Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
self-x
network planning
alarm and performance monitoring eNB
self-x
high level performance tuning self-x
RAN self-
optimization
eNB eNB
configuration management
l1
5
Update/fine tuning based on handover optimisation 3
4
70
HO Drop [%]
1000
900 60
800 50
700
600 40
500
400 30
300 20
200
100 10
0
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6
No. of UEs Per Cell No. of UEs Per Cell
P
Frequency Pattern
a. Mobile is scheduled to sub-band 3 green cell
with negligible interference from
orange cell Pfull
b. Mobile is scheduled to sub-band 2, a
where orange cell radiates with
f
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
lowered power b
a
c. Mobile is handovered
from green cell to orange cell b
c
d c
d. Mobile is scheduled to sub-band 4,
where green cell radiates with
lowered power Frequency Pattern
P
orange cell
e. Mobile is scheduled to sub-band 3 e e d
with negligible interference from
Pfull
cell 1
f
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Motivation
• Bell Labs ICIC approach requires frequency planning
But frequency planning is OPEX consuming
• Provide a self-organizing solution
for cell (sub-)frequency (‘colour’) assignment
Challenges and Bell Labs Solutions
• Known mathematical approaches are only centralized ...
Fully distributed colouring algorithm inside each eNB
• ... and require much too much computation effort for real networks
Efficient solution inside restricted areas by a novel successive algorithm
• Existing approaches are not adapted to the radio networks
KPI for algorithm based on Interferences and n-tier neighbours
Best suited colour solution found – also when a perfect one does not exist
• Decentralized systems can be susceptible to ‘instabilities’
Advanced mechanisms to detect and resolve oscillation effects
Advanced functionality to avoid “a moving wave of changes through the network”
Radio problem
Hyst(dB) detection
Each cell monitors the HO problems occurring due to its own parameters or due to
specific neighbor’s parameters
To avoid drive tests run specially for the detection of such problems
Normalized HO Rate
upon the UE speed 25
20
15
10
5
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BLER [% ]
algorithm design
automatic measurement
tool and expert based
decentralized:
configuration,
continuous,
from OAM expert data evaluation
centralized:
to manufacturer ⇒
offline,
parameter adaptation
parameter adaptation
Challenges:
complex optimization problem:
collaborative (w.r.t cells and sites) and predictive optimization required
interdependency with other self-x/SON optimization targets
(e.g. HO optimization, load balancing)
spatially resolved detection based on UE measurements required:
areas with insufficient coverage / low SINR / high interference
areas with high traffic (hot zones)
limitations/constraints regarding UE based measurements:
accuracy, range and availability (radio link based and positioning data)
statistical nature
adaptation to network dynamics
mid and long term changes in traffic load/distribution, interference,
neighbor relations
coverage
problems
Optimisation goals:
optimize CDF especially for low geometry values
view: cell global
- 3dB Problem of 3-sectorised base stations with re-use 1:
locations where 3 sectors have almost the same signal strength
local problem, put in areas of very low user density
discrete coverage hole:
local geometry optimization problem with high relevance
user density/ load:
conditional probability distributions can be employed:
e.g. exclude locations w/o users, there is no need to provide coverage at all
optimize geometry in high traffic zones
HO Rate [1/s]
0,14 TTTH=0.150 sec
0,12
– no scrambling gain 0,1
0,08
0,06
– lower limit for usable SINR range 0,04
0,02
0
– especially critical: HO command 0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4 4,5 5
BLER [% ]
HO Rate [1/s]
0,14 TTTH=0.150 sec
no cell overlap SINR problem 0,12
0,1
0,08
– e.g. hierarchical cell structures 0,06
0,04
0,02
– to be considered: UE velocity vs. cell size, 0
QoS requirements (e.g. GBR, NGBR) 0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4 4,5 5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
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