contains:
 Power Factor Correction Capacitor - A • Motor starter
properly sized capacitor will offset most
of the lagging current of a motor and
• Fuses or Circuit breaker
raise its power factor to about 95%. • Device for disconnecting

 Starter- an electric motor, pneumatic

•
power
Other devices (such as push
motor, hydraulic motor, or other device
for rotating an internal-combustion buttons and indicator
engine so as to initiate the engine's lights)
operation under its own power.
Design Standards

 Transistor- is a semiconductor
 Underwriters Laboratories (UL)

device used to amplify and switch  National Electrical Manufacturers

electronic signals and electrical power. Association (NEMA)

 Valve - a device for controlling the

 National Fire Protection Association
(NFPA)
passage of fluid through a pipe or duct,
esp. an automatic device allowing  American National Standards Institute
movement in one direction only. (ANSI)
Difference between a Control Gear from a  Institute of Electrical and Electronic
switch Gear: Engineers (IEEE)
• Switch gear means a device controls the flow
of currents by  International Electrotechnical
means of mechanical disconnection of Commission (IEC)
conducting path, where
as control gear control this mechanical device Motor Control Centers (accdg to NEMA)
which use to
interrupt the flow of current through the  Are floor-mounted assemblies
circuit.  Have one or more enclosed vertical
sections
Motor Control Center (MCC)
 Have a common horizontal power bus
Introduction  May incorporate vertical buses connected
 Motor control centers have been used to the common bus
since 1950 by the automobile  Principally contain combination motor
manufacturing industry which used large control units
numbers of electric motors.
Vertical Sections
NEMA Enclosure types
 NEMA defines an enclosure as a
surrounding case constructed to provide a
degree of protection to personnel against
incidental contact with the enclosed
equipment and to provide a degree of
protection to the enclosed equipment
against specified environmental
conditions (NEMA Standard 250 –
section2, definitions)
Type 1 Enclosure
Main Disconnect Device
 Main disconnect switch such as a circuit
breaker or fusible disconnect, is used, the
disconnect is mounted in its own unit.
Horizontal and Vertical Bus
 Bus = conductor that serves as a common
connection for two or more circuits. It is
represented by a straight line with a
number of connections made to it.
NEMA Phase Arrangement

 Type 1 Gasket Front

 Type 2, Dip-Proof, Indoor

Combination Motor Control Units


Motor control centers are distinguished
from other distribution devices, such as
Type 12 Enclosure panelboards and switchboards, in that
motor control centers principally contain
Type 3R Enclosure combination motor control units.

Motor Control Center (MCC)

IEC Enclosure Types
 Definite Purpose (DP) contactors

- Designed for specific application

- Operating condition must be considered:

MCC Voltage Rating

- 1. Full load current

 MCC overall rating = 600 volts

- 2. Locked rotor current
- 3. Non-inductive current
Main Lugs - 4. Number of poles
When using main lugs, the amount of
vertical space required varies with the - 5. Duty cycle
amperage rating and the bus bracing. - 6. Total number of expected
operations
 Well suited applications for DP  Consequent-Pole Motors
contactors:
- Have windings with a tap for
• Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning re-connection to vary the number of poles.
(HVAC)
• Farm Equipment and Irrigation
• Environmental Control Systems
• Office Equipment
 Reversing Starters
• Pool and Spa Controls
• Welding Equipment  Class 22 Reversing Starters
• Medical Equipment  Class 43 Reversing Contactors
• Food-Service Equipment
 3RA13 Reversing Contactors

 Class 14 NEMA Starters

 Reduced-Voltage Starting
 NEMA Starter with Bimetallic
Overload Relays 1. Autotransformer Starters
 NEMA Starter with ESP100 2. Part-Winding Starters
Overload Relays 3. Wye-Delta Starters
4. Primary Resistance Starter
5. Class 36 & 37 Reduced-Voltage Starters
 NEMA Starter with Bimetallic Overload
Relays
 Reduced-Voltage Starting

 NEMA Starters with ESP100 Overload

Relays - A motor at less than its full voltage
rating.

 Sirius Type 3R Starters - Use to limit the starting current

and staring torque
 Spring-Loaded Terminals
 Overload Relays
 Autotransformer Starters
 Part-Winding Starters
 Spring-Loaded Terminals  Wye-Delta Starters
 Primary Resistance Starter
 Overload Relays
 Class 36 & 37 Reduced-Voltage Starters

 Multi Speed Starters

 Separate-Winding Motors
 Consequent-Pole Motors

 Separate-Winding Motors