Marine Life Exposition and Research Center PDF

PROPOSED DONSOL MARINE LIFE EXPOSITION AND RESEARCH CENTER 2009-2010
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
A. INTRODUCTION
Today, environmental protection has been a loud clamor by various organizations, be it governmental or non-governmental entities around the globe.
As a matter of fact, various inter-government or interstate treaties or pacts to protect the ecosystems are commonly a usual matter. Aside from that,
cooperation between business sectors, environmentalist groups and other ethnic groups around the globe in favor of the protection of nature against
manmade aggressions is a usual subject matter of various news organization entities (Lopez, 2004). At this point in time, wherein people are already aware of
the looming effect of environmental and ecosystem destruction, the issue on conceptualizing physical development in support the quest of mankind to battle
this problem is almost one of the prime priorities of various states around the world.
One of the main issues in the protection of ecosystem is the preservation of various species in different types of ecosystems. It has been the goal of
the conservationists to create and expand upon ways to preserve endangered species and maintain biodiversity (Wilcove and Master, 2008). It is a common
belief that a each organism in an ecosystem are interrelated with each other and the loss of one, is the failure of all ecosystem (loss of ecological balance). In
relation to this, it is a fact that ―diversity of life and living systems are a necessary condition for human development‖ (Ishwaran and Erdelen, 2006)
considering that conglomeration of ecosystems is where men live. Thus, saving African elephant in Namibia and other Central African Countries, saving the
Bear in North Pole, keeping the presence of Tiger in Southeast Asia, protecting the Panda of China or protecting the Butanding in our country are tantamount
in saving human environment (Ramos, 2007).
DEL ROSARIO, BARREN PAUL S. 1

One of the ways in preserving the endangered species of animals, which other countries usually do, is to have a specific base, wherein a center
dedicated to the particular animal is being maintained either by private (local or international) organization or by the state itself. This is what China is doing
with their Panda; Namibia in their elephants; Russia in their Siberian tiger, Indonesia with their Rhino, and United Kingdom (Scotland) with their deer. These
countries; upon establishing centers for endangered animals was able to positively increase the animal populations and at the same time establishing a new
tourism destination which stimulate the local economy within the periphery of the edifice. This pave way to the development of eco-tourism which is also a
way of to measure the ―environmental advocacy‖ aspect of saving the endangered animals and its ecosystems.
In our country, having one of the most diverse ecosystem in the world; the government although being criticized is laying all its best to come up with
in genuine approaches in addressing environmental problem, specifically the need for protection of endangered species of animals aside from maximizing its
socio-economic and eco-tourism opportunities. As a matter of fact the government is looking into some programs by a number of local government and non-
governmental units in their attempt to increase the population of endangered animals thought its research centers to define the possible strategies which
could be utilized in a macro scale to protect and save other rare and endangered animals. Some of the successful centers which the government is looking into
is the Crocodile Farm in Palawan, Manila Ocean Park, Tarsier Center in Bohol and Philippine Eagle Center in Davao. Similar to other countries, it has been an
observation that the socio-economic and eco-tourism growth which is being brought by establishment of conservation centers. According to Castaneda (2008)
the significance and importance of coastal and marine resources in an archipelagic nation like the Philippines cannot be over emphasized. The coastal and
marine resources- composed of the ecosystems like mangrove forests, coral reefs, seagrass beds, sand beaches, beach forests and shallow marine areas-
provide shelter, habitat, feeding, spawning and nursery grounds for various edible and commercially important marine organisms. Castaneda (2008) further

emphasized that these [natural wonders] are also important venues for a fast burgeoning tourist industry- drawing thousands if not millions of foreign tourists
to enjoy the beaches and experience the thrill of scuba diving in the lush coral reefs.
The experience of Donsol on the other hand is ―completely a reverse paradigm‖ (Castro, 2008) of what other places had experience. Despite of the
absence of conservation and research facilities that will constantly monitor the Butanding which visit the place for six to eight months in a year, local and
international tourists flocked the area, which in return stimulated the simple economy of the place. However, the absence of research facilities signifies
looming problems which may pose danger to the Butanding. Aside from that, the poor situation of physical facilities to cater the local and international tourists
is a sign of inferior utilization of tourism potential. ―If Donsol have [complete amenities], how much stimulation would it positively bring to its economy(Castro,
2008)?
This proposed Donsol Marine Life Exposition and Research Center was conceptualized as a way of proposing a possible way of addressing complex
socio-economic and environmental issues in the said specific part of Bicol Region.
B. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The Philippines is an archipelago of 7,100 islands with only 300,000 square kilometers of land inhabited by some 80 million people. What is unique
about the Philippines is its 220 million hectares of territorial seas that contain most biologically rich marine life in the world – Sulawesi Marine Triangle. What is
fantastic about the Philippines is that it is the richest store of fish, corals, and other marine life in the world. Today, however, the Philippine environment is in a
critical state. One of the most endangered creatures that are in challenge is the whale sharks of Donsol in Sorsogon (Camacho, 2008).

Donsol, is one of the country‘s top three ecotourism sites and it‘s Butanding interaction was declared as ―Best animal encounter in Asia‖ by Time
Magazine in 2004 (Aguilar 2008). Figure showing Butanding interaction is shown on figure 1. It was further stated by Aguilar (2008) that Donsol was used to
be a fifth class municipality but through the tourism brought by Butanding interaction, it became now a third class municipality and the town was known
internationally.
Source: photos by Ruel Pine, AG Sano, Jurgen Freud (www.wwf.org.ph)
Figure 1. Whaleshark interaction in Donsol, Sorsogon.
Durano (2007) said that the municipality of Donsol even though they have only about 40,000 people has a chance of becoming a first class municipality
through sustainable ecotourism. Durano (2008), in support to Aguilar stated the Department of Tourism along with World Wildlife Fund (WWF) should work

hand-in-hand to be able to sustain the ecotourism of Donsol while protecting the habitat of whale sharks. In the 2002 to 2005 data published by WWF in
2007, tourist arrivals posted a staggering average rate of increase of 110% annually (see figure 2).Figure 2 further shows that the number of foreign visitors
in Donsol increased at annual rate of 43%.
Source: World Wildlife Fund
Figure 2. Visitors arrival in Donsol
WWF further disclosed that the phenomenal increase of arrivals reflects on the revenues generated by the industry; and the combined revenues collected by
the local government are from taxes and the direct service providers which almost accumulated to more than PhP4.5 million as show on figure 3. The WWF
further acknowledged the whale shark ecotourism contributed an estimate of PhP35 million to the Philippine economy in 2005.

Figure 3. Revenues from Donsol Whale shark Interaction
The figure presented by WWF may be awesome to the people of Donsol who are still amazed with the sudden growth of tourism industry. What the
people doesn‘t know is that in other countries, revenues which were brought by whale shark interaction is far beyond the amount that Donsol is enjoying
despite the much more shorter stay of whale sharks. As a matter of fact, the revenues of the whale shark tourism earnings of Ningaloo Reef in Australia, and
Gladden Spit Marine Reserves in Belize. Ningaloo generated $7.8 million for a two-month season while Belize made $1.35 million from the gentle giants in just
six weeks. Let it be highlighted that Donsol‘s revenue is only approximately $0.10 million for a six to eight months Butanding season. In one of the

declarations of Mr. Pine of WWF (2005), the visitors only come to Donsol to experience a face to face encounter with Butanding and nothing else. Then these
visitors will just only stay for one day and go back to Legazpi City where it is 50 kilometers away from Donsol just to have better hotel accommodation and
enjoy other recreational facilities.
Donsol being a haven of planktonic organism and good seawater quality attracted the Butanding to stay from November to June yearly. David (2008)
emphasized that the WWF recorded 114 whale sharks roaming around to the seawaters of Donsol and been identify through photo identification technology.
However, the absence of comprehensive facilities that will help in the local government of Donsol to facilitate awareness on the importance of having a well-
maintained ecosystem is confronting to the existence of Butanding in the waters of Donsol in perpetuity. The absence of efficient and modern holding and
control area for Butanding tourism is also challenging the existence of the creature considering that uncontrolled and ―disoriented‖ visitors may in the long run
pose danger to the whale sharks aside from the fact that the absence of such facilities is not maximizing the economic possibilities which is brought by the
world renowned Butanding. The issue and the need of the establishment of Research facilities that will study the behavior and character of the whale shark
and will harbor ailing or injured Butanding were also being highlighted. This matter was brought to light when a couple of 10-meter long Butanding which was
injured after accidentally trapped in fishnets were slaughtered by local folks in the nearby town (as shown in figure 4). If there were facilities which will serve
as temporary facilities to take care of injured whale sharks the incident could have been prevented. Also, the presence of research facilities may as well pave
way for the possible captive breeding studies that will serve as a preventive, although hopeless measure against extinction may be done. Furthermore,
alternative facilities that will serve as a continual tourist attraction during lean months or during times where Butanding is not around is a thing to consider to
ensure continuous source of livelihood of the locals.

Lastly, few people know that aside from Butanding, Donsol has also rich marine life. Its body of water is home to various marine animals such as
dolphins, sharks, dugong, turtles and many more. This may be capitalized as another tourism possibilities of the place and may as well be given due
consideration in the environmental advocacy of the local government.
Source: photos by Ruel Pine, AG Sano, Jurgen Freud (www.wwf.org.ph)
Figure 4. A slaughtered whaleshark in the nearby town of Donsol.
This proposed study is being brought to light as an alternative solution to various issues that the eco-tourism as well as environmental needs of the
Municipality of Donsol.

C. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
This study is anchored to the thrust of the national government to protect the environment specifically the endangered species of animals and its
habitat or ecosystem. With this as the referential issue, the Proposed Marine Life Exposition and Research Center is being proposed to come-up with a
multipart architectural program that will cater the needed facilities of the Municipality of Donsol in reference to the thriving world-renowned tourism industry
and the call for conservation of the marine ecosystem of the place.
To achieve this main goal, this will aim to satisfy the following architectural objectives:
1. To be able to determine a rational site for the proposed Donsol Marine Life Exposition and Research Center.
2. To be able to determine a space program for the proposed Donsol Marine Life Exposition and Research Center in reference to the issues and
concern within the milieu of Butanding eco-tourism.
3. To determine the most appropriate architectural form suited for the proposed project and identify the most philosophical architectural finishes that
will enhance the vernacularism to assure an environmental friendly structure.
4. To determine the other amenities and utility system concepts that will suggest sustainable facility and support the operation of the proposed
project.
D. SCOPE AND DELIMITATION
The primary output of this study is an architectural design program or plan including site development which would be supported or enriched with
structural system, utility systems, and general material concepts. The preparation of the architectural design program shall be composed of space

programming, study of form and site development plan. Space Programming, Study of form and site development shall be validated by Project Review
Residual Data Cross Checking (PRRDC); Industry Review Data Matching; and most importantly with Implied Information Method (IIM). Site Selection which
will be utilizing the Centroid Establishment Method (CES) would also be a major phases of this study.
Since the study would only be conducted in barely one year; market study, socio-economic study, income generation study and financial study would
be limited to abstract or conceptual presentation while determination of project cost shall be limited to ―per area‖ factored estimate. Furthermore, presentation
of construction system, detailed estimates and specification writing would no longer form part of this study.
E. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This proposed research facility and exposition center would be in potential usefulness for various audiences. First, the study may advance the
knowledge in the applicable field of study whether it could revise or enhance knowledge. Secondly, this study may also contribute to the solution of a practical
problem experienced by the educator. Lastly, this is also a part of programmatic research effort. When the results of the study are related to other study, this
may serve as theoretical and practical applications.
The proposed Donsol Marine Ecology Exposition and Research Center would be in great significant to the following:
1. Future researchers – this may serve as a basis for design programming of similar or related project. This may as well suggest new approach as
it will be a combination of various entwined design processes as it will tackle different types of buildings or amenities.

2. Environmentalist – this study may serve as a potential reference for program conceptualization specifically in terms of physical facility management
of other conservation projects.
3. Tourism sectors – this study will shed light as a guide for tourism management through physical development.
4. Researchers – this will be a an opportunity to the researcher to gain further knowledge in applying his acquired knowledge in the five-year study of
BS Architecture. This will further give opportunity to the researcher to participate in the process of determining in genuine solutions to some timely
social issues.
F. OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS
1. Marine ecology - is the branch of ecology dealing with the interdependence of all organisms living in the ocean, in shallow coastal waters, and on the
seashore. This particular branch of ecology would be given attention in the process of literature review in this particular study as a basis of space
programming and study of form.
2. Marine conservation - also known as marine resources conservation, is the protection and preservation of ecosystems in oceans and seas. Marine
conservation focuses on limiting human-caused damage to marine ecosystems, and on restoring damaged marine ecosystems. Let it be noted that, this
study is anchored on marine conservation, thus; its principles may be considered in the aspect of space planning, material specifications as well as site
development phases of this study.

3. Butanding or Whale Shark - Rhincodon typus, is a slow moving filter feeding shark that is the largest living fish species. It can grow up to 15-20
m (40 ft) in length and can weigh up to 13.6 tonnes (15 short tons). This particular species shall be the main motivation of the study. Its physiological
character shall be taken into consideration in the process of studying the building forms for the proposed project.
5. Centroid Establishment System - an approach of macro-site selection that will be used in this study wherein various hubs of discipline that will
be catered by the study shall be mapped to determine the biggest concentration in terms of diversity; the biggest concentration shall serve as the base
ground of selecting the specific site.
6. Space Programming - A systematic approach in the process of identifying the needed space in this study. This includes space sizing and
quantification.
7. Architectural Design - is the activity of designing and constructing buildings and other physical structures by a person or a machine, primarily to
provide shelter.
8. Site Selection - a process of enterprise development wherein an individual or team goes into the field to find and/or evaluate a place for
expansion, relocation or new venture startup; a site selector's work; the term standardized in the US to describe work done to find a location.
9. Site inventory – completed as a preparatory step to site planning, a form of urban planning which involves research, analysis, and synthesis which
will be part of this study. It primarily deals with basic data as it relates to a specific site (Gilpin, 1972).
10. Site development plan – a review provisions and regulations are intended to promote the safe, functional and aesthetic development of property
and to ensure that new structures, utilities, streets, parking, circulation systems, yards and open spaces are developed in conformance with the
standards of the law. This particular matter would form part of the major phases of the study.

11. Building Laws - Regulations established by a local government describing the minimum structural requirements for buildings. Specifications involve
the foundation, roofing, plumbing, electrical, and other matters of safety and sanitation (Baltimore, 1997) which will be reviewed and reconciled in the
process of achieving the output of this study.
12. Project Review Residual Data Cross Checking – a method specialized by DG Architects LTD which will be used in this study by means of
presenting a tabulated result of space quantitative analysis and/ or sizing and the preliminary plans to cross check the veracity of the initial solution.
13. Industry Review Data Matching- a method specialized by DG Architects, LTD. SA which is being used in the process of space programming
wherein highlights from the related industries wherein the research study evolved. This particular method would be used in the process of determining the
industry space sizing requirements which is of great significance to this study.
14. Implied Information Method - this method which will be used in the process of validating the site criterion as well as the method of form
conceptualization in this study.
G. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATION
1. BFAR – Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources
2. NBC – National Building Code
3. DENR – Department of Environment and Natural Resources
4. DA – Department of Agriculture
5. LGU - Local Government Unit

6. WWF – World Wildlife Fund
7. DOT – Department of Tourism
8. PRRDCC - Project Review Residual Data Cross Checking
9. IRDM - Industry Review Data Matching
10. IIM - Implied Information Method
H. CONCEPT PARADIGM
The paradigm of the study describes the overall approach of the research process. The conceptual basis of the study includes related literature, study,
and projects that would be gathered through actual visit, consultation to the designing architect (s) and through library research; data from different
government and non-government agencies like DENR and WWF; Building laws including environmental laws that would be gathered to reference books;
Statistics and profile of Municipality of Donsol including its tourism data; and Architectural design principles that would be gathered through different
architectural design references. These important inputs would be a basis for the preparation of the process of site selection, space programming, study of
form, site development, utility system conceptualization and material identification to be able to come up with a Proposed Donsol Marine Life Exposition and
Research Center. The paradigm of the study is presented in Figure 5.

SITE SELECTION
- RELATED LITERATURE/STUDIES/PROJECTS - CENTROID ESTABLISHMENT
SYSTEM
- DENR AND WWF DATA ON MARINE ECOLOGY - SITE CRITERION
OF DONSOL DETERMINATION
PROPOSED SITE
- BUILDING LAWS INCLUDING ENVIRONMENTAL
LAWS
- DONSOL TOURISM DATA
- DONSOL MUNICIPAL PROFILE EVALUATION
- ARCHITECTURAL PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

(DESIGNING RECREATIONAL, INSTITUTIONAL
AND EDUCATIONAL COMPLEX)
- SPACE PROGRAMMING PROPOSED

- STUDY OF FORM DONSOL MARINE LIFE
- SITE DEVELOPMENT EXPOSITION AND
- UTILITY SYSTEM CONCEPTUALIZATION RESEARCH CENTER
- MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION
Figure 5. Paradigm of the study

CHAPTER 2
RELATED STUDIES AND LITERATURE
A. Related Literature
This portion shall present various related literature that will convey sets of information that are relevant and significant to the process of fulfilling the
objectives of this study. This review shall directly relate gathered information to the concept, methodology, and processes in aiming to realize the desired
output.
1. Building Laws
Presented in this part are significant laws that will set various design standards in the proposed Donsol Marine Life Exposition and Research
Center. Highlights, influence and significance of these building laws including local ordinances to the processes and methodologies in trying to achieve the
main objectives of this study shall be directly be disclosed as the outcome of the review are being presented or disclosed.
a. National Building Code of the Philippines (Presidential Decree No. 1096)
The National Building Code of the Philippines provides the standard requirements in planning the proposed exposition and research
center. It shall be the overall basis of this study in the process of space programming, study of form, site development and utility system
conceptualization particularly in the aspects of space sizing, circulation, air volume, ventilation requirements, setbacks, open spaces, road
networks, service areas, building height, and others.

b. Fire Code of the Philippines (Presidential Decree No. 1185)
The Fire Code of the Philippines provides the standard requirements to prevent and avoid the possible damages to a structure due to
fire. The provisions of this law shall be strictly followed to ensure the safety of the occupants and the structure itself. This code will be the basis
of the project in providing appropriate fire preventive measures, fire emergency spaces, and fire accident control utility systems.
c. Accessibility Law (Batas Pambansa Bilang 344)
The B.P.344 or Accessibility Law was created to provide the minimum standards in design planning in respect to the disabled and
elderly. Since the project was partly recreational, this law is important to provide comfort and safety to the tourist. The law provides provision
and minimum standards in each different aspect that pertains to the comfort of the occupants. This law would be considered and set as a basis
in planning and designing the proposed project.
d. Related Regulations from Department of Environmental and Natural Resources (DENR)
Since this project is concern to the eco-tourism of local government, this project will also consider the different laws concern to the
environment. These laws will help the project to satisfy an environmental friendly development. This laws includes the Water Code of 1976 or
P.D. 1067, Philippine Environmental Code and Policy of 1977 (P.D. 1151 and 1152), and National Protected Areas System (NIPAS) Act or R.A.
7586 which concerns to the protection of natural waters; Code on Sanitation of the Philippines (P.D. 856), Ecological Solid Waste Management
Act of 2000 (R.A. 9003) which concerns to proper sewage disposal; Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act (R.A. 9147), Animal

Welfare Act of 1998 (R.A. 8485) which concerns to the protection of animals. These laws will be set as a guide to determine the appropriate
architectural design for the project.
e. Plumbing Code of the Philippines or R.A. 1378
Plumbing Code of the Philippines provides the minimum requirements in architectural that would provide sufficient water supply and
proper planning of sewer lines. The provisions under it will influence and will set a standard for the propose project. It stated the standard
requirements for plumbing facilities that would be a consideration in this project.
f. Local Ordinances
Local Ordinances of the Municipality of Donsol provides various sets of information which may influence the space programming
specifically space definition, quantification and sizing. Ordinance No. 99-001 which created the Municipal Tourism Council (MTC) which dictates
the function and operational strategies of the said created office suggests architectural rejoinder in during space programming and even site
selection. Ordinance 98-001 which declares ban on whaling within the waters of Donsol mandates safeguarding of Butanding and regular
monitoring its habitat serve as a consideration in the planning of facilities in this study. Other legislative resolutions which declares Butanding
Season, and empowers the LGU to operate and manage the community-based eco-tourism projects and activities set conditions in some aspects
of space planning.
2. Research Center
In the study of Cervantes (1999) research center was defined as a simple or complex facilities that deals with investigation, observation,
experimentation in relation to a certain matter, incident or phenomenon as a way of discovering theory, new ideas and facts. Cervantes (1999) further

explained that research center primarily focus on a certain or group of areas and thus, the architectural principles in designing in this type of facility is
diverse. However, Cervantes (1999) emphasized that the space program of a research center is primarily based on the fundamentals scientific
processes which include definition of problem, gathering of data, experimentation, observation, conclusion and recommendation.
In the study of Guadamor (2000), the idea of Cervantes was directly supported by the concept that the main spaces of a research center (in
generic sense) are library or data bank, observation room, experimentation room, documentation area and research paper presentation or discussion
room(s). These areas according to Guadamor (2000) is a parallel rejoinder to the basics of scientific processes. Guadamor further explained that
research center should have efficient specimen handling spaces, storage of raw materials, and storage of equipment, pre-experimentation spaces,
archives, and researchers‘ quarters aside from well juxtaposed utility systems.
3. Exposition Center
Exposition Center is a facility intended for permanent and/or temporary large-scale exhibition of products, systems, series of events, and others
for the purpose of supporting an advocacy, strengthening a certain industry, promoting a product or simply displaying sets of materials about a certain
thing (Barrios, 2005). In terms of space planning, the principle of designing this facility is parallel to the space program of a trade center. Only that, an
exposition center should consider a much longer exhibition duration if not permanent; well-defined exhibition objectives; consistent architectural form
to matter that is being exposed (unlike trade centers which form should be generic to cater the variances of matters being exhibited); and the space
program normally supported by educational and informational facilities such as library, audio visual or presentation rooms, museum and others
(Barrios, 2005).

In the study of Alarcon (2005), it was highlighted that facilities like exposition center should have an efficient storage area that is usually
50% of the total exhibition hall (only for display materials). It was further explained by Alarcon (2005) that the juxtaposition is reflective of the
process of delivering exhibition service and of operational management of the center.
4. Recreational Center
Recreation center is being provided in a certain locality to provide rest and relaxation in the form of lodging; outdoor recreation such as
fishing, boating, hunting, swimming and the like; sports activities such as biking, basketball, playing board games; social recreation such as
videoke, lounging, and others; and even simple indoor recreations such as reading, knitting, baking and others (Amstead, 1999). Amenities of a
recreation center may vary on the locality, culture of the people, geographical condition and even climate of the place where recreation center
would be constructed. For, seaside recreation center, facilities such as boating, surfing, white sea water rafting, yachting, rowing, and similar
amenities may be provided aside from the usual beach recreation of walking, jogging and even sunbathing or sunset watching (Gutierrez, 2000).
Normally, recreation center may possess support facilities similar to resort if it cater swimming recreation and in sports facilities if it cater sports
activities.
5. Advocacy Center
The environmentalprograms.net, in their website (http://www.environmentalprograms.net/guidance/env-advocacy/) explained that advocacy is
working to influence public policy in social, economic, political, and cultural spheres in order to bring about justice and positive change in human rights

and environmental issues. The website further disclosed that Environmental Advocacy involves both protecting the public from environmental hazards
and protecting the natural world. Advocates organize a group around a cause and work to implement changes that have a lasting and positive effect.
On the other hand, Mellinguer (2000) explained that advocacy center is none other than the place or office of an advocacy group pushing for
public influence on certain issues. Mellinguer (2000) further explained that normally, an advocacy center has an exhibit room, conference room, the
office of the advocacy staff or secretariat, and a space for storing advocacy materials. Furthermore, it was explained that this office normally utilize
usual office set up but have a more flexible circulation flow to promote immediate transfer of information or procedural instructions to each staff.
B. RELATED PROJECTS AND STUDIES
In the joint study of various government and nongovernment organizations from 2000 to 2007 as published by WWF in June 2007, the experience of
researchers and beneficiaries as well as the significant output in the study of Tubbataha Reefs National Marine Park (TRNMP) and World Heritage Park Project
(shown on figure 6) were disclosed. The TRNMP stands out as one of the best managed offshore marine protected areas in the country. At the end of the
GEF-funded project in 2004, the following improvements were recorded: in the biophysical conditions in the TRNMP, socio-economic benefits to the
Cagayancillo fishers, increased institutional support, increasing visitor arrivals and user fee collections and improved enforcement. Structures and operating
systems to run the park were established.
A diver-fee system introduced in 2000 earned the park more than PhP 8.6 million in user-fee revenues from 3,045 guest-visits. The next phase will
expand the scope of protection to 87,000 hectares to cover the adjacent reefs of Jessie Beazely and explore the establishment of a network of MPAs along
the Cagayan Ridge, Sulu Sea. The project is supported by a grant from the Global Environment Facility through the United Nations Development Program,

World Congress on Protected Areas and the Homeland Foundation through WWF-US. The results of this study strengthen the concept of the researcher to
propose the study. The result of the study further suggests methodologies and space program strategies for the said proposal.
Source: Photos by Chris Hinlo (www.filipinasoul.com)
Figure 6. The Tubbatha Reefs National Marine Park
The WWF (2005) study on the possibility of Babuyan Islands as a possible humpback whale breeding area is said to a milestone in Philippine
marine mammal research and a significant finding for the international marine mammal research community. The processes on how this Humpback whale
(as shown in figure 7) is being taken care of could be used as basis in proposed project. The monitoring such as boat surveys, photo identification, and

on-boat laboratory works may be considered in process of space planning for the proposed research facilities within Donsol Marine Life Exposition and
Research Center.
Source: Joseph Mobely (www.animals.nationalgeographic.com)
Figure 7. Humpback Whale in Babuyan Island
The Conservation Research, Mapping and Systems Development (CRMSD) Unit is an initiative of WWF-Philippines to employ existing and emerging
geographic information solutions, as well as related information management solutions, which primarily aim to assist projects and key partners meet their
respective objectives in environmental conservation and management. Operationalized in the early part of 2002, the unit evolved from the merger of the
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Unit with other existing projects with a strong affinity towards Geographic Information Technology (GIT) and

specialized Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Applications, like the former South East Asian Marine Resources Information System
(SEAMARIS) [now known as the Coastal and Marine Resources Information System (CMARIS)] and the Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) Mapping for
Oil Spill projects. To date, the program incorporates its various information management solutions into the current operational and management structure
of the various projects of the organization to aid in the design and planning, implementation and monitoring of various project activities. Within the bounds
of its research and systems development scope, the unit continually works to ensure its knowledge on methods, techniques and processes are at par with
current advances and innovations in the field; and thus be able to provide efficient and effective service to the different projects, as well as the organization
as a whole. This study suggests some ways of handling the water ecosystem which could be a basis for space program development for the proposed
project aside from the pointers that it will suggest in the process of site selection.
The article of Guinigundo (2005) described the Living Marine Resource Cooperative Science Center activities and programs. The article explained
that the goals of the LMRCSC are to enhance marine and fisheries research and academic programs, to enhance research programs in marine sciences and
fisheries, and generate a pool of scholars entering the fields of marine science and fisheries. Its major objectives are to develop research programs
congruent with National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries research priorities, strengthen existing collaborative programs that are
interactive with a wide range of stakeholders, and develop programs that enhance the practical education of undergraduate and graduate students in the
marine sciences and fisheries. This particular cooperative science center discussed various facilities which may be considered in planning a marine
ecosystem research center planning. This will further help the researcher in the process of site selection, site development, space programming and even
utility system conceptualization for the proposed project.

Based from www.mote.org, the Mote Center for Shark Research (CSR) was a center to conduct leading scientific studies on all aspects of the biology of
sharks and their relatives, the skates and rays, with an emphasis on their role as important marine resources. By studying these animals in natural habitats
around the world as well as under controlled conditions in the laboratory, the center's research provides critical information on the adaptations, resource value
and conservation status of shark, skate and ray species. In addition to disseminating these research results to the scientific community, the Center for Shark
Research is dedicated to enhancing public understanding and awareness of these animals by communicating scientific information to policy makers,
educational institutions, the media and the general public. From its humble beginnings in tiny shed in a small Florida town, Mote Marine Laboratory (shown in
Figure 8) has expanded to include a 10.5-acre campus in Sarasota, Fla., with field stations and public exhibits in Key West and field stations in Summerland
Key and Charlotte Harbor. Florida's extensive coastline and marine and estuarine environments have enabled Mote scientists to build a platform of marine
research conducted in the near shore environment. From the original focus on sharks, Mote research has expanded to include seven major areas of
concentration, organized into seven research centers. While each center focuses on its own specialty, Mote scientists are able to partner with others within the
lab to integrate efforts across a number of fields. This approach has led to discoveries that establish Mote as a global leader in many areas of marine science.
Mote recognizes the importance of advancing the understanding of sea science to the general public. To that end, Mote conducts extensive public outreach
and operates a public aquarium that serves nearly 400,000 visitors a year. Mote is one of the few organizations in the world that combines marine research
with public outreach through a full-fledged aquarium. Mote Marine Laboratory is also one of the world‘s few remaining private marine research laboratories
and, as a nonprofit organization, is funded through federal, state and local grants and through the generosity of individual donors and foundations. Over the
last five decades, the world has learned many things about its oceans. One lesson has remained constant: There is still much to discover. This particular
research could be a basis for the project proponent in the process of design evaluation and validation for the proposed project.

Source: www.marinebio.org
Figure 8. Mote Marine Laboratory in Florida
The Manila Ocean Park (MOP) which is shown in Figure 9 was built in 2005 is dedicated to educate and spread awareness on the conservation and
preservation of Philippine marine life. Their Public Education Programs form a most important part of their daily operations here at Manila Ocean Park.

Regular facility efforts extend from marine life exhibits and interactive multi-media offerings, symposiums, workshops, and film-presentations. Manila
Ocean Park is committed to conducting science research activities to help develop technologies necessary to sustain and/or possibly enhance the current state
of marine biodiversity in the country. Currently, MOP is conducting an empirical research on the development of a technology for coral propagation for reef
rehabilitation in cooperation with Prof. Benjamin Vallejo of the University of the Philippines.
Source: www.manilaoceanpark.com
Figure 9. The Manila Ocean Park
Through these programs, Manila Ocean Park hopes to develop a whole new generation of environmentally conscious Filipinos who will take ownership,
pride and responsibility for their heritage and who will work towards a future in harmony with nature. This project gave the idea to the researcher to
incorporate recreational facilities and possibly, captive breeding facilities for the proposed study.

The Camarines Sur Watersport Complex (CWC), which is specifically located within the Provincial Capitol Complex, Cadlan, Pili, Camarines Sur is a
world class recreational facility which is shown on figure 10. It offers different amenities for different kinds of events. It is the first world-class water sports
complex in the Philippines and in Asia. CWC‘s offers good quality of accommodation and recreation because of the setting of villas, residential containers,
cabanas and other facilities which is adjacent to the park where the visitors can easily walkthrough different amenities of the water sport complex. This
particular project suggests some aspects in planning for the tourism receiving facilities for the proposed Donsol Marine Life and Exposition Center.
Source: www.cwcwake.com
Figure 10. Recreational Facilities of Camsur Watersport Complex
In the study of Aca (2008) of World Wildlife Fund – Philippines in collaboration with its counterpart in Denmark, the protection of bigger migrating
sea-animals of the Coral Triangle was highlighted. The study emphasized that since Donsol in Sorsogon is a significant part of the said coral triangle
considering the presence of significant population of Butanding. The WWF- Philippines pursue the study on the protection of the gentle giants in the

waters of Donsol by conducting planktoning studies, conservation advocacy campain, satellite tagging, and photo identification processes. These processes
suggest a ―consideration‖ in the process of space programming particularly in the aspect of space definition for the propose research center. However, as
the study suggests that more techniques and methodologies should be considered in understanding the Butandings should be implemented; it shall be an
important note that benchmarking other related projects (research center) is indeed necessary.

Chapter 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
To comprehensively achieve the architectural objectives which are anchored to broader objectives of the agency and organizations in the domain of
Marine life conservation and to efficiently or successfully obtain the desired outcome of this architectural thesis; this will incorporate interpretative, quantitative
and qualitative methods of research techniques. Presented systematically, are the different processes or steps in conducting this architectural study.
A. Gathering of Data
To achieve the desired architectural objectives, data from the following sources shall be gathered to be able to reinforce the conceptual framework
as well as the analytical processes of this study.
1. Review of Published and Unpublished Material
Review of published and unpublished materials shall be done to collect information on philosophical, theoretical and procedural aspect of
selecting, developing and analyzing the possible project site; space programming; qualitative analysis of form and function; utility systems
conceptualization; material specification concepts; and project costing. The review shall also be performed to be able to examine the effects of
government legislations in the process of conducting the architectural design processes. The following possible sources of unpublished and published
materials shall be visited:

a. World Wide Web
Considering that the internet or worldwide web (www) is the most accessible and the most widely known as the fastest form of
researching because information are all made available in a click, this shall be considered as an alternative source of information. In particular,
the related foreign projects shall be sourced out through this means since considering that a visit to such is impractical and unfeasible. Other
information such as government laws and other related information may also be retrieved from this source.
b. Libraries
Libraries of various universities, government agencies, and non-governmental organizations including national libraries shall be visited to
comprehensively gather the needed information for the study. Unpublsihed studies such as graduate school and undergraduate thesis related to
this study would be reviewed through visitation of libraries of various institutions offering architecture and urban planning programs.
c. Government Agencies
Different offices such as Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR), Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR),
Local Government Unit (LGU), Department of Tourism, and others shall be visited to gather statistical, information through respective agency
journal, books or other materials. Actual interview with government officials as a supplement and/ or alternative to the sets of information
which would be gathered from the review of government agency records.
d. Non-Government Organizations (NGO’s)
Offices of World Wildlife Fund (WWF), Bantay Kalikasan and other NGO‘s would be visited to conduct interview and to review statistical
records or journals which could be used in the proposed study.

2. Review and Visitation of Related Project
To have a benchmark on probable strategies in space derivations; sizing and juxtaposition; and qualitative analysis of form and function,
existing projects that are related to the study would be visited and reviewed. The related project highlights and pessimistic experiences would be taken
into consideration as a possible basis of concepts while it‘s the lessons on its weaknesses shall be taken into consideration so as not to transpire in the
proposed project.
3. Resource Person Consultations
Gathering of data through consultations with resource persons whose expertise are in the field of marine biology, related project planning, industry
background, and others will be conducted to gather information since not all information may be or can be extracted from written materials.
B. Analysis of Gathered Data
Right after the data collection, the gathered information would be analyzed based and sorted based on its impact on the proposed project.
1. Needs Identification
This study shall use the issue-based needs identification to be able to determine the major facilities of the proposed project. Every major issue
shall be carefully analyzed to be able to determine the physical development aspects that could be rejoined with architectural space or spatial

program. In this manner, majority if not all of the issue surrounding the ecotourism of Donsol would be addressed in the planning of the proposed
project.
2. PEST Market Study
To be able to determine the status of the market where the project would take its business share, Political-Economic-Social-Technological
(PEST) market Analysis shall be used instead of SWOT. In this manner, the character of market in terms of Political, economic, social and
technological would be determined which in return will yield the market implication of the proposed project. Considering that the primary focus of
this study is on the architectural, market study would only consider the conceptual context as it only uses PEST Analysis; thus, it will not follow or
regard any mathematical model that will determine or describe the market scientifically.
3. Conceptual Sustainability Review (Income Generation Study)
This study shall incorporate sustainability shall be done in conceptual manner only as indicated in the scope and delimitation of the study. As a
conceptual output, this will only disclose a review on various spaces within the project that will yield or generate revenue. Similar with market
study, no mathematical computations on how much the project would yield in a given period of time.

4. Preparation of Site Criterion
Using the site characteristics of related project and/ or with the guide on the process of site determination of related projects, site criterion
which shall be the basis of site selection shall be done by considering various factors such as zonal requirements, tourism hub adjacency, access to
public facilities, land cost and other environmental factors.
5. Selection of Site
There would be a selection process for three possible sites based on the derived criterion. These three possible sites shall be analyzed using
SWOT to be able to determine the positive and negative attributes of the sites. The site which would offer more positive attributes would be
considered. The site selection will also incorporate Centroid Establishment System (CES) to be able to validate whether the chosen is within the
centroid or demarcation of geophysical and demographical needs of the project.
6. Site Inventory
Upon selection of the site, the micro characteristic of the chosen project lot shall undergo site inventory to be able to determine the extent of
vegetation or site cover; presence of wild life; orientation to prevailing winds and sun path; soil quality; vantage point to good view; natural growth
or elements that could be used in the actual design; possible materials that could be used in the construction of the project; and others. The result
of the analysis is relevant to the preparation of the site zoning and in the juxtaposition of project amenities.

7. Qualitative Analysis of Function and of Form
The qualitative analysis of function and of form shall be done using the Simplified Bayle‘s Method wherein the goals or objectives shall be
laterally presented with the facts about the site or form, concepts of forms and of function, the needs as an outcome of an analysis, and the
problem(s) that may pose difficulty to the analysis of form and of function. In the analysis, the connectivity, significance and relationship of each
goals or objectives, facts, concepts, needs and problems could be visibly observed; thus, the most appropriate concept of form and function could
be derived.
8. Space Programming
Using the gathered data on published and unpublished materials, related projects review and resource person consultation; the architectural
rejoinder in the needs analysis; and the analyzed qualitative character of function; space identification, quantification, sizing, articulation, and
disposition shall be done using modular and area-per-occupant methods.
9. Actual Study of Form
Actualization of form shall commence side by side with space programming with the aid of the qualitative analysis output. The conceptualization
of form shall follow the principles of organic architecture while using the traditional method of evolutionary sketching of form.

10. Structural and other Utility Systems Conceptualization
Structural systems conceptualization shall immediately follow the actual study of form. However, the conceptualization of the possible
construction system, which would be recommended, may vary depending on the selected site. In terms of signals or communication, electrical,
sanitary, mechanical etc. the current technology and methods shall be adopted in the proposed project.
11. Architectural Finishes (Material) Specifications
The architectural finishes identification shall be made reflective of the derived building form motif. To ensure the vernacularism of the design,
the usage of abundant materials within the site or its periphery would be the primary techniques that would be observed.
C. Data Synthesis
In the process of synthesis, building laws such as National Building Code (NBC), Plumbing Code, Electrical Code, Fire Code, Accessibility Law, Local
Ordinances and others shall be carefully incorporated. On the aspect of validating the emergency systems within the building, ―emergency scenario setting
and review technique shall be used.
D. Evaluation and Validation of the Result
Considering the limited time of allotted for the research, the validation or evaluation of the research output shall be its actual design output
presentation. The pre-validation method that will check the correctness of space program, building form and utility system shall be utilizing the Tabular

Method, Project Review Residual Data Cross Checking, Industry Review Data Matching, and Implied Information Method which will consider building laws,
usual architectural practices, and theories of known architects as evaluation variables. On the other hand, pre-validation of site criterion shall be using
SWOT Analysis as a way of justification. All other systems of verification of the output‘s veracity shall be included in the recommendations.

Chapter 4
PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
A. ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF THE PROPOSAL
The conceptual basis of the objectives of this study is to comprehensively address issues which need physical development by abstractly instigating
an edifice that will stimulate some pessimistic issues into optimistic possibilities. The municipality of Donsol, having endowed with natural resources found
its way towards global fame when the presence of Butanding in its plankton-rich waters.
Tourism industry contributed to the economic growth of the municipality; and new business and/ or employment opportunities improved the life of
a significant number of people. However, as the municipality embraces the arrival of foreign and local tourists; various issues and concerns emerged. The
facilities of the town to cater the arrival of local and foreign tourists cannot be completely and comfortably catered by at least currently ten operating
pension or lodging house in the town. As a matter of fact, the estimated combined guest of holding capacity of all pension or lodging houses is only 180
which is far inferior to the 278 average daily visitors per day during peak hours of Butanding Interactions. This is without consideration to the expected
increase due to the implementation of municipal plans legislations and programs in relation to Butanding. The need for further improvement or
development of food services into a world-class standard is also a matter to deal with.
One of the great challenges that the Municipality of Donsol is facing right now is to completely understand the behavior of the whale sharks. As an
initial way of doing so, the LGU of Donsol is closely coordinating with the WWF who are conducting researches on Gentle giants and its ecosystem to

understand mainly its behavior and to closely analyze its habitat. WWF and so the LGU of Donsol believe that understanding the characteristics of
Butanding is the key to ascertain its conservation plans and strategies. Thus, despite of inadequate physical facilities, WWF, in collaboration with the LGU
is currently conducting satellite tagging, photo identification, and continuous monitoring of the gentle giants.
Another issue that the LGU specifically, the local body of Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) is the Habitat Protection of
whale sharks from manmade nuisances. Although Donsol has yet to set up a more efficient waste management system; still, the solution to this issue is in
the hand of local populace. The evidently visible discarded plastics along riverbanks and beaches is a clear sign that advocacy campaign should really be
more intense to instill to the mind of the people the need to protect the environment specifically the habitat of whale sharks.
Based on the case study of Pine (2005), the total accumulated revenue of Donsol last 2005 is PhP4.6 million ($0.10 million). It is increasing
annually by 110% since the Butanding interaction was started. However, this total revenue have not been maximize because the tourist only visits Donsol
just to interact with Butanding and nothing else. As a matter of fact, the Donsol‘s Butanding interaction is only 20% of the total revenue of other countries
such as Belize and Australia. Thus, there is an evident need to create facilities that will capitalize on Butanding interaction to stimulate the local economy;
specifically, to market local products.
During Butanding season, Donsol is lively because of the presence of foreign and local tourists. However, during the lean season of Butanding
interaction, Donsol transforms into a sleepy town. Restaurants close; Lodging houses are empty; and the tourism center is silent. These particular issue
challenge the LGU to come up alternative programs to Butanding interaction that will sustain the dynamic tourism industry during the lean months of
whale sharks interaction.

Furthermore, unknown to most visitors, Donsol is also endowed with rich marine life. The rich mangrove forest that is home to various species
of marine animals, the presence of dolphins, sea-cow (dugong), manta ray and a lot of exotic fishes. Donsol can also boast some diving spots which is
home to various species of corals, sea shells and other sea creatures. These, aside from dolphins may be capitalized by the LGU as another alternative
during lean months of Butanding interaction. Also, this may be a good subject of exposition to give emphasis on the marine resources conservation
and preservation.
B. NEEDS IDENTIFICATION
The thorough analysis of the context of the proposal suggest that various issues and concerned may insinuate architectural rejoinder in space
programming. The various issues, as cited in one of the objectives of this study should be carefully analyzed with the aid of the gathered data and
should be comprehensively scrutinized to be able to crop up an architectural proposition.
Table 1 shows the comprehensive result of the analysis of various issues and concerns within the milieu of Butanding tourism, as it is being
rejoined architecturally to the nearest possible architectural proposition. The table further shows the issue sensitivity analysis on the physical
development needs of the municipality of Donsol which shall be deemed as the main feature and amenities of the proposed Donsol Marine Life
Exposition and Research Center.
The table shows that the spatial needs of the proposed project in answer to the needs of the Municipality of Donsol in the context and relation
to and of eco-tourism industry includes the re-planning of the current Butanding Interaction Center; improvement of sea vessel docking facilities,

improvement of hospitality facilities, incorporation of advocacy center in the proposed project, inclusion of other marine eco-tourism spots, addition of
manmade attractions as an alternative to Butanding Interaction during lean months which includes kite-surfing, wind surfing, river kayaking, white-sea
rafting and others, providing area for local product exposition as a way to capitalize the eco-tourism in stimulating the local economy, and by providing
complete medical, administrative, security and safety facilities that will ensure smooth and efficient operational management of the project.
Table 1
Needs Analysis for the Proposed Donsol Marine Life Exposition and Research Center
Issues Discussion of Sub-issues Architectural Rejoinder and Space Proposition
Issues in relation to the influx The presence of two standard (tourist-class) restaurant in town is It is deemed necessary that a food service facility be included in the
of local and foreign tourists to not enough to cater the tourists and even local people during the space programming of the proposed project. It terms of the size of
experience Butanding peak of Butanding interaction season. food facility; it shall cater at least 10% of the total maximum occupancy
interaction. of the whole complex in reference to the gathered information from the
related literature. This 10% is not to shoulder the market needs of the
Municipality of Donsol but just to cater the need of the proposed edifice
considering that this food service facility is not the prime priority aside
from the fact that the municipal government is expecting that this
sector will flourish in two to three years time. Furthermore, this amenity
within the complex is aimed to set healthy competition among the
existing food service facilities for the improvement of service standard.
The collective capacity of ten operating lodging houses in the It is understood that the increasing rate of visitors in Donsol annually
municipality is approximately 180 which is far inferior than the shows that the proposed project should also include lodging facilities

expected daily average need of 278 this coming November 2009- that could hold the overflowing arrival of guest especially on the peak
June 2010 Butanding interaction season. In five to ten years time season of Butanding interaction. In terms of space quantity, the
this figure may increase considering that the number of visitors in number would be 60 units of beds in reference to the study by Manolo
Donsol is sharply grown by 110% (annually) for the past five years (2008). To ensure the development flexibility, ―single family cottage‖
while the number of investment in tourist accommodation decently type development similar with Camsur Watersports Complex (CWC),
increased only by 10% from years 2005 to 2008. However, in the one of the related projects of this study. Single family cottage type
concluded study by Manolo (2008), as manifested by on-going development will answer the almost unperceivable rate of increase. The
feasibility studies of two known hospitality industry players to open accommodation should at least much class ―A‖ resort or a first class
up a hotel that will cater at least 50% of market share by 2012; it is hotel room as define on Sec.4.b of Rules and regulations to govern the
expected there would be a shortage of 60 beds in that year. Such accreditation of hotels, tourist inns, motels, apartels, resorts, pension
shortage will continuously grow by 14% to 19% until 2016 (if there houses and other accommodation establishments by Department of
would be no further hotel development) wherein, the tourist arrival Tourism (DOT). In this manner, the propose project will somewhat
in relation to Butanding Interaction is expected to be at its stable stimulate the healthy competitions among other similar establishment
curve. Furthermore, it is predicted that as tourist arrival increases, in the town.
investments in hospitality services would flourish and healthy
competitions will bring about higher standard of service.
As supported by Municipal Ordinance Number 99-001, the Municipal The current edifice would be redesigned to reduce the queuing time in
Tourism Council (MTC) was established. The institution paved way to the registration and briefing, to ensure comfort in waiting for their turn
the creation of a Tourism Office that eventually handled the in interaction, and to ensure much faster post interaction activities. The
Butanding Interaction Center which opens from November to July. size of the establishment would be enlarge by 200% to be able to have
This Butanding Interaction Center is located at Brgy. Dancalan, a more spatial flexibility. In addition to the resizing, facilities such as
around 2.5 kilometers from the town proper. Although physically souvenir shops, simple recreational gaming facilities such as billiard
new, the building that serve as the Tourism Office caters the halls, viewing or telescoping decks, and others in a well landscape
interaction registration (registration of local or foreign tourist); place setting would be provided. Furthermore, shower rooms and dressing
for tourist briefing/ orientation; waiting area for the actual rooms would be also enlarge by 200% to long lines of waiting tourist
interaction; interaction preparation area; and post-interaction and be able to save time for roaming around the other facilities in the

activities area. Other amenities in the center are also the interaction proposed project.
paraphernalia renting area, souvenir shopping, and shower and
dressing area. During peak hours of Butanding interaction season,
the long line of tourists in the registration area, briefing/ orientation
room, and boat waiting area, and even in shower and dressing
rooms is evident. Visibly, the long queue is because of the spaces
within the center is so inferior to handle the large number of local
and foreign tourists.
The 35 cases of minor injuries or accidents last Butanding interaction In response to the cases of minor injuries due to boarding and getting
season due to accident in boarding on and getting off motorized off to motorized boats of tourist and researchers, a docking facilities
boats is a manifestation that there is a need for better boat docking would be provided. Since there would only be a maximum of 15
facilities. Also, during lean months; speed boats and other registered interaction boats, the docking area would be 20 docking slots. 15 of
pump boats for Butanding interaction is just being plunked along the which is for interaction boats while the remaining 5 would be for
beach adjacent to the interaction center under the challenging emergency sea crafts. Also, there shall be areas for sea craft
weather. This is a clear manifestation of looming safety and maintenance and repair.
operational efficiency challenges in the coming days.
Issues on the efficiency and It has been the vision of the Donsol safeguard the Butanding and to The laboratory entities of the proposed project shall contain photo
sustainability of Butanding sustain its presence in the waters of the municipality. Currently, the documentation laboratory with computer rooms, filing area, video
conservation programs. LGU is coordinating with other Non-governmental Organizations analyzing room, and photo production studio; Satellite tagging with
(NGO) and educational institutions like WWF and Bicol University- preparation and assembly area, satellite feed monitoring room,
Tobaco Campus (College of Fisheries) to conduct thorough studies to equipment storage and repair area, file storage area; and Forensic
be able to determine and document the physical and behavioral Laboratory with experimentation lab, fish dissecting lab, specimen tank
character of the whale sharks to come up a more comprehensive and freezer.
and a better conservation program. As it is believed that
understanding the gentle giants will lead to the discovery of efficient

way of sustaining their present in the waters of the town; WWF is

initiating researches and projects such as photo documentation,
satellite tagging and on-site observation. These activities are actually
being done trusting only on resourcefulness- considering the
absence of research facilities within the area. Moreover, to unfold
the result of every study or research to the public; as the result of
every study is significant to the fragile Butanding, support research
facilities are philosophically needed. Lastly, the LGU of Donsol, the
Bicol University- Tabaco Campus (College of Fisheries) and WWF
believe that the current research projects in relation to Butanding is
a small part of the bigger tasks which need to be accomplished and
thus, more laboratory facilities to cater other types of experimental
studies should be provided in the near future.
Other marine life wonders Known to only few, Donsol has other marine life wonders such as There would be exposition areas which showcase the rich marine life of
such as dugong, dolphins, dugong, dolphins, manta ray, coral reefs that is home to exotic Donsol through dioramas or models, video presentation, photo exhibits,
manta rays, rare species of fishes and even swamp, which could be additional attractions to aquariums which exhibit local marine species excluding those
sharks (that is less than 50 Butanding interactions. It has been a challenge to the LGU of Donsol endangered. Audio visual rooms would also be provided for seminars,
accounted sightings around to tap these marine life attractions to sustain eco-tourism during the advocacy campaign and other related functions to showcase the rich
the world), rich coral reefs, as months of July until October when Butanding is unreachable in the marine biodiversity of the town.
well as diverse swamp waters of Donsol. However, facilities such as jump-on and off to the
attractions was on the sideline said attractions was not a consideration in the existing (but inferior
of the flourishing Butanding facilities) for Butanding interactions.
Tourism.
Issues on the preservation The LGU of Donsol, the DENR, the Bicol University-Tabaco Campus The proposed project would be the base of the municipal government‘s
and protection of marine life (School of Fisheries) with the help of other NGO‘s like WWF and advocacy campaigns on environmental issues and concern. There

habitat and ecosystem. Bantay Kalikasan are now doing actions to protect the waters of the would be an office that would be supported by the same spaces as
municipality and nearby towns by means of rigid and massive mentioned in the previous discussion on this table.
advocacy campaign for proper disposal of waste as well as proper
handling of sewage. The group is also spearheading the clean up
drive that will at least reduce the volume of solid pollutants along
seashore, rivers, streams and other waterways. The group aims to
solicit the help of every townsfolk to do their part in the preservation
of the diverse marine life.
The group aims as well to do constant plankton density In addition to the previously mentioned laboratory facilities, there
measurement to check whether the base of the ecosystem food web would also be a laboratory which will be intended for plankton density
is sustainable. monitoring and inventory or characterization.
Also, it is being proposed to have constant water quality assessment There would also have an area intended for water quality monitoring
on various locations within the waters of Donsol, as well as on major facilities which would have water analysis laboratory that would
rivers and its significant tributaries to have a complete idea on the measure the water quality, pH level, dissolve oxygen, dissolve minerals
success of the preservation campaign. and pollutants.
Furthermore, the group is doing its best as well to protect the Space attributes that would suggest swamps and mangrove forest
swamps and mangrove forest of the municipality which is currently protections would be added to the previously mentioned areas for
in the verge of total annihilation due to rapid urbanization as well as advocacy campaigns.
due to illegal logging. The collaborating group is now doing
inventory of species of flora and fauna within the mangrove forests
of the municipality.
The issues on the need for an During lean months, Donsol transforms into a sleepy town To create possibilities or opportunities during lean months, the
alternative tourism attractions (Hernandez, 2004). Butanding interaction center closes and people proposed project shall contain mangrove forest adventure amenities to

during lean months of working as tourist interaction officers go back to the usual tiny showcase the rich biodiversity of this type of ecosystem. In this
Butanding interaction (July to economic activities. Pension houses are empty while restaurants stop essence, visitors would be educated on the role mangroves in the
October) to sustain the trading. The usual economic activities prior to the discovery of ecosystem.
economic activities and Donsol are the ones giving breath to the town‘s treasury. This
employment opportunities for situation challenges the LGU of Donsol to come up with plans on
the populace of Donsol. capitalizing the fame of being the home of Butanding so as to
eventually entice the visitors to comeback by means of visiting other
natural attractions which will be enhanced with manmade
attractions. As a matter of fact to this, as a first step to this plan, the
LGU of Donsol intends to declare the mangrove forests as well as the
peripheral swamps as marine life sanctuary by means of local
legislation.
From July to October, moderately strong southwest monsoon To capitalize on the wind that cause lean months to Butanding
(―habagat‖) gusts in the town bringing higher tide level and higher interactions, amenities such as kite surfing, wind surfing, even white-
waves. With this, the water of Donsol becomes a suitable place for sea rafting and river kayaking. Thus, the proposed project would be
kite surfing, wind surfing and even white-sea rafting which could be having facilities in relation to these activities.
offered to adventurist visitors seeking for a more unusual recreation.
Also, the higher tide dams the freshwater outlet bringing appreciable Amenities for freshwater diving shall also be a highlight of the proposed
level of water to swamps, deltas and mangrove forest floors which project.
could be marketed as a site for freshwater diving wherein freshwater
and even seawater fishes could be observed aside from shells and
crabs. Saltwater swamps which may be fed with substantial water
level by the higher level of tide may likewise be an adventure site for
people who would wish to see the ecosystem beneath and within the
periphery of mangrove forests.

Donsol has also areas which could be offered not only as an Amenities for coral reef diving shall also be proposed as an alternative
alternative attraction during lean months but also an added activity for the proposed project. There would be facilities for divers
attraction to Butanding interactions. These are the presence of coral training.
reefs and shipwreck could entice tourists who are sea diving
enthusiasts.
The issue on the maximization It has been a clamor of the local business sector in Donsol An area for shops of native products would also be provided as a way
of possibilities to let Butanding specifically the ten (10) major local product producers that to stimulate the local market. There would also have a pavilion for local
Tourism be a stimulant to Butanding interaction tourism is almost insignificantly contributing to product launching and exposition specifically for young or new
market the local products of their share. According to the common folks, as established by the entrepreneurs. The ten major local product manufacturers shall be
the municipality. interviews and as validated by the municipal tourism office; almost provided with a small sales or business center in the proposed project.
75% of local and foreign tourists stay in Donsol just for the
interaction alone. Most of the tourists seldom roam around the town
proper to at least ascertain other opportunities or possibilities.
Other issues that is being At present, the one-way bridge leading to the Butanding Interaction In accordance to the guidelines of DOT in the accreditation of resorts
highlighted are the need for Center or the Municipal Tourism Center is being widened, a good and hotels, the project would be planned with sufficient parking areas
much more efficient sign that the efficiency of transport system specifically traffic to accommodate the tourists. Furthermore, a small transportation
transportation system to and congestion during peak hours of tourists‘ presence would be lessen. terminal would be provided to avoid traffic congestions.
from the Butanding However, since there is no development (not even a medium term
Interaction Center, a better plan) made within the road adjacent to the existing Butanding
tourist emergency facilities, interaction center; traffic congestion would be a normal scene for
cleaner interaction equipment long considering that the half of the 5-meter wide road (although
shops, peace and order concreted) is being used as parking area and terminal for tricycle.
facilities and others.

The 35 recorded minor injuries in the last Butanding interaction Medical facilities should also be provided considering to its proximity to
season directly insinuates that aside from improving the security and the hospital situated in the town proper. This would cater injured
safety aspects of each facilities; there is a need for a facility that will interactors and visitors and serve as an emergency response based if
address this concerns. Considering the process of interaction, there would be unexpected accidents.
wherein there is a need for swift diving from the interaction boat to
the water to immediately witness the gentle giants right after it is
being spotted; minor accident such as bruises and other minor
injuries most of the time is a frequent consequence.
The incidents of stealing and brawl although exceptionally few is also Well plan security system would be a prime consideration in the
a manifestation of a need to provide facilities that will monitor peace propose project thus it would have a complete security facilities such
and security as a way of sustaining the outpour of visitors in sentry gate, field outposts within the site as well as close circuit camera
consideration to the axiom that tourism industry is directly based on monitoring facilities.
the credibility of the place in terms of peace and security.
There is a need as well for a better distribution center that would
ensure the safeness and hygiene of the interaction tools and
instruments.
Interaction paraphernalia distribution and renting areas would be
There is a need for much more efficient management system upgraded in reference to hygienic handling.
facilities in reference to the organizational structure of the proposed
project. The propose project shall have administration building that would be
reflective of organizational structure of the project (shown in figure 11)
in relation to government policies. This includes offices of various
departments, lounges, storages and other basic offices.

C. RESTATEMENT OF OBJECTIVES
In reference to the needs analysis with consideration to the previously presented data, presented below is the hybrid or restatement of objectives
that would define the direction of this study more comprehensively.
1. To be able to determine a rational site for the proposed Donsol Marine Life Exposition and Research Center in reference to lot character and
developmental flexibility, accessibility to public facilities, proximity to the Butanding and other rich marine life concentration, land value, seclusion to
natural and manmade nuisances.
2. To be able to determine the proper sizing, space quantification, zonal and spatial juxtaposition, circulation of various spaces of the proposed Donsol
Marine Life Exposition and Research Center such as restaurants, lodging facilities, interaction and briefing center, tourist reception, viewing decks,
recreational facilities, docking facilities, laboratories, exposition center, audio visual and conference rooms, water sports facilities, diving and
training facilities, market pavilions, parking areas and terminals, medical facilities, security facilities and administration buildings in reference to the
issues and concern within the milieu of Butanding and other marine life eco-tourism.
3. To determine the most appropriate architectural form in terms of local material inventory available within the periphery of the site; in answer to the
climate and weather challenges; in response to geophysical characteristics of the chosen site including the looming challenge of tidal erosion; and
in relation to the defined group of architectural spaces suited for the proposed project. Further, to identify the most philosophical architectural
finishes that will enhance the vernacularism to assure an environmental friendly structure.

4. To determine the other amenities and utility system concepts that will suggest sustainable facilities that will support the operation of the proposed
project.
D. ARCHITECTURAL ANALYSIS OUTPUT REFERENCE
This part illustrates the highlights of spatial derivations based on issues and facts which significantly influence the eco-tourism industry in the town
of Donsol. It is being recommended that the spatial organization for the proposed project should be juxtaposed with respect to functional relationship,
occupant behavior, organizational and operational management strategy, psychosomatic ambiance and setting of the site, security and safety hierarchy,
and most importantly with inter and intra flow of activities within spaces. This could be done by zonal approach of site development planning with
consideration to organizational structure based scheduling considering that the proposed project will be dealing with various indirectly related functions
Considering that the site has the elements of a resort, it shall be planned in consonance to the provisions of the Department of Tourism (DOT)
guidelines on planning and development of a resort. However, although it will satisfy the said provisions, still the main goal of the project shall be the more
visible concept in the process of space planning.
The conducted linear analysis as cross-matched with the objectives of this study specifically presents the following recommendatory references.
1. The marine life interaction activities which include the world renowned Butanding interactions shall be grouped with other new alternative
interaction concept which includes fresh water diving, coral reef diving, dolphin watching and shipwreck diving whereby major spaces such as

interaction registration center, briefing and orientation center, diving training and waiting area shall be provided. It shall be connected to the
pre and post interaction facilities.
2. The pre and post interaction facilities shall be consisted of paraphernalia and life-saving device rental and distribution area, boarding inspection
area, boat boarding dock, paraphernalia collection and sanitation area, shower area, and dressing room.
3. The advocacy center shall be consisted of a multi-purpose hall for environmental issue conferences and other similar activities, marine life
museum, exhibit halls, galleries, audiovisual room, offices of partner NGO‘s of the LGU of Donsol in the preservation and conservation of marine
ecosystem.
4. The research center shall be consisted of photo documentation laboratory with computer rooms, video analyzing room and film production
room; satellite tagging facilities with preparation and assembly area, satellite feed monitoring room, device handling and troubleshooting;
forensic laboratory with experimentation room, fish anatomy examination room, specimen tank and freezer; plankton density monitoring and
inventory laboratory; and water quality monitoring with water analysis laboratory that will measure water attributes, pH level, dissolve oxygen,
dissolved minerals and even pollutants.
5. The hospitality facilities shall include tourist accommodations facilities which will be composed of a number of units of four-bed (2-bedroom)
independent cottages as well as a multi-faceted restaurant.
6. The recreation facilities shall be composed of water sports facilities such as wind-surfing, scuba diving, fresh water diving, white-sea rafting,
and kite surfing. There would also be a recreational swimming pool.
7. The local product exposition center would be having multi-purpose area (pavilion) rentable shops and business information center.

8. There would be complete safety and security facilities such as clinic, guard posts, observation tower, small terminal, and others.
9. Lastly, the administration facilities which shall be located in an area within the lot that will suggest smooth and efficient control to all
facilities within the proposed project.
E. PROJECT STUDY
1. Market Study
In Table 2, the market condition analysis of Butanding tourism in the municipality of Donsol is being presented. The Political-Economic-Social-
Technological Analysis or PEST Analysis for proposed Donsol Marine Life Exposition and Research Center shows that the market is yet to be exploited. As a
matter of fact, the market sales or a trend is still on its infancy stage. The table further shows that the project may stimulate the economic, social and
even technological advancement in the area considering that it will cater visitors from other parts of the world; and it will open opportunities to various
economic or industry entities such as banking, communication, hospitality and others, aside from possibly unlocking eco-research opportunities. However,
the analysis shows that in terms of political aspect; there is much to be done in the municipality. Although, there are now a number of legislations
addressing some issues within the market; more simulating ordinances should be done. Luckily, the Municipal Development plan shows that such is part of
the long term and sustainability plan for the existing tourism market.

Table 2
PEST Market Analysis for the proposed Donsol Marine Life Exposition and Research Center
Political Economic Social Technological
Solid waste and sewage The Municipality of Donsol is a 5th class Donsol has 47,000 inhabitants of Just like in other places of the
management system of the agricultural municipality. Upon the which 49% are 20 years old and country, people ensure that
municipality is yet to be improved. discovery of Butanding in its waters, it younger. they have cellular phones.
Improvement of this will pave to became a third class municipality.
Donsol inhabitants is known for being The place has no existing
cleaner waters and subsequently
The economy of the town is heavily hospitable, god-fearing, peace-loving modern bank that provides
sustaining the presence of
dependent on fishing, farming and friendly people as always being better banking technology
Butanding.
seasonal eco-tourism while manufacturing reported in different types of media such as automated.
The declaration of the territorial and small entrepreneurs are now starting groups. Furthermore, people of
Due to its geographical
waters of Donsol as whaling free to be a succor. Donsol are known as learning and
location technological
sea by virtue of Municipal education lovers as manifested by
Taxation in the town is modest and advancement in Donsol is
Ordinance No. 99-001. their serious intent to send their
business friendly. literally absent except for the
children to school to earn degree no
Legislative declaration of communication system
matter how it would affect their
Farming is entirely a practice whole year
Butanding Interaction Season and (cellular phones and internet).
finances.
round; fishing peaks during summer and
empowering the LGU to operate No advance manufacturing,
declines from July to October due to
and manage the community- Elderly people of Donsol expect construction, transportation
southwest monsoon (where sea is
based eco-tourism projects and young ones to give utmost respect (sea and land), public service,

activities set conditions in some moderately to severely rough); and while talking with them by using business technologies based
aspects of space planning. Butanding ecotourism activities is from ―tabi‖ (equivalent of ―po‖) and by not in the place. Communication
November to June, also due to prevailing looking directly in the eyes. technologies started to
The municipal tourism council was
wind. Other entrepreneurial activities are improved upon the discovery
established by a local legislation Donsolanos are predominantly
dependent of eco-tourism. of Butandings.
to handle the Butanding Christians of which almost 90% are
interaction and other tourism sites Donsol contributes a share of pie to the Roman Catholics. In terms of technological
and activities. demand for agricultural products needs, Donsol is heavily
Majority of people of Donsol
including fishes in central Bicol area. Its dependent on the nearby
Interaction boat service was specifically middle class consumers
harvests is being marketed to Daraga, Legazpi City.
regulated to avoid over are known for being simple in their
Albay and Legazpi City, the regional
encroaching to Butanding feeding lifestyle although very particular in Despite of this technological
urban center.
grounds. their communication technology situation in Donsol, the
Eco-tourism of Donsol specifically the connections. potential of technological
Insurgents are present in town
world famous Butanding Interaction advancement and acceptance
but there were no alarming In terms of food and immediate daily
share a large portion of eco-tourism is of the people and of the
reports in relation to this in the living needs, Donsolanos utilize their
market in the Philippines. In the different industries within the
past few years. local market. However, with other
worldwide context, the interaction with town is an open possibility.
needs; such as clothing, house wares
whale sharks in Donsol can challenge The place was just deprived of
Pressure from environmental
and other related items are being
places with similar eco-tourism attraction having those technologies
activists to regulate the
purchased in the nearby Legazpi City.
like Ningaloo in Australia and a certain because of its geographical
interaction or to ensure that the
place in Belize. As a matter of fact, some condition and due to the fact
effect of human intervention to People of Donsol are also feast
visitors from those places now prefer that the absence is due to

the gentle giants would be Donsol due to larger population or loving. As a matter of fact they limited investments by huge
avoided is an issue. concentration of whale sharks and longer colorfully celebrate the Butanding business entities or large
season of interaction aside from the Festival every April; town fiesta every corporation.
cheaper standard way of living. February 11, aside from the usual
Furthermore, Donsol was visited by more vibrant celebration of regular fiestas
than 2,000 foreign nationals from 46 or holidays in the country.
different countries only from May to June
People of Donsol, being in a rural
2009. This figure does not include the
place believes in various superstitions
local tourists from various provinces of
and real existence of ―aswang‖ and
the country.
―maligno‖.
Politically, the municipal government of Donsol is always open to any proposal that will help them in maximizing the potentials of eco-tourism.
As matter of fact various legislations aiming to sustain the Butanding interaction has been promulgated. The executive rejoinder on the sustainability of the
eco-tourism activity is very much visible in the strict implementation of ―No Whaling Zone‖; organization of Municipal Tourism Council; creation of a center
that will cater Butanding interaction registration, coordination and briefing center; comprehensive control of community based eco-tourism activity; and
most especially the advocacy campaign of the executive branch to protect the environment specifically the water ecosystem. Furthermore, the conviction
of various environmental law violators specifically those who illegally cleared mangrove forests and illegal fishers recently highlighted the political thrusts

towards eco-tourism sustainability. The proposed project can a be a political symbol of the local government to pursue the protection of the environment
and for the sustainability of the ecotourism for it will be the base of advocacy campaign, and conservation or protection research center.
In the economic context, Butanding interaction as presented in the previous chapters generated millions of revenue for the municipality,
although experts said that the amount generated is inferior to what other places with similar eco-tourism attractions produce. Investment in hospitality
facilities by the local people flourished although still inferior to the needs of the industry. Local transportation sector gained more while the regional
transportation hub such as air transportation and provincial operating buses significantly gained from the thriving ecotourism. Most importantly, new job
and investment opportunities for the people of Donsol were created. The proposed project shall be a symbolic edifice for a larger economic development
capitalizing on ecotourism for it will be the seat of local product exposition center aside from generating income for the municipality on tourism per se.
In social context; the ecotourism in Donsol bring about culture and congregative change on how people perceive the town by itself. Formerly, a
Donsolanos would introduce themselves as a native of Sorsogon rather than being specifically from Donsol. Now, with the thriving tourism that captured
international attention, people of Donsol are proud to be native of the town. Whenever in other places, it would be normal for them to extend invitation to
visit Donsol. Such invitation is actually successful in one way or another as media coverage of the presence of gentle giants and of the inherent hospitality
of the people of Donsol becomes usual. The only definable significant social challenge in the sustainability of ecotourism within the town of Donsol is the
need for change in terms of social perception on the proper utilization and due protection of environmental resources. Despite of this and in consideration
to the culture of the people in Donsol; environmental consciousness can be optimistically achieved soon with intensive advocacy campaign. On the other
hand, superstitious belief of the people, will being in a rural area, does not pose any challenge to Butanding interaction. The proposed project shall be the

symbol of social development in the town of Donsol for it symbolize the aspiration of the people to protect the environment and the fragile ecosystem and
to be united in a common goal of improving the living condition of every member of society.
Technologically, the municipality of Donsol is yearning for advancement. The absence of various technologies other than information and
communications is due to its location being a remote town. No opportunities that had surfaced in the town until the discovery of Butanding in 1990‘s. The
Butanding ecotourism stimulated the small presence of information technology access to a better intensity and is expected to further boost other
technological advancement in the town. The proposed project, being a possible source of income was conceptualized to simulate the technological
development by bringing new technology in terms of construction, building utilities, building management system and physical amenities in general.
2. Income Generation
The proposed project shall generate funds on different amenities which would be provided. This amenities shall sustain the daily operation of the
project and bring about income to the treasury of the municipality as it expose the natural wonders of Donsol, cater jobs for the people, advocate for
environmental protection and stimulate the local economy. The following spaces are expected to produce direct revenue or income:
a. Marine interaction facilities. Revenue shall be generated from tourist registration tariff on Butanding interaction, fresh water diving, coral reef scuba
diving, ship wreck diving, mangrove adventures and others. Income may also be produced from tariffs of accredited interaction boats and
accredited interaction paraphernalia providers.

b. Hospitality facilities. Income shall be from tourist rentals of accommodation rooms, income of the restaurant (rental of the restaurant
concessionaire), and income from souvenir shops.
c. Local product exposition facilities. Income shall be from rentals of stalls, rentals of exposition center for trade fair, product launching, business
conferences, product exposition and other similar events. Profits may also be produced from rentals of companies or business organizations
engaged in environmental protection services.
d. Research center facilities. Income shall be generated from rentals of laboratory facilities, payment for laboratory assessment of water quality,
laboratory examination service of various fish species, and others.
e. Recreational center facilities. This amenity will generate revenue through water recreation tariff for wind surfing, white-seawater rafting, kite
surfing, kayaking and others. Income may also be generated from rentals of equipment and suits for the said recreational sports activities.
Furthermore, income may as well be generated from the usage of swimming pool, scuba diving training and from rental of cottages, umbrellas and
sets of picnic equipment.
f. Advocacy centers may as well bring trivial revenue from rentals of audiovisual rooms, conferences, entrance fees from fieldtrips and others.
g. Support facilities. Revenue may also be collected from tariff on the usage of transport terminal and parking area.

F. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS
This part presents the process and systems of derivation qualitative analysis of building form and of function. In this process; goals, facts, concepts,
needs and problems were tabulated to be able to analogously analyze the possible considerations in the derivation of building forms and in the process of
space sizing, quantification and juxtaposition.
1. Qualitative Analysis of Spaces and Its Ecology
a. Qualitative Analysis of Function
Presented in Table 3 is the qualitative analysis of functions which shall be the basis of spatial organization and disposition of circulatory
elements as well as utility systems and support facilities. The table shows that the project shall have spaces for recreational and research activities
which will be composed by the following zones: tourists coordinating center, tourists pre and post interaction center, hospitality amenities, site
recreational facilities, environmental advocacy facilities, research facilities, local product exposition facilities, administration facilities, and operational
support and utilities and that space adequacy would be based on (1) anthropometric consideration, (2) requirements by the law, (3) equipment
requirements, (4) furnishing, (5) circulatory elements, (6) and most importantly spatial scale concept. The arrangement or zonal grouping of major
spaces shall be based on the behavioral pattern of the different types of occupants and users‘ characteristics. Also, the proximity of other protective
services such as fire and police stations, and hospital to the project shall be a consideration in the functional organization. Security and safety
facilities shall be prime consideration.

In the above-mentioned approach the efficiency in terms of spatial organization, building form derivation, and utilities as well as circulatory
disposition through zonal approach of planning, organizational structure based scheduling, utilization of organic and tropical principles of design,
and in respect to theoretical essence of circulatory and building utility elements would be comprehensible. The organizational structure of the
proposed project shall be a zonal-vertical pattern as shown in figure 16.
Table 3
Qualitative Analysis of Functions
GOALS FACTS CONCEPTS NEEDS PROBLEMS
MISSION USER CHARACTERISTICS PRIORITY

SPACE REQUIREMENTS The proximity of other
 To establish tourism hub that will  Tourists will be expected to be  The priority concept of the  There should be a spaces protective services such as
highlight the rich marine life of Donsol adventurous, nature trippers, and to project shall evolve in for recreational and fire and police stations, and
through physical development. adore different activities that are not environmental advocacy, eco- research activities which hospital to the project
 To be able to maximize the eco-tourism available in their respective places. tourism, stimulation of local will be composed of would have a significant
potentials of the municipality of Donsol  As for researchers, it is expected that products and marine life tourists coordinating effect to the operation of
through exposition and interaction they would be provided with a 24-7 research. center, tourists pre and the proposed project.
activities within the propose project. complete laboratory facilities for the post interaction center,
 To establish a research center for the study of priority marine ecosystem in SECURITY hospitality amenities, site
protection and conservation of the fragile the town of Donsol.  To be able to achieve a recreational facilities,
marine ecosystem of the municipality of psychosomatically peaceful and environmental advocacy
Donsol. BEHAVIORAL PATTERN secured environment for facilities, research facilities,
 To establish a base for environmental  Visitor‘s and researcher‘s activity will building occupants by locating local product exposition
advocacies and a center for base on the intended use of physical security facilities not only with facilities, administration

environmental education in the facility. the ins and outs but also within facilities, and operational
municipality.  The initially defined behavior, based visible and regularly occupied support and utilities.
on current facilities includes (1) spaces or amenities within the
DISTINCT IDENTITY arrival, (2) registration, (3) briefing project. PARKING REQUIREMENTS
 To introduce new trends that will that and orientation, (4) interaction  Parking requirements will
will satisfy the needs of researchers and paraphernalia preparation, (5) SEQUENTIAL FLOW be based on the National
tourist through space development interaction, (6) refreshing up, (7)  The sequential flow will depend Building Code of the
planning. souvenir shopping/dining/visiting on the derived behavioral Philippines in relation to
other amenities, (8) departure. pattern of occupants of the accessibility of the users.
SECURITY
Normally tourists look for lodging propose project.
 To ensure the efficiency of security house or a hotel before going to the FUNCTIONAL ALTERNATIVES
system by incorporating technologies interaction center. SPACE ADEQUACY
 There would be a well-
such as close circuit cameras and  Researchers are expected to proceed  Adequacy will base on (1)
landscape open spaces that
intruders alarm system in addition to to LGU/NGO‘s office to coordinate anthropometric consideration,
could ensure flexible
traditional security layout. then lodging and proceed to actual (2) requirements by the law, (3)
development.
research location. Upon the equipment requirements, (4)
EFFICIENCY completion of propose project, it is furnishing, (5) circulatory
 To ensure efficiency in terms of spatial expected that the pattern of action of elements, (6) and most
organization, building form derivation, the researchers are (1) registration, importantly scalar concept.
and utilities as well as circulatory (2) proceed to the quarters, (3) field
disposition through zonal approach of works and sample or specimen ORGANIZATIONAL CONTROL
planning, organizational structure based collection, (4) laboratory works, (5) To be able to achieve an
scheduling, utilization of organic and documentation, (6) submission of efficient operation management,
tropical principles of design, and in copy of research report, (7) a zonal vertical organization
respect to theoretical essence of departure. structure based on activity
circulatory and building utility elements. circuiting and activity control
analysis shall be followed.

b. Activity Circuits Analysis of Major Architectural Spaces or Functions
In the definition of Activity Circuits within major spaces, Bayle‘s System was considered. The derivation of every circuit including its significance
to each other circuits will lead to the delineation of the site zoning, orientation and space juxtaposition; circulatory analysis and over organizational
spaces of functions.
1) Marine Life Interaction Facilities Activity Circuit. This activity circuit describes how the proposed project will primarily serve the foreign and local
tourists who would visit the municipality to witness and observe the richness of marine life ecosystem. This circuit will record the number and
profile of visitors aside from educating them on the richness and importance of Donsol‘s marine ecosystem. This will also provide the necessary
services that would ensure safety, comfort and satisfaction as visitors interacts with Butandings, manta rays, dolphins, coral formations, sharks
and even other endemic saltwater and freshwater fishes and creatures. Hence, this circuit justifies the needs for registration, information or
reservation area; orientation area; shops for paraphernalia rental and distribution; final interaction briefing area; safety inspection area; waiting
area; boat docking; and other post and pre interaction facilities such as dressing rooms, shower rooms and locker area. Figure 11 shows the
diagram of Marine Life Interaction Facilities Activity Circuit.
2) Advocacy Center Activity Circuit. This activity circuit shows the way the advocacy center would function to achieve its purpose. There would be
galleries to showcase the beauty, significance and importance of marine diversity either by displayed photos, posters or write-ups. The
advocacy center will likewise house seminar rooms (lecture rooms) to cater formal lectures on environmental issues and problems. The activity
circuit shows that lobby, inspection and/ or registration area, galleries, offices of non-governmental organizations that promote environmental

protection and galleries which will be supported by amenities such as storages, information area aside from being connected to related activity
circuits. Figure 12 shows the diagram of Advocacy Center Activity Circuit.
E LOCKER/
G L STORAGE
R O
REGISTRATION
E B PARAPHERNALI
/ BOARDING/ FINAL
S B INFORMATION/ ORIENTATION A RENTAL AND
INSPECTIO BRIEFING
DISTRIBUTION
Y RESERVATION N
S
/
I WAITING AUXILL
ARY
SHOWER/ AREA
N DRESSIN
SPACE
S
G G ROOM
R
E DOCKING
S
S OTHER
CIRCUITS INTERACTION
Figure 11. Marine Life Interaction Facilities Activity Circuit Diagram

OTHER INSPECTION/
LOBBY GALLERIES
CIRCUITS BRIEFING
INGRESS/
EGRESS INFORMATION
NGO SEMINAR /
OFFICES LECTURE
HALLS
OTHER
CIRCUITS
Figure 12. Advocacy Center Activity Circuit Diagram

3) Research Center Activity Circuit. The activities in the research center of the proposed project shall house laboratory facilities such as Photo
Documentation Laboratory, Satellite Tagging Facilities, Forensic Laboratory, Plankton Research Facilities, and Water Analysis Research Facilities.
This will also be entwined with lecture rooms as well as NGO offices of the advocacy center activity circuits and will also be readily flexible leading
to field work jump off. Figure13 shows the diagram of research activity circuit.
4) Recreational Facilities Activity Circuit. This circuit describes the flow of activity within the recreational center. There shall be a centralized control
point for the visitors that will be using the amenities. However, to reduce the redundancy of spaces and promote better space grouping and zonal
juxtaposition, visitors would be flexible to connect to other activity circuits that caters rejoining spaces such restaurant, hospitality facilities and
others. Figure 14 shows the activity circuit diagrams of Recreational Facilities.
5) Local Products Exposition Activity Circuit. The diagram marked as figure 15 describes the simple flow of activities within the Local Products
Exposition Activity Circuit. This amenity would simply showcase the local products of the municipality as a way of capitalizing the eco-tourism in
boosting the local manufacturing sector. Thus, it will house the exhibition rooms as well as offices (field, branch or business center) of local product
manufacturer.

OTHER
CIRCUITS SUPPLY FIELD
LABORATORY
LOBBY INFORMATION REGISTRATION LABORATORY
EGRESS/
INGRESS
FOOD FACILITIES
/ OTHER CIRCUITS OTHER
CIRCUITS
(OTHER
CIRCUITS)
OFFICE CONFERENCE/ LECTURE HALLS QUARTERS /
RESEARCH OF OTHER LODGE
OF NGO
PRESENTATION CIRCUITS
HALL
Figure 13. Research Center Activity Circuit

RESTAURANT
LOBBY ENTRANCE BOOTHS/ TICKET
BOOTHS/ RESERVED BOOTHS TS
EQUIPMENT/
OTHER PARAPHERNALIA COTTAGES /
RENTAL KIOSKS/
CIRCUITS
BOOTHS PICNIC AREA
ARRIVAL/
DEPARTURE
OTHER
CIRCUITS
FIELD POOL
Figure 14. Recreational Facilities Activity Circuit

OTHER ACTIVITIES/
OTHER ACTIVITY GALLERY
CIRCUITS
LOBBY/INFO
INGRESS/ LOCAL
EGRESS MANUFACTURER
OFFICES
Figure 15. Local Products Exposition Activity Circuit

c. Organizational Structure in Space Programming
Organizational Structure being one of the main aspects in space planning shall incorporate the zonal vertical pattern system considering that the
proposed project be composed of various groups of activity circuits as function which usually overlap with each other. The structure shall be
composed of a main control circuits (Administration Building) which will oversee the distributed sub-circuits within each amenities. The analysis on
the juxtaposition of sub-circuits control is shown on item F.3.9 of chapter IV.
Considering that the proposed project shall be directly under the local government of Donsol as mandated by Municipal Ordinance No. 99-001,
the general manager, being the head of the whole edifice shall directly be reporting to the local government of Donsol through the Municipal
Mayor. The general manager shall vertically supervise the four administrative areas of the proposed project such as operations; support services;
budget; finance and marketing; and human resource. The Asst. Manager for operations shall have the vertical control to all functional/activity
circuits of the projects such as Marine Life Interaction Facilities, Pre and Post Interaction Facilities, Advocacy Center Facilities, Research Center
Facilities, Hospitality Facilities, Recreational Facilities, Local Product Exposition Center Facilities, Safety and Security Facilities, and Administration
Facilities. The assistant manager for Budget Finance and Marketing shall head the Compliance, Marketing, Treasury, Supply, and Public Relations
and Extensions. The support services shall handle the physical facilities, security and other emergency facilities. The Human Resource shall
independently facilities to support the operations of the three other sub-entities under the general manager. Shown on figure 16 is the proposed
Organizational Structure of the Project.

LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF DONSOL
GENERAL MANAGER
SECRETARY
ASST. MANAGER ASST. MANAGER ASST. MANAGER HUMAN RESOURCE

FOR OPERATIONS FOR SUPPORT FOR BUDGET, OFFICE
SERVICES FINANCE, AND
RESEARCH
MARKETING
HOSPITALITY
FACILITIES CENTER HEAD MACHINES PHYSICAL
HEAD AND FACILITIES INTERNAL MARKETING
EQUIPMENT HEAD AUDIT/COMPLIANCE AND SALES
HEAD OFFICER OFFICER
INTERACTION ADVOCACY
FACILITIES FACILITIES CLINIC AND
HEAD HEAD EMERGENCY TREASURY AND
SECURITY PUBLIC
AND SAFETY RESPONSE COMPTROLLER RELATION
HEAD HEAD AND
PRODUCT RECREATION
EXTENSION
EXPOSITION FACILITIES SUPPLY AND OFFICER
FACILITIES HEAD MATERIAL
HEAD RESOURCE
ANCILLARY OFFICER
FACILITIES
HEAD
Figure 16. Organizational Structure of the Proposed Project

d. Interrelationship Analysis
1) Interrelationship of Main Areas
Figure 17 shows the interrelationship of main group of spaces. This conceptual interrelationship is basically an outcome of a
client centered analysis as usually being based on needs analysis and qualitative analysis of function.
Figure 17. Interrelationship Matrix of Main Areas

In consideration to the character of the project, the diagram suggests a strict need for adjacency of security amenities and
administrative control. It also insinuates the proximity if not adjacency of hospitality facilities including lodging houses or cottages to the
research, recreational and interaction facilities considering that in one way or another, this group of spaces is in support to tourist
facilities. On the other hand, administration building shall be placed in areas with direct access and within the reach of active group of
spaces such as recreational facilities, marine life interaction and advocacy center wherein the essence of the project is anchored.
Administrative facilities shall also be in proximity to safety and security. Research center shall be placed in an area which is somewhat
isolated to the clusters of buildings or spaces that caters high density of occupants to avoid unnecessary intervention.
Further and specifics of matrix analysis are presented on the succeeding sub-topic of this chapter. Philosophy on the origin of
space arrangement shall be presented also.
2) Interrelationship of Sub-areas
a) Local Product Exposition Center Facilities
The spaces of Local Product Exposition Center as defined in the needs analysis shall be arranged in such as way that the
multi-purpose area being need-rejoinder for local product expositions shall be the central core. Other important key areas as
rentable shops and local manufacturers‘ business information center shall be directly accessible to the multipurpose areas. These
two spaces shall also be adjacent to the lobby and shall be designed with normal to monumental scale as a way of articulation to
create an atmosphere of continuous and uniform grandeur. The exposition center management office which will serve as the

operation management control point shall be made adjacent to the main core spaces so as to ensure direct visual and
operational control. Generally, this particular facility suggests a compact or centralized arrangement of spaces. Presented on
figure 18 is the matrix of interrelationship between spaces within Local product Exposition Center Facilities.
Figure 18. Local Product Exposition Center Facilities Matrix Diagram
b) Advocacy Center Facilities
Figure 19 shows the matrix of interrelationship of spaces within advocacy center. The matrix shows that this facility
requires compact arrangement of spaces considering that almost all of the spaces are directly related with each other.
Considering the fact that it has facilities which may cater similar needs with research center, it shall be placed in adjacency
with to this (research center) facility. The advocacy center shall be highlighted with marine life museum being the main core

shall be supported by multi-purpose hall, audio-visual rooms, and office of non-governmental organizations that are
advocating environmental protection and preservation.
Figure 19. Advocacy Center Facilities Matrix Diagram
c) Administration Facilities
Administrative facilities shall have two distinct groups; the distributed spaces within each main functional grouping of
spaces (facilities) and the central administrative spaces. Distributed administrative spaces shall form part (as the control
spaces) of space organization of every main groups of amenities and the main administration building which shall have space
interrelationship matrix as shown on figure 20. The figure further shows that the semi-related relation between assistant
managers and its supplementary spaces; and the direct relations of all assistant managers to the general manager suggest
the possibility of respective linear arrangement. However, as the general manager‘s office requires direct relations among all
assistant managers and its supplementary spaces, then it could be a direct insinuation that the linear arrangement of each

assistant manager‘s lineage should radiate towards it (general manager‘s office). Thus, the spaces within the administration
building may be arranged in radial manner, the general manager‘s office being the focal point.
Figure 20. Administration Facilities Matrix Diagram

d) Hospitality Facilities
In as much as the hospitality facilities shall be designed so as to simulate rural or vernacular living as signified in the
needs analysis process, these group of facilities shall be composed of clustered structures. This will likewise suggest a more
efficient harnessing of natural ventilation which will allow lower energy consumption. Although the hospitality facilities shall be
arranged in parallel to the matrix as shown in figure 21. The matrix shows that there shall have a control point where the visitors
would be oriented about the facilities. This control point would be compose of lobby, information area, registration area, and
reservation office. Hospitality facilities‘ head office, locker rooms, staff lounge and storage rooms would be provided to
supplement the operation of lodging houses and restaurant. To suggest operational and management unity; the restaurant and
lodging houses, although in separate buildings, would be directly accessible through main reception building which will serve as
control point. The two separated groups of amenities would be 10 to 30 meters away from the main reception lobby.
Figure 21. Hospitality Facilities Matrix Diagram

e) Marine Life Interaction Facilities
The Marine Life Interaction Facilities which would cater the registration, briefing and orientation, and training pool for
scuba diving and snorkeling (an option for visitors who would wish to do other marine life attraction interactions and adventure)
shall have a linear space arrangement considering the presented matrix on figure 22. This facility shall serve as the ante-area for
pre-and-post interaction facilities. As the main areas are in linear, the supplemental areas such as facility in-charge‘s office,
employees‘ facilities and others shall be compacted and oriented towards lobby and would be excluded in the linear path of
circulation.
Figure 22. Marine Life Interaction Facilities Matrix Diagram

f) Pre – Post Marine Life Interaction Facilities
The relationship of spaces within Pre and Post Marine Life Interaction Facilities as clearly shown in figure 23 suggest a
possibility of considering linear arrangement of spaces. As the spaces cater a system or process, the need to juxtapose the
spaces along a linear path of circulatory elements which will start from the lobby towards the board boarding area shall be a
major consideration. This facility being supplementary shall be directly adjacent to main facility that it augments, the Marine
Life Interaction Facilities. In this particular facility, the process would start from the lobby wherein visitors who have
undergone the processes in the Marine Life Interaction facilities shall be received and be given instruction or information on
the next processes. Directly related to the information area and the lobby is the Paraphernalia and Life Saving Device Rental
and Distribution area where visitors will pick up their sets of equipment that will be use for the marine life interaction before
proceeding to the next adjacent spaces which is the boarding inspection area and boat boarding dock. The supplemental
spaces in these particular facilities are life saving device equipment storage and sanitation area, and the shower rooms and
locker/dressing rooms which shall all have a direct access from Paraphernalia and Life Saving Device Rental and Distribution
area. Comfort rooms and Waiting area shall also be provided for the convenience of the visitors. Facility Supervisor‘s Offices
would be a provided to serve as control point the operation of the facility.

Figure 23. Pre and Post Marine Life Interaction Facilities Matrix Diagram
g) Research Center Facilities
The interrelationship matrix of the Research Center as shown of figure 24 suggests that the laboratory facilities such as
photo identification and documentation, satellite tagging, forensic, plankton density analysis, and water quality analysis shall be
oriented towards control points of the center which includes information and operation in-charge‘s office. Supplemental areas

such as supply room, tool or equipment room, wash-up room, central storage, specimen storage, chemical storage, and
researchers‘ and staffs‘ locker shall all be related to the laboratory spaces and shall be oriented to the control points. Public
restriction on laboratory facilities shall be a prime consideration in the juxtaposition of the laboratory spaces.
Figure 24. Research Center Facilities Matrix Diagram
h) Recreational Facilities
The recreational facilities in relation to the geographical set up of the project site shall be arranged and grouped in two
clusters, the manmade recreational facilities, the freshwater and the sea water activity amenities. Figure 25 show the groupings
and matrix of each clusters‘ spaces as defined.

The manmade recreational facilities which would be composed of recreational swimming pools which will be supported
kiosks, picnic areas, recreational walking area. Other simple semi-indoor entertainment shall also be provided to enhance the
recreation atmosphere. Furthermore, this area shall be adjacent to marine life interaction and hospitality facilities as shown in
figure 17 to support the livability and hospitality value of the said two facilities.
Majority of the freshwater activities shall be dependent on the 100 meter-wide Donsol River, thus the building shall only
be composed of control points such as in-charge‘s workstation, registration and briefing area. The building shall also house the
supplemental spaces such as shower room, storage, waiting area and paraphernalia distribution area. Boat docking area shall
also be provided. The arrangement of spaces as dictated by the systems/ processes of operation as verified by the matrix shall
be linear.
On the other hand, the seawater amenities shall also be dependent on Burias Pass. Simple control facilities similar to that
of freshwater shall also be provided.

Figure 25. Recreational Facilities Matrix Diagram
i) Safety and Security Facilities
The security facilities shall be distributed in important areas such as entrance, public parking, access to Donsol River,
beach front, and in every main facility. This shall be supported by patrolling security personnel. The main security building
whose space matrix is as shown in Figure 26 shall serve as the central security command post. Spaces shall include security
head‘s office, radio control room, cctv monitoring room, siren control room, armory, security personnel quarters, visitors‘
concern desk, and paging system.

The safety facilities shall also be distributed within the site. There shall be watch tower in every seventy-five meters of
beach and river front; a viewing deck that will serve as an inland monitoring point for marine life interacting visitors aside
from possible telescope observation deck for Butandings‘ offshore silhouette. The main safety building which would be duilt
adjacent or attached to the security office shall be composed of spaces such as clinic, safety officers‘ office, safety personnel
quarter and lounge, and safety gadgets and equipment storage. Matrix of interrelationship of spaces within safety facilities is
shown in Figure 26.
Figure 26. Safety and Security Facilities

e. Site Zoning, Orientation, Space Juxtaposition and Site Allotment
The project site for the proposed Donsol Marine Life Exposition and Research Center which is a 9-hectare land is flexible for development in
reference to the revised Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) specifically Rules 7 and 8 of PD 1096 or National Building Code (NBC). In the
absence of precise explanation or exact provisions on complex development since the code most of the time refer to ―a building‖ as it talks about
occupancy, footprints, easements and others; the justification as to the project would surely comply to the provisions of the code shall be based on
the efficient sizing of spaces and proficient building juxtaposition.
It shall be a strict point in planning this project that if there would be an assumed demarcation between buildings (of organized functional
zoning) or an imaginary subdivision of project site for each buildings (per occupancy type) so as to validate the compliance to Rule 7 and 8 of the
IRR of NBC, the proposed development would surely be conforming since the building footprints shall be ensured to be not more than 20% in
relation to the size of the lot. With this, the requirement for setbacks, open areas, lights and ventilation shall be satisfied.
On the aspect of building height, as per Table VII.2 of Section 707, building heights limit for parks and open recreational spaces should not be
more than 15 meters. The requirements or standard building height for parks and open recreational and entertainment spaces was used due to the
fact that it is the strictest among the building occupancy group.
It shall also be ensured that the project would follow the 5.00m prescribed easement for bodies of water in an urban area (since the project site
is within the urban area and in within the tourism zone of Donsol) as stipulated in Table VIII.G.1 of Section 811 of the National Building Code.

Figure 27. Site Zoning

f. Circulatory Analysis
As it is being dictated by space interrelationship, activity circuits, site orientation and space juxtaposition; the group of occupants which shall
be served by the circulatory systems would be the clienteles, purveyors and the employees.
The physical character of the lot being a slim parcel of land of which the only possible access point is located at one end, suggest that the
site may consider two parallel main roadway circulation elements with series of perpendicular sub-roadway circulation elements. This main and sub-
roadway elements shall serve the three group of occupants. However, it shall be ensured that there would be strong kinesthetic and biogenic
control on purveyors so as not to interfere with the clienteles. The site circulation conveyor shall also be controlling the clienteles so as not to
ending up roaming in areas exclusively for employees. Some perpendicular sub-conveyors to shall be one-way traffic for vehicles to further ensure
systematic flow of movements. To ensure immediate and faster flow of traffic during emergency, the one-way road shall be flexibly design to cater
two-way flow. This will likewise, ensure flexibility if there would be changes in internal (in-site) vehicular traffic regulations. Figure 28 shows the
diagram of the conceptual arrangement of the main circulation elements (main roadways) with the perpendicular sub-roadways.
Employees shall pass through one entrance and exit point only where the bandy clock would be placed. Employees may utilize the sidewalks
along roadways (main and sub) in going to their respective works station. Employees who are assigned to clerical works would go directly to their
respective workspace while employees in fieldworks may pass through an intended pre-work preparation spaces such as locker, dressing and
shower rooms before proceeding to their fieldwork spaces.

All clienteles may have the freedom to roam around various facilities through the sidewalks of roadways like other similar facilities in various
places of the country. However, in terms of security; there would be checking areas in every point of entry on each major facility. Figure 28 shows
the conceptual circulation pattern of clienteles.
Purveyors which include delivery vans/ trucks; security and emergency vehicles and equipment; and other service utilities may likewise use
the roadways. However, there are stand-by areas which would be exclusive for these facilities.
Boats for interaction shall be confined in a specific docking area to ensure the safety of those who would venture marine interaction
activities. The facility would also provide repair docks for the repair of damaged boats.
g. Juxtaposition of Control Spaces
The control spaces in each facility would be managed by different administration sentries that would have a direct access to the main
administration of proposed project. All control points or areas shall be directly proportional to the proposed organizational set-up of the project.
Control points shall be deemed necessary to ensure ―operational familiarity‖ or ultimate care and outright support to clienteles; to directly response
to purveyors who would surely want an immediate ingress and egress; and to directly secure an established command networking and protocol for
efficient transfer of mandates and immediate relay of concerns between each organizational ranks. The red dots shown on figure 27 shows the
conceptual location of control spaces in each group or cluster of spaces within the proposed project.

Figure 28. Site Circulation
h. Articulation of Spaces
To maximize the capability of each spaces both exterior and interior spaces, the concept of green and sustainable architecture; and passive
design should be maximize. The maximum use of cross-ventilation and proper orientation of buildings would greatly affect the performance of each
building instead of using technologies for active cooling. The concept of green and sustainable architecture would help to maximize potential of the

surrounding environment. Furthermore, the concept of green design would dictate efficient way to produce and save energy which would be apply
to every facilities of the proposed project.
i. Structural System and Construction Conceptualization
The project in respect to its geographical condition shall use mainly high density galvanized steel structural shapes coated with an anti-
rust polymeric paints as main structural system. This will enable to ensure faster construction period and lighter building weight which will
lessen the need for pile or micro-pile foundation. The high density galvanization of the steel as well as the anti-rust polymeric paint will ensure
that the effect of corrosion would be controlled if not minimized to the least effect. The substructures would be mainly concrete while other
entities of the buildings such as walls, railings and partitions would mainly be pre-fabricated concrete panels. The building envelope particularly
the roofs and other claddings would be of PVC coated polyester high density yarn to lessen the effect of saline sea breeze. To protect the
project site from coastal erosion, cast in place sea walls shall over precast concrete piles shall be provided.
In general, the project would be of light to moderate in term of construction process and primarily of combined concrete and rust
protected steel construction.
j. Special Lighting Articulation and Conceptualization
To be able to achieve energy efficiency, the building interiors shall predominantly utilize the natural daylight through large glazing and
openings along North and South directions; skylight lights and even unclosed but roofed assembly spaces if there would be opportunity.

Interiors shall be painted with light colors to lessen the need for artificial lighting. During night time, all main structures shall be lighted with low
wattage flood lights. These flood lights shall be energized by the solar power collecting panels during day time which would be attached on the
roofs of larger buildings. There would as well be exterior (direct and indirect) low wattage exterior lightings to enhance the landscape at night
which would be powered by slow-turning windmills or wind catchers during times wherein southwest monsoon is prevailing. Individual solar
powered street lights shall be provided to maximize the solar energy potential of the place. All exterior lighting facilities shall be provided with
electronic sensors to further boost energy conservation. As the possibility of harnessing the alternative energy sources would be maximized, the
project would still be utilizing the service of the local electric distributor, the Sorsogon Electric Cooperative (SORECO).
k. Sanitary System Conceptualization
The edifice as it promotes environmental protection shall be sensitive to the possible negative environmental impact of its actual operation.
The project itself shall be also deemed as a model in the aspect of sanitary system facilities and management.
The project shall consider gray and storm water collection and treatment to sustain the need for constant maintenance of landscape entities
aside from reusing it to supply majority if not all water closets. There shall be solid waste segregation system within the building which will be
supported by sufficient physical facilities and structures such as waste segregation and recovery area, composting area, and residual waste
temporary handling and pre-hauling area. All recyclable wastes shall be auctioned or sold while biodegradable shall be composted to sustain the
maintenance of the plants within the project. Other or portion of residual waste shall be considered in the process of creating building materials
specifically blocks (as aggregate) if there is a need for physical facilities maintenance, repair, expansion and even redevelopment. The project shall

likewise consider the solidification process of the very little chemical waste that the research center may produce to avoid it from flowing on water
bodies. The solidified waste shall be disposed in accordance with the prevailing environmental laws.
The project site shall also consider the organic methods of controlling insects and pests that may inhabit within the site by considering
the usage of endemic and vernacular insect repelling plants. It shall also consider the assurance of proper drainage and immediate leaching of
storm water naturally by limiting the extent of pavements.
l. Electronics and Signals System
The project shall be utilizing the modern and efficient ways of signal systems. To limit the usage of wires, cables, conduits, pipes and
other materials for economic and environmental purposes, it shall consider internet based and wireless time reference devices, telephone and
other communication systems. All street lights shall be provided with electronic sensor switches to ensure efficiency. Communication system and
security checking shall be utilizing electronics gadgets and equipment to ensure efficiency. All signal systems shall also comply with Republic Act
9292, otherwise known as Electronic Engineering Law to further ensure efficiency.
m. Landscape Improvement Concept
The hardscape entities of the project‘s landscape improvement shall be of vernacular type, form and style. It shall utilize rocks,
driftwood, and even sets of street furniture that is common or available in local markets. In terms of softscape entities, the project shall utilize
endemic or vernacular plants. Trees such as ilang-ilang, berba, malig-ang (balig-ang), kamagong, talisay, acacia, coconut, agoho, pili and

others shall be utilized to cover the site as a way reducing the maintenance cost aside from showcasing the endemic trees within the place.
Ornamental plants such as sampaguita, rosal, gumamela, native rose, espada, santan, mayana and others shall also be utilized. In terms of
other site entities such as water marvels, all setting would be tropical in motif. No ―artificially-looking‖ fountains and ponds shall be built.
2. Qualitative Analysis of Building Form
This particular topic shall discuss the conceptualization and contextualization of the form or motif of the project. Furthermore, in this segment,
the process, philosophy and execution on how the general motif and the operational evolution and tenacity of form are being disclosed.
Presented on table 4 is the qualitative analysis of form that would dictate the characteristics and pattern or motif of different edifices within the
proposed project based on various aspects or considerations. The extensive goals in the determination of form of the project is to crop up with a form
that will depict the aspirations of the people which is to see a modern and progressive town which shall be represented by the contemporary form of
the project;; and insightful of the goals and objectives of the proposed project aside from coming up with a form that is organically harmonious with
the project location. Considering the gently rolling hills in the background, greeneries on the midground, and the rhythmic waves on the foreground,
the form shall be a contemporary that would possess free flowing rhythmic pattern, natural earth colors, and foliage reflecting glasses. The form shall
also give respect to proper solar and prevailing wind orientation to maximize the gentle breeze of ―amihan‖ from December to June and avoid the
gustiness of harsh ―habagat‖ from July to November. The frequent visit of typhoon and the challenge of sea breeze shall also be a big consideration
aside from the choice of available materials.

Table 4
Qualitative Analysis of Forms
GOALS FACTS CONCEPTS NEEDS PROBLEMS
EXTENSIVE GOAL SITE ANALYSIS CHARACTER MATERIALS

ENVIRONMENTAL AND
 To crop up with a form that is reflective of  The site is relatively flat with moderately  The proposed project will  The availability of
SITE FACTORS
the aspirations of the town; geographical sloping with range of 0-3%. present a vernacular and materials or technology
order or pattern of the site periphery; and  The site is adjacent to Burias Pass and organic assimilation of the  The frequent typhoon to support some
insightful of the goals and objectives of the Donsol River. Burias pass is a calm body peripheral shapes, shades, visit in the place is a specialized construction
proposed project. of water from December to June and colors and forms. great factor to extensive within the project.
 To come up with a form that is organically moderately rough from July to form and material design.
harmonious with the project location. November while Donsol River is a one CLIMATE CONTROL
hundred meter wide gentle river.  Efficient control using natural  The influence of sea
SITE ELEMENTS  Gently rolling green hills backdrops the growth such as trees and breeze to materials is a
 To come up with a form that will not site as viewed from the sea. plants shall be incorporated big consideration.
sacrifice the majority if not all of the  Lush green mangrove forests covered within the site.
vegetation or natural cover of the site. the banks of Donsol River which is  Water marvels such as
 To come up with a form that would further adjacent to the lot. fountains, reflecting pool, and
promote the existence of wildlife in the site artificial waterfalls as an
if there is several. alternative way of controlling
temperature aside from
CLIMATE ANALYSIS
 To achieve a form that will utilize the suggesting good view.
affected site vegetation as well as the  The site has the characteristics of a type
materials present as a way of promoting II climate which has no dry season and
ORIENTATION
philosophical utilization of raw materials. pronounced maximum rainy season.
 The prevailing wind during

 The site is affected by northeast December to May every year
EFFICIENT LAND USE monsoon December to May that gives could be use positively for the
better weather condition and by proposed project. However,
 To be able to come up with a form that
southwest monsoon from June to there is a need for cautious
would promote proper zonal and spatial
November. consideration of the opposite
juxtaposition and avoid land or space
prevailing wind (―habagat‖)
wasted.
PSYCHOSOMATIC CHARACTER from June to November due to
 The site suggest relaxing and calm its gustiness.
FORM IDENTITY
atmosphere with its lush green  The solar path would also be
environment and the presence of considered.
 To come up with a contemporary building
captivating water of Burias Pass as
form that would possess free flowing
usually highlighted by a scenic sunset.
rhythmic pattern, natural earth colors, and
foliage reflecting glasses that would match
up with the site‘s major elements.
BUILDING EFFIECIENCY
PROJECTED IMAGE
 The maximization and utilization the
natural view, light, and air within the
 Energy efficient and organically designed
site is a possibility.
building harnessing and maximizing the
 The size of the lot suggests spatial
setting of the project site.
development flexibility.
 The form would be an icon that would
graphically epitomize the modern
municipality of Donsol.

a. The General Form
The general motif of form shall be contemporary or modern. This is a way of depicting the aspirations of the people of Donsol to live in
a modern and progressive town.
The contemporary form shall indexically depict the ―contextual elements‖ in epitomizing the project. Considering that the project exhibits
the rich marine life resources of the Municipality of Donsol aside from the fact that it would be constructed along the town‘s beach front, the
main motif of form would be water or sea which will be depicted by a waving or rippling form which will be accentuated by iconic forms of
whale sharks, corals and fishes. The waving blue configuration shall suggest the ―organism‖ of the project to its immediate environment.
However, the term modern shall not be construed that the usual or traditional form or motif will not be considered. Despite the utilization of
contemporary form, the usual intangible Filipino concept and character particularly in the aspect of openness, flexibility and space transparency
that usually highlight a Filipino form shall be a great consideration.
On the other hand, the aspect of considering energy efficiency shall likely be expected to share influence to the configuration of the
project. The maximization of natural light and air will surely be visible in the process of fenestration. Thus, one may observe the presence of
clerestory, skylights and cross ventilation. However, it shall be ensured that these elements would be incorporated as well to enhance aesthetic
quality.
Furthermore, traditional materials within the area such as bamboo, volcanic stones and other bamboo based product shall enhance
building interiors. This would serve as the biogenic and kinesthetic buffer so as not to create an alienating feeling for the townsfolk.

b. Operational Evolution and Tenacity of Forms
To operationalize the harmony of the building to the elements within the geographical setting of the site; the project shall utilize the
major buildings shall have a volume which is predominantly ―waving or rippling‖ to organically depict the element of water. To maintain the
tenacity of the organic approach, the building shall mainly be in blue and shall be predominantly glazed. Furthermore, another principal color
which shall be utilized is green which as a way of literally representation of ―land‖ as blue is to water. In this manner, the green shall serve as
the transition point that will unify the organic representation of natural elements within the project site.
The major buildings shall have large predominant fenestrations and clear glazing to borrow and bring the green landscape to the interior
of each building aside from maximizing the natural air and light.
The building interiors shall be utilizing vernacular materials such as sawali, bamboo, volcanic rocks, sandstone and other native materials
within the site aside from utilizing the local plants as indoor ornaments. In this manner, the interior shall promote the local architectural pattern
of building interiors within the town; thus, avoiding alienating atmosphere for the local folks.
Ancillary or accessoria buildings shall follow the form of major buildings for consistency. However, to avoid the possibility of seizing the
architectural focus to the major buildings, the masses, directions and heights of ancillary buildings shall be constricted to ―minor‖ level. Ancillary
buildings shall be placed in areas which will not hinder the frontal view of the major buildings.
In this manner, the buildings shall serve as the epitome of the aspirations of Donsol. This shall also be main landmark of the town which
will serve as ―building form ambassador‖ of the town similar to the significance of Magellan‘s Cross; Manila City Hall, First Rizal Monument,
Ancestral Houses, and San Juanico Bridge in Cebu, Manila, Daet, Vigan and Samar-Leyte respectively.

3. Quantitative Space Analysis
a. Quantification of Major Spaces
In this particular section, the process and philosophy on the quantification of each space is being presented. Although, as usual as in
architectural practice, most of the quantity of spaces was derived based on rule of thumb and relative to space design consequence; most of the
quantity of architectural spaces within each major functional grouping were derived in response to various affecting contexts.
Presented on Table 5 is the process of space quantification based on various architectural references, building laws, related projects and
personal architectural concepts. This table purposely explains the philosophy or idea behind the units of a certain spaces of the proposed Donsol
Marine life Exposition and research Center.
Table 5
The Quantification of Major Spaces
Functional
SPACES QUANTITY PHILOSOPHY/ RATIONALE
Grouping
Lobby 1
EXPOSITION CENTER
Lounge 1 This group of spaces which will cater the need of local product manufacturers, for them to be given due chance of
LOCAL PRODUCT
Business Information Center capitalizing the renowned ecotourism of the town. In this functional grouping, as described by the interrelationship
(Sales Office/ Display Center of matrix as best to be arranged in a compact manner, an entrance lobby, a lounge and a multipurpose area is precisely
10 reasonable enough.
Local Industry Entities/ Rentable
The rentable office spaces for the local product manufacturers shall be ten (10) slots as explained in the needs
Shops for Local Manufacturers)
analysis. To be able to give way to possible increase in number, the building shall be designed so as to flexibly give
Storage Rooms 7

Multipurpose Area 1 chance for expansion.

There shall be an office to directly control the activities and function of the local product exposition center.
1
Local Product Exposition Center
3 sets of comfort room shall be provided, a set for public use, a set for local manufacturer’s office and a set for the
Administration Office center administration office.
Comfort Rooms 3
Lobby 1
Museum Gallery 1 The advocacy center shall be provided with a gallery which will be housing primarily the timeline of the struggle of
Butanding to survive in the waters of Donsol and the culture and impression change and development (from negative
Storage Area 2
to positive) of the people of Donsol towards the gentle giants. Since the focus is basically historical, the museum
Receiving and Documentation
gallery shall only be a single particular space.
Area for Museum artifacts
There shall be
(including exhibit preparation
The library, audio-visual room, multipurpose hall, advocacy center management office, reservation office and
ADVOCACY CENTER
area)
registration area as a rule of thumb shall all be in single unit.
Audio Visual Room 1 Since the theme of the museum would be holding single and simple exhibition, the receiving, documentation,
Library 1 preparation and restoration of display items or artifacts shall be combined in one single architectural space.
Multipurpose Hall 1 There shall be a set of comfort rooms for public and a set for office.
Offices of Non-government and There shall be two storage areas; one will be placed adjacent to the gallery and the other one would serve as a
Educational Institutions or 3 general store room for the whole advocacy center.
Agencies There three currently two operating Nongovernmental Organizations (NGO’s) and educational institutions within the
Registration Area 1 municipality that are conducting advocacy campaign for the preservation of environmental resource of the town.
Advocacy Center Management These three entities such as Bicol University College of Fisheries (Tabaco City Campus), WWF and Bantay Kalikasan
1 shall be having its own field office within the proposed project. The area were the offices would be placed would be
Office
designed and arranged flexibly so as to give way to sudden expansion.
Reservation Office 1

Comfort Rooms 2
General Manager‘s Office 1
Asst. Manager for Operations
1 The administration facility spaces shall be directly based on the proposed organizational structure.
Office
Asst. Manager for Support
1 There shall be an office for the general managers; and respective offices for the three assistant managers.
Services Office
Asst. Manager for Budget,
1 Departments under the three assistant general managers shall have distinct spaces which shall be supported by a
Finance, and Marketing Office
ADMINISTRATION FACILITIES
clerical area.
Human Resource Office 1
Internal Audit Office 1
There shall be a conference room, records room which shall be adjacent to the clerical areas, a lounge for the
Treasury and Comptroller Office 1
Marketing Sales Office 1 employees, and divided locker room for men and women which shall be supported by shower and comfort room.
Public Relation and Extension

1 There shall be an entrance lobby and a place where visitors could lounge/ wait.
Office
Conference Rooms 1
There shall also be a set of public restrooms near the lobby.
Record Rooms 5
Lounge 1
Record rooms shall be five units to serve the 5 departments.
Locker and Shower Rooms 2
Waiting Areas 1
Lobby 1
Comfort Rooms 2

Lobby 1 The hospitality facilities as it will be arranged in clustered manner shall have one control point which shall be housing
Information Area 1 the lobby, the reservation office, the hospitality facilities office of the head, the information booth, the staff lounge and
HOSPITALITY FACILITIES lockers, and the cashier and reservation office based on rule of thumb. Such spaces are all in single unit.
Cashier and Reservation Office 1
There shall be 30 lodging houses which will be arranged in a simple neighborhood cluster. The number of units is
Hospitality Facilities Head Office 1
based on the figures presented in the needs analysis of this study.
Locker Rooms 2
There shall be one restaurant which will support the operation of the hospitality facilities.
Staff Lounge 1
There shall be 5 storage rooms which shall serve as general storage, linen storage, furniture and fixture storage,
Comfort Rooms 2
supply storage, and equipment storage.
Lodging Houses 30 There shall be 2 sets of public comfort room; one which shall be located near the lobby and one near the restaurant.
Restaurant 1 All lodging houses shall have respective comfort rooms.
Storage Rooms 5
Registration Area 1
Waiting Area 1
MARINE LIFE INTERACTION FACILITIES
This particular functional grouping as it will cater a speedy and time-uniformly queued system or flow of activities and
Briefing and Orientation Room 1
as it will be utilizing a linear arrangement of spaces; shall be having one architectural space per defined post except
Storage Room 1
for the comfort rooms which would be in two sets: one will be placed within the lobby to serve the public while the
Information Area 1
other set would be placed within the interaction in-charge office.
Interaction Facilities Operation
1
Office There shall be a training pool that would support the operation of the interaction facilities by offering scuba diving
Marine Life Interaction Facilities training to visitors.
1
Head Office
Training Pool 1
Comfort Room 2
Lobby 1

Paraphernalia and Life Saving

Device Rental and Distribution 1
PRE AND POST MARINE LIFE INTERACTION FACILITIES
This functional grouping which shall be the initial stage prior to the interaction facilities shall likewise be housing a
Area
uniform queued or flow of activities. Thus, the uniformity of time in that the visitors would be staying in information and
Paraphernalia and Life Saving
1 registration office; paraphernalia, and life saving device rental and distribution area; and boarding inspection room
Device Equipment Storage
suggest that a single space for each post may already be efficient.
Paraphernalia Sanitation Room 1
Boarding Inspection Area 1 The boarding dock which shall be designed to cater 7 slots for interaction boats was based on the maximum number
Boat Boarding Dock 7 of interacting vessels at a time as mandated by the Local government of Donsol in consultation to the marine biologist
Shower Rooms 2 experts.
Locker and Dressing Rooms 2

There shall be two shower areas with 6 of cubicles (one for gentlemen and another for ladies) to ensure better
Information and Registration
1 efficiency.
Office
Waiting Area 1 There shall be separate locker and dressing rooms for ladies and for men. Each locker room shall have 66 units or
Comfort Rooms 2 slots of lockers and 6 number of dressing cubicles for efficiency.
Head Office 1
Lobby 1
Conference Room 1
FACILITIES
RESEARCH
CENTER
Library 1 The research center facilities shall have a single unit per laboratory spaces such as photo identification and
Staff Lounge Area 1 documentation, satellite tagging, forensic, plankton analysis, and water analysis. This derive number was based on
Paper Presentation Room 1

Information Area 1 the current and planned operating tests, experiments and monitoring systems in relation to marine life preservation
and conservation. This was likewise based on related projects and studies which suggest that a unit of the said
Photo Identification and
1 spaces will be efficient enough considering that the number of visiting researchers (as being experienced in other
Documentation Laboratory
reviewed related projects) is within the minimum figure. The fact that the priority consideration on the establishment of
Satellite Tagging Laboratory 1 this laboratory is for the preservation of the town’s diverse marine ecosystem, such number may already be
Forensic Laboratory 1 philosophical.
Plankton Research Laboratory 1
For security and safety reasons, there shall only be a single entrance/ exit (this shall exclude the emergency exits) to
Water Analysis Research
1 the facility; thus, an entrance lobby with a single registration or information area shall be provided.
Laboratory
Lobby 1 There shall be two sets of comfort rooms; one set shall be placed within the lobby and the other set would be placed
Comfort Room 2 within the laboratory facilities. Shower and Locker rooms for men and women shall also be provided to serve the
Marine Life Research Facilities researchers which would sometime perform messy experiments or laboratory procedures.
1
Head Office
Security Room 1
Locker and Shower Rooms 2
Billiard Hall 1
Reservation Area 1
The recreational facilities which shall serve as alternative attraction during lean month shall have a control area which
RECREATIONAL
Registration Area 1
FACILITIES
shall be composed of an office for recreational facility head, a reservation, information, and a registration area. These
Information Area 1
spaces shall be placed adjacent to the single entrance lobby and to the support facilities for staff such as shower
Staff Lounge 1
room and lockers. The number of units of these areas was based on rule of thumb in architectural design.
Storage Rooms 1
Locker Rooms 1 There shall be kiosks, watch towers and view decks which shall be distributed within the periphery of recreational

Shower Room 2 facilities to keep an eye on the safety and security of the clienteles.
Water Sport Facilities
2 There shall be two control points for water sports facilities. These are seawater sport station and fresh water station
(Freshwater and Seawater)
which shall serve as the preparation for and wrapping after moving on seawater and fresh water sports such as
Waiting Areas 1
kayaking, freshwater diving, white water rafting, rowing, wind surfing, and others.
Lobby 1
Comfort rooms 2 There shall be a swimming pool for those who prefer to swim on freshwater.
Recreational Facilities Head
1
Office
Butanding-shaped Recreational
1
Swimming Pool
Security Office 1
There shall be a main security and safety center which will serve as the command post for the field security posts and
Clinic 1 personnel. This security post shall also be the place of the project’s infirmary or clinic which shall have 5-slot
SAFETY AND SECURITY FACILITIES
Guards‘ quarter 3 emergency treatment area.

Close circuit camera monitoring The guard’s quarter shall have three rooms which will be having 27-bed spaces. The composition was based on the
1
room general security deployment planning parameters such as 1 personnel per 1,000 square meters of total building
Armory/ Gun and ammunition footprint (10 guards); 2 personnel per main gate entrance (4 guards); a guard per entrance of buildings with more
1 than 1,500 square meters of building footprints (4 guards); a guard per 10,000 square meters of lot to be secured (9
storage
guards).
Communication Room 1
There shall one unit each of CCTV Room, Central Observation Tower and Communication Room to constantly
Armored Vehicle Parking slot 1
monitor the security within the periphery.
Ambulance Parking 1 Armory/ Gun and Ammunition Storage and general shall also be provided.
Central Observation Tower 4 There shall also have one parking space for each Armored and Ambulance vehicles.

b. Sizing of Spaces
Presented on tables 6.1 to 6.9 is the output summary of the process of determining the sizes of various grouping of spaces. This method was
heavily based on the Bayle‘s Concept that space sizes is directly proportional to the sum of space for occupant behavior (activity), area covered by
furniture as specified by the designer, circulation elements, and clearances; all in reference to anthropometry and ergonomics. Building laws and
industry requirements were as well incorporated. Furthermore, the philosophy of graphical module modeling as to users, activities and furniture
requirement including clearances were incorporated to define the most logical size of space.
The ―type of users‖ column depicts whether the occupant or users of spaces are private (office personnel); public (tourists) and purveyors
(supply delivery and outsourced resources). The approximate number user at a certain time (average number of users per hour plus percentage of
increment for peak hours) is the defined basis of size computation in reference to the statistical figures and derived or analyzed data. The column for
activities presents the different function (rejoinder) within the space to visualize the conceptual scenario within the space. The area allotment columns
show the prearranged area for operating space per occupant; space for furniture; and clearances (which normally follows a 10%-15% of operating
space per occupant). Also included on the table is the column for philosophy of derivations which explains the rationale or basis on how the space
sizing was done.
The derived size of space (Total Suggestive Space) shall be the basis of actual planning. The computed figure shall not necessarily be the exact
and actual size of the space but would be considered as the standard area or the ―minima‖ as a way of ensuring the utmost function of the space. In
plan, space may be in some case larger than the computed figure due to influence of structural systems, utility systems, ventilation and other

parameters. However, for the sake of economy; it shall be observed that the space in the actual plan shall not be more than 15% of the computed
space
Table 6.1
Sizing Analysis of Spaces within Local Product Exposition Center Facilities
Area Allotment
Approximate Total
(in square meters)
Type of number of Suggestive
SPACES Activities Operating Philosophy/ Rationale
users users at a Space for Space (in
Space and sq. meter)
certain time Furniture
Clearances
Exposition/ Exhibit
1.40 sq meters per person (40% furniture+60%
Assembly
Multi-Purpose Area Public 150 125 85 210 occupant‘s area / clearances shall be 10%-15%
Conferences/ Meetings
of the operating space area)
64.05 per units
(AR-HB, p.338)
Public 15 per
Merchandise Selling,
Rentable Shops (10 stalls) and shop at a 40 20 60 0.74 sq. m per person (including aisles) for
Displaying and Storing
Purveyors time mezzanine floor
(TS-BT, p.880)
Storing
Merchandise and removal
Storage rooms Private na 35 45 70 30% of multi-purpose area
from crate and packing
Lounging and 1.4 sq.m / person

Lobby Public 50 70 30 100
Assembling +30% space articulation
Clerical Works 6.04 sq.m per work station
Office all 10 50 30 80
Business (TS-SP, p.1106)
10 per Grooming, Washing, Health 15 Water Closet: 1: 1-15 for male; 1:1-15 for
Public Restroom all - -
room Breaks (total 30) female);Urinals: 1:1-100 and Lavatories: 1:1-

200 for male & female

(R.A. 1378)
Table 6.2
Sizing Analysis of Spaces within Advocacy Center
Area Allotment
Approximate Total
(in square meters)
Clearances
1.40 sq. m per visitor
Lounging and (B.P. 344)
Lobby Public 75 125 50 175
Assembling + 30% articulation space
Exposition/ Exhibit
Assembly
Multi-Purpose Hall Public 120 1500 100 250 (B.P. 344)
Conferences/ Meetings
+ 30% articulation space
Storing Furniture,
equipment and utility
Storage Area Private 3 31 19 50 20% of total floor area (Multi-Purpose hall)
entities
Water Closet: 1: 1-15 for male; 1:1-15 for

female);Urinals: 1:1-100 and Lavatories: 1:1-200
10 per Grooming, Washing, Health
Public Comfort Room All - - for male & female
room Breaks
(R.A. 1378)
Marine Life Museum

Permanent Marine Life Exposition/ Exhibit
Public 100 285 190 475 (B.P. 344)
Galleries

58% of total floor area

(AR-HB, p.265)
+ 1.4 sq.m/person
(NBC) + space for museum items
19% of total floor area

(AR-HB, p.265)
Storing and Periodic
Artifact Storage Private 3 30 70 100
Checking 6.04 sq.m per work station
(TS-SP, p.1106)
Furniture and Shelves

Private 1 Storing 10 15 25
Storage
Private
Pre-checking and 6.04 sq.m per work station
Artifact Receiving Area and 1 5 3 8
Unpacking (TS-SP, p.1106)
Purveyors
Cleaning, Documentation,
Preparation,
Restoration, Equipment 6.04 sq.m per work station
Documentation, Private 5 20 10 30
Handling, Painting, (TS-SP, p.1106)
Restoration Area
Recording, Clerical Works
Office Works and Visitor 6.04 sq.m per work station
Curator‘s Office All 6 23 16 38
receiving (TS-SP, p.1106)
4.5 – 5.6 sq.m/workplace
Carpentry Area Private 5 Carpentry and Repair Works 15 10 25
(AR-HB, p.63)
Lounging, Resting, 1.4 sq.m/person
Staff‘s Lounge Private 30 30 13 43
Relaxation (NBC)
Grooming, Washing, Health Modular standard
Staff‘s Comfort Room Private 2 7
Breaks (PDH, p.51)
6.04 sq.m per work station
Recording,
(TS-SP, p.1106)
CCTV Room Private 1 Watching/Monitoring, 3 3 6
Modular Planning
Clerical Works
(TS-SP)
Utility Room (Mechanical Private 2 Utility Control 10

and Electrical Room

Audio Visual Room
Equipment Operating
Projection and Equipment
Private 2 (Cleaning, Fixing, Checking, 11 10% of the expectation space
Room
etc)
0.65 sq.m/ occupant
Audio Visual Space all 70 Watching 66 44 110
(p.d 1096)
Offices
Field Office of NGO‘s and
Rentable office spaces of
Organization and of 6.04 sq.m per work station
All 2 Office Works, Meetings etc 10 6 16
Professionals engage in (TS-SP, p.1106)
Environmental Protection
Business
Waiting area Public 10 Lounging 14 6 20 1.4 sq.m/person +30% space articulation
Head Office All 2 Office Works 8 5 13
(TS-SP, p.1106)
Lounging, Resting and 1.4 sq.m/person
Relaxing (NBC)
Comfort Room All 1 3
Breaks (PDH, p.51)
Recreational Reading
Center
1.4 sq.m/person
(NBC) +30% space articulation + 4 sq.m
Reading Space Public 100 Reading, Relaxing, etc 143 77 220
circulation desk + 40 sq.m book stacks
(TS-SP, p. 384)
Office Works, Receiving and 6.04 sq.m per work station
Head Office Private 1 5.5 3.5 9.00
Meeting Visitors (TS-SP, p.1106)
Working Space Private 2 Clerical Works 10 7 17
(TS-SP, p.1106)
Storage Room Private 2 Storing 10 30 40 20% of reading space (TS-SP, p. 384)


Comfort room Private 1 3.0
Breaks (PDH, p.51)
(Water Closet: 1: 1-15 for male; 1:1-15 for
female);
10 per Grooming, Washing, Health
Public Comfort Room Public 32 (Urinals: 1:1-100)
room Breaks
(Lavatories: 1: 1-200 for male and female)
(R.A. 1378)
Table 6.3
Sizing Analysis of Spaces within Administration Building
Area Allotment
Approximate Total
(in square meters)
Clearances
General Manager
Clerical and Office Works 6.04 sq.m per work station
Head office Private 2 10 7 17
and Simple Meetings (TS-SP, p.1106)
Storing Documents and
Records Room Private 1 4 5 9 0.7-m² File Space
Periodic Checking
Clerical Works
Working/ Clerical Space Private 4 44 23 67 (TS-SP, p.1106)

Comfort Room Private 1 3
Breaks (PDH, p.51)
Asst. Manager for
Operations
Periodic Checking


Working Space Private 4 44 23 67
(TS-SP, p.1106)
Breaks (PDH, p.51)
Asst. Manager for
Support Services
Periodic Checking
(TS-SP, p.1106)
Modular standard
Grooming, Washing, Health
Comfort Room Private 1 3 (PDH, p.51)
Breaks
Human Resource Office
Clerical and Office Works (TS-SP, p.1106)
and Simple Meetings Modular Planning
(TS-SP)
Periodic Checking
(TS-SP, p.1106)
Breaks (PDH, p.51)
Asst. Manager for
Budget, Finance, and
Marketing
Head Office Private 2 17 8 25
Internal Audit Office Private 2 8 5 13

Treasury and Comptroller Clerical and Office Works 6.04 sq.m per work station
Private 2 8 5 13
Office and Simple Meetings (TS-SP, p.1106)
Marketing and Sales Office Private 2 8 5 13
Public Relation and Clerical and Office Works 6.04 sq.m per work station
Private 2 8 5 13
Extension Office and Simple Meetings (TS-SP, p.1106)
Supply and Material Clerical and Office Works 6.04 sq.m per work station
Private 2 8 6 14
Resource Officer and Simple Meetings (TS-SP, p.1106)
Working Area with Waiting Clerical and Office Works 6.04 sq.m per work station
Private 25 110 60 170
Area and Simple Meetings (TS-SP, p.1106)
Modular Standard
Vault Room Private 2 Storing Valuables 3 7 10
(TS-SP)
Record Room/Storage Private 2 3 6 9 0.7-m² File Space
Periodic Checking
Comfort Room Private 1 2.50 (2)
Breaks (PDH, p.51)
1.39 sq. m per person
Conference Room Private 16 Meetings 32 17 49
(TS-SP, p.1106)
Modular Planning
Supply/ Stock Room Private 2 Storing Supplies 4 10 14
(TS-SP)
Lounging, Relaxing and 1.4 sq.m/person + 30% space articulation
Staff Lounge Private 25 30 16 46
Resting (NBC)
5 standard cubicles for shower; 2 for toilet
(female); 3 standard cubicles for shower; 2
Locker Room and Bathing, Grooming,
Private 25 57 toilets (male);
Shower Room/s Washing, Health Breaks
90 locker slots
(TS-BT, p.1278)
Bundy Clock Counter Private 1 Recording 7 2 9
(TS-SP, p.1106)
Modular Planning
Electrical Room Private 1 Utility Control 4
(TS-SP)
Modular Planning
Mechanical Room Private 1 Utility Control 4
(TS-SP)

female);
(Urinals: 1:10-50)
Grooming, Washing, Health (Lavatory 1:1- 150 for male; 1: 1-150 for
Public Comfort Rooms All 10 20 (2)
Breaks female)
(R.A. 1378)
3 standard cubicles; 1 for disabled;
(TS-BT, p.1278)
Lounging and
Lobby All 30 62 26 88 (B.P. 344)
Assembling
Table 6.4
Sizing Analysis of Spaces within Hospitality Facilities
Area Allotment
Approximate Total
(in square meters)
Clearances
Restaurant
1.4-1.7 sq.m/person
Eating, Conversation,
Dining Area All 100 136 74 210 (AR-HB, p.325)
Meeting and Function
Light Cooking, Food 35.00 sq.m per small units (food retails)(5
Concessionaire Display, Chilling, Food units)
All 5 95 80 175
Restaurant Space Preparation, Storing, With kitchen and service counters
Refrigerating, Utility (AR-HB, p.338)
Grooming, Washing, Health female);
Public Restrooms All 10 15
Breaks (Urinals: 1:10-50)
(Lavatory 1:1- 150 for male; 1: 1-150 for

female)
(R.A. 1378)
Restaurant Head 6.04 sq.m per work station
Private 2 Office and Clerical Works 9 6 15
Office (TS-SP, p.1106)
4 standard cubicles for shower; 2 for toilet;
Shower and Locker Bathing, Grooming,
Private 15 60 27 locker slots each room
Room Washing, Health Breaks
(TS-BT, p.1278)
Relaxing, Resting and 0.9-1.4 sq.m/person
Lounging (AR-HB, p.325)
General Storage
Private 2 Storing 10 20 30
Room
―Public‖
Sleeping, Resting, Light
(Private
Cooking, Dining, Modular standard
Lodging House to the 5 30
Relaxing, TV Watching, (PDH, p.54)
Visitor
etc
Renting)
Main Hospitality
Building
Head Office Private 2 Clerical and Office Works 15 9 24
(TS-SP, p.1106)
Storage/record room Private 2 2 4 6 Rule of Thumb
Checking
Waiting Area Private 35 Rule of Thumb
female);
10 per (Urinals: 1:10-50)
Comfort Rooms Private 11 (2)
room (Lavatory 1:1- 150 for male; 1: 1-150 for
female)
(R.A. 1378)
Clerical Job, Information 6.04 sq.m per work station
Information,
3 staff; 5 Dissemination, Receiving, (TS-SP, p.1106);
Registration and Private 18 10 28
visitors Office Works, Recording, 1.40 sq. m per visitor
Reservation Counter
etc (B.P. 344)

4 double deck beds per room

10 per Sleeping, Relaxing, Eating,
Staff’s Quarter Private 25 (2) 11 (2) 36 (2) Dependent on the number of workers
room etc
Shower and Comfort Bathing, Washing, 1 cubicle for disabled
Private 8 per room 9.44 (2)
Room Grooming, Health Breaks, (TS-BT, p.1278)
0.9-1.4 sq.m/person
Lounging, Waiting,
Lounge Private 79 34 113 (AR-HB, p.325)
Assembly
Linen Storage and 11.93 x 5.00
Private 5 Storing and Periodic Visit 15 36 51
General Storage
Lounging, Waiting, (B.P. 344)
Lobby All 75 169 72 241
Assembly + 30% articulation space + 26 sq.m man-
made pond
Table 6.5
Sizing Analysis of Spaces within Marine Life Interaction Facilities
Area Allotment
Approximate Total
(in square meters)
Clearances
Clerical Job, Information 1.40 sq. m per visitor
Interaction Registration 97.51
All 50 Dissemination, Receiving, (B.P. 344)
and Waiting Area sq.m
Office Works, Recording, etc + 30% articulation space
Lobby All 50 Lounging, Waiting, Assembly 141 44 145 (B.P. 344)
Briefing and Orientation Assembly, Briefing (Lecture), 0.65 sq.m/ occupant
All 50 55 37 92
Room Waiting, Film Presentation (p.d 1096)

Equipment Operation,
Projection Room Private 1 Storing, Cleaning and 4 6 10 8-10% of the Viewing Area
Repairing
Information and Office Clerical Works, Receiving, 6.04 sq.m per work station
All 5 27 14 37
rooms Recording (TS-SP, p.1106)
10 per Washing, Grooming, Health 15.0 female);
Public Comfort Rooms All
room Breaks, sq.m (Urinals: 1:10-50)
(R.A. 1378)
Table 6.6
Sizing Analysis of Spaces within Pre and Post Marine Life Interaction Facilities
Area Allotment
Approximate Total
(in square meters)
Clearances
Paraphernalia And Life
2 staff; 10 Storing, Display, Distribution 6.04 sq.m per work station
Saving Device Rental All 7 11 18
visitors and Recording (TS-SP, p.1106)
And Distribution Area
Paraphernalia And Life Equipment Sanitation,
Saving Device Repair, Assembly/
(TS-SP, p.1106)
Equipment Storage and 2 Disassembly, Checking, 10 30 30
Sanitation Area Storing
Boarding Inspection 2 staff; 10 6.04 sq.m per work station
All Checking, Waiting, Assembly 15
Area visitors (TS-SP, p.1106)
Locker, Dressing, Toilet, All 30 per Bathing, Washing, Dressing, 48.50 (2) (Water Closet: 1: 1-15 for male; 1:1-15 for

Shower Rooms room Grooming, Health Breaks female);

(Urinals: 1:1-100)
(Lavatories: 1: 1-200 for male and female)
(R.A. 1378)

1 cubicle for disabled; 60 locker slots each room
(TS-BT, p.1278)
0.65 sq.m/ occupant
Waiting Area All 55 Lounging, Waiting, Assembly 51 21 72 (p.d 1096)

Head Office Private 4 Office and Clerical Space 22 14 34
(TS-SP, p.1106)
(B.P. 344)
Boat Dock All 75 Loading, Docking 800 + 30% articulation space
100 sq.m per boat (banca)
Table 6.7
Sizing Analysis of Spaces within Research Center Facilities
Area Allotment
Approximate Total
(in square meters)
Clearances
(TS-SP, p.1106)
Conference Rooms 10 Meeting, Discussion 26 17 43
1 sq.m for each additional person to be served
(PDH, p.142)
Library
Reading Area and Book All 35 Reading, Relaxing, etc 76 50 126 1.4 sq.m/person

Stacks (NBC) +30% space articulation + 4 sq.m
circulation desk + 40 sq.m book stacks
(TS-SP, p. 384)
Working Area and Clerical Works, Receiving, 6.04 sq.m per work station
Private 4 16 8 24
Librarian‘s Office Recording (TS-SP, p.1106)
10% of total reading area
Storage Room Private 1 4 8 12
(TS-SP, p. 384)
Office
Clerical Works, Receiving, 6.04 sq.m per work station
Work Stations Private 3 13 8 21
Recording (TS-SP, p.1106)
Clerical Works, Receiving, 6.04 sq.m per work station
Head Office Private 2 10 5 15
Recording (TS-SP, p.1106)
Washing, Grooming, Health Modular standard
Breaks, (PDH, p.51)
Record Room Private 1 2 3 5 0.7-m² File Space
0.9-1.4 sq.m/person
Staff’s Lounge Private 15 Lounging, Waiting, Assembly 16 7 23 (AR-HB, p.325)
Paper Presentation 0.65 sq.m/ occupant

All 50 56 24 80
Room (p.d 1096) + + 30% articulation space
Equipment Operation,
Projection Room and
Private 1 Storing, Cleaning and 3 4 7.0 7%-10% of the projection room
Equipment Storage
Repairing
Repair, Assembly/
Laboratory Module
Supply Room Private 2 Disassembly, Checking, 5 9 14
(AH, p. 226)
Storing
Repair, Assembly/
Laboratory Module
Instrument Room Private 2 Disassembly, Checking, 4 8 12
(AH, p. 226)
Storing
Repair, Assembly/
Laboratory Module
Equipment Room Private 2 Disassembly, Checking, 4 8 12
(AH, p. 226)
Storing
Chemical Storage Private 2 Repair, Assembly/ 4 8 12 Laboratory Module

Disassembly, Checking, (AH, p. 226)
Storing
Repair, Assembly/
Flammable Materials Laboratory Module
Private 2 Disassembly, Checking, 4 8 12
Storage (AH, p. 226)
Storing
CCTV Room and
Private 2 Monitoring, Checking 3 6 9 2.7 x 3.4 m
Security Counter
5 standard cubicles;
Shower, Locker Room 10 per Washing, Grooming, Health
Private 23 (2) 1 cubicle for disabled; 36 locker slots each room
and Toilet room Breaks,
(TS-BT, p.1278)
Laboratory Module
(AH, p. 226)
Photo Documentation Clerical Works, Receiving,
Private 2 19 12 31
Laboratory Facilities Recording (Including Computer Desk, Video Analyzing
Area, Film Production Area, Record Cabinets,
Section Head Desk)
Laboratory Module
(AH, p. 226)
Satellite tagging Clerical Works, Receiving,
Private 2 19 12 31 (including Preparation and Assembly Area,
Facilities Recording
Satellite Feed Monitoring Area, Device Handling
and Troubleshooting area, Storage, Record
Cabinet, Section head desk)
Laboratory Module
(AH, p. 226)
Forensic Laboratory Clerical Works, Receiving,
Private 2 19 12 31
Facilities Recording (including Experimentation bench, Fish Anatomy
Examination Bench, Specimen Tank, Freezer,
Record Cabinet, Section head desk)
Laboratory Module
(AH, p. 226)
Plankton Research Clerical Works, Receiving,
Private 2 19 12 31
Facilities Recording
(including Plankton Density Monitoring area,
Inventory area, Section Head desk, Record

Cabinets)
Laboratory Module
(AH, p. 226)
Water Analysis Clerical Works, Receiving,
Private 2 19 12 31
Research Facilities Recording
(including Water Quality Instruments, Section
Head desk, Record Cabinets)
Table 6.8
Sizing Analysis of Spaces within Recreational Facilities
Area Allotment
Approximate Total
(in square meters)
Clearances
4.65 sq.m/visitors
Billiard Hall All 50 Playing, Relaxing etc. 125 170 295 (PD 1096, Occupant Load) + 30% articulation
space + 6 standard billiard tables
Clerical Job, Information 1.40 sq. m per visitor
Reservation Area All 30 Dissemination, Receiving, 42 23 65 (B.P. 344)
Office Works, Recording, etc + 30% articulation space
Lounge All 50 Lounging, Waiting, Assembly 80 34 114 (B.P. 344)
Swimming Pool Area
Swimming, Relaxing, Playing Recreational Swimming Pool Standard
Swimming Pool All 100 252
etc. (TS-SP, p. 1274)
Sun Bathing Area and Kiosk All 100 Relaxing 500 (B.P. 344)
Water Sports Facilities
Paraphernalia Storage Storing and Periodic
Private 1 14 21 35 10.00 x 3.50 m
Rooms Checking
Paraphernalia Sanitation Private 2 Equipment Sanitation, 4 8 12 6.04 sq.m per work station

Room Repair, Assembly/ (TS-SP, p.1106)

Disassembly, Checking,
Storing
Clerical Job, Information
Registration and 6.04 sq.m per work station
All 2 Dissemination, Receiving, 14 7 21
Information area (TS-SP, p.1106)
Office Works, Recording, etc
Head Office 3 15 8 23
(TS-SP, p.1106)
16 sq.m per boat
(TS-SP, p.1339)
Dock All 50 Loading, Docking 149 16 165

female);
(Urinals: 1:1-100)
47 for (Lavatories: 1: 1-200 for male and female)
Shower, Locker, and 25 per Washing, Grooming, Health
All male and (R.A. 1378)
Comfort rooms room Breaks,
female
1 cubicle for disabled; 60 locker slots each room
(TS-BT, p.1278)

Table 6.9
Sizing Analysis of Spaces within Safety and Security Facilities
Area Allotment
Approximate
(in square meters) Total Suggestive
Type of number of
SPACES Activities Operating Space (in sq. Philosophy/ Rationale
users users at a Space for meter)
Space and
Clearances
Security Facilities
Recording,
CCTV ROOM Private 2 Watching/Monitoring, 3 5 8
(TS-SP, p.1106)
Clerical Works
Sleeping, Relaxing, Eating, 14 double deck beds (2.1 x 0.9) + + 30%
GUARDS QUARTER Private 28 55 36 91
etc articulation space
LOCKER AND SHOWER Washing, Grooming, Health 7 standard cubicles for shower; 4 cubicles for
Private 44
ROOM Breaks, toilet
Clerical Works, Receiving,
SECURITY‘S OFFICE Private 2 4 2 8 (TS-SP, p.1106)
Recording
Clerical Works, Receiving,
COMMUNICATION ROOM Private 2 3 5 8 (TS-SP, p.1106)
Recording
GUNS AND AMMUNITION Clerical Works, Receiving,
Private 2 3 5 11 (TS-SP, p.1106)
STORAGE ROOM Recording, Storing
0.9-1.4 sq.m/person
Lounging, Waiting,
LOUNGE Private 8 5 3 19 (AR-HB, p.325)
Assembly
COMFORT ROOM Private 1 2
Breaks, (PDH, p.51)
STORAGE Private 1 1 3 4 2.36 x 2.1 m
Lounging, Waiting,
WAITING AREA All 8 12 5 17 (B.P. 344)
Assembly


Lounging, Waiting,
LOBBY All 15 48 20 68 (B.P. 344)
Assembly
+ 30% articulation space + reception desk
CLINIC
Dissemination, Receiving, 6.04 sq.m per work station
HEAD NURSE ROOM Private 1 4 4 8
Office Works, Recording, (TS-SP, p.1106)
etc
Dissemination, Receiving, 6.04 sq.m per work station
RECEPTION AREA All 1 4 2 6
Office Works, Recording, (TS-SP, p.1106)
etc
Sleeping, First Aid (B.P. 344)
THERAPY AREA All 10 19.5 19.5 39
Treatment, Relaxing etc + 30% articulation space + 5 beds (2.06 x
0.80)
STORAGE Private 2 3 5 8 3.44 x 2.58
Checking
COMFORT ROOM All 2 2.66 (2)
Breaks, (PDH, p.51)
Parking Area
1 car for every 30 sq m of customers area
restaurant All 48 slots
(NBC, p.96)
One (1) car parking slot for every 3 rooms
Lodging houses All 30 slots
(NBC, p.92)
Recreational Facilities All
1 car slot and 1 jeepney/shuttle slot for every
Local Product Exposition
50.00 sq.m of gross floor area
Facilities, Advocacy
190 slots (NBC, p.99)
Center, Marine Life All
1 car slot for every 100 sq.m
Interaction Facilites,
(NBC, p.96)
Administration Building

4. Cross Matching of Result (Space Sizing and Quantification in Relation to Site Planning)
This portion shall discuss the cross matching of site planning analysis using the rule 7 and 8 of the revised Implementing Rules and Regulations
(IRR) of PD1096 otherwise known as the National Building Code (NBC) with the computations of sizes of various building footprints in respect to
occupancy parameters. This shall show whether the development would need multi-storey development which would be depicted by a higher total
sizing of spaces over the computed allowable building footprint based on NBC. This will also cross check whether the allowable building height as
dictated by NBC would be satisfied.
The computation on item F.1.e of Chapter 4 suggests that the maximum allowable building footprint as mandated by the National Building Code
that the project site could cater is approximately 18,140 square meters. With the computed total occupied building footprint of 11,072 squares; then,
the proposed project is incompliance with the IRR of the National Building Code in relation to the allowable buildable area.
G. ESTIMATED PROJECT COST USING PER AREA PARAMETERS
This part will disclosed the probable cost of project using per area parameters of site development and building construction within the area of
Sorsogon. In consultation with various technical people in Southern Bicol, the average cost of development of site including macro landscaping is 1,100 while
the average parameter costing of building development is 14,000 per square meter.
Considering that the approximate project site is 90,700 square meters, deducting the proposed building footprint area of 11,072; the project would be
requiring approximately Php 87, 590,800 for site improvement to cater 79, 628 sq. meters. This shall include macro hardscape entities such as road networks,

walkways, lightings, communication systems, and others. Using Php 14,000.00 per square meter as construction parameter; the project which will be covering
a building footprint area of 11,072 shall cost Php 155,008,000.00. Thus, the total approximate project cost would be Php 242, 598, 800.00.

Chapter 5
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

FOR DESIGN TRANSLATION
A. CONCLUSION
After series of careful and systematized analysis, it was established that the proposed Donsol Marine Life Exposition and Research Center is a way
to address the issues that directly and indirectly surrounds the ecotourism activities in the Municipality of Donsol. It was ascertained that having tourists
coordinating center, tourists pre and post interaction center, hospitality amenities, site recreational facilities, environmental advocacy facilities, research
facilities, local product exposition facilities, administration facilities, and operational support and utilities systems within the proposed subject means
directly rejoining the ecotourism issues into its resolution through physical development.
Moreover, it was established that the site, considering its location and peripheral setting is best to suit an organically and rhythmically patterned
contemporary form. In this manner, the pattern or order of form within the periphery of the site will not be alienating the form of the proposed structure.
Also, it was established that considering earth tone colors and natural elemental colors may best depict the sites relationship to the blue waters and lush
greeneries that surround the proposed site.
It was as well verified that in the political, social, economic and technological contexts; the municipality of Donsol would be benefited with the
proposed project as it was conceptually and simply validated with the review of income generating spaces of the project aside from the fact that there is
already an established international and national market for the town‘s ecotourism attractions.

B. RECOMMENDATIONS
For a more efficient architectural designing of the proposed Donsol Marine Life Exposition and Research Center, the following matters are being
placed forward as prime translation consideration:
1. Although the project would be primarily design as an institution that will serve as the seat of marine life research and ecotourism within the
municipality of Donsol; still with the amenities which would make it related to a resort; it is best suggested that the plan be in accordance with the DOT
guidelines on resort development.
2. It is being recommended that another study be conducted on the business or entrepreneurial or financial side that will scientifically disclose the level of
feasibility of the project be conducted independently in the future.
3. It is also being recommended that the architectural output be presented to the local government unit of Donsol, provincial government of Sorsogon
and other related government agencies not just to solicit criticisms for the improvement of the study itself but also for the possibility that this be a
reference to any medium term or long term planning for the sustainability of ecotourism within the town.

Chapter 6
MACRO SITE ANALYSIS
This chapter presents various sets of information about the chosen project site in a macro level which directly and indirectly pose significant
influences to the design programming of the Proposed Marine Life Exposition and Research Center.
A. NATIONAL SETTING
The world‘s second largest archipelago, the Philippines is a collection of more than 7,100 islands spread over 300,000 square kilometers (115,800
miles) in the western Pacific Ocean. In fact, it is a home of great number of rare and exotic animals such as coral reefs, rare kinds of fish and sharks,
turtles, crocodiles, manta rays, whales, etc. which some only exist in the Philippines. According to Herre (1953), there are 2,117 species of fish in
Philippine waters which includes 330 species of endemic freshwater fish. Furthermore, there are 500 of the 800 known coral species in the world lies on
Philippine waters. Actually, the world‘s largest fish which is the whale shark which has a local name Butanding often visited the Philippine waters
particularly in Donsol and also the dwarf goby which is the smallest fish in the world can also be found here in our country. Philippines is also been a part
of the study of WWF Denmark which is named Coral Triangle because of rich marine life that exist in our waters.
As of now, Marine life conservation has been the approach of government and non-government agencies to protect and save the rich and unique
resources of the Philippines. However, some conservation programs are yet to be strategically enhanced to cater the support of Non-government

Organizations (NGO) to ensure better protection of the ecosystem specially those who serve as a home of endangered animal species. Some of the
location of the programs of the government in relation to habitat conservation with the cooperation of WWF is shown in figure 29.
B. REGIONAL AND PROVINCIAL SETTING
According to the National Statistical Coordination Board (NCSB), as published in their website (www.nscb.gov.ph), Bicol Region (Region V) is
located at the southernmost tip of Luzon landmass (see figure 30). It is politically subdivided into six provinces namely Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur,
Albay, Sorsogon, Masbate and Catanduanes. Furthermore, Bicol Region has a population of 4,686,669 (as of May 2007).
NCSB further stated that Bicol region has been known for its natural and manmade tourism attractions. As a matter of fact, Albay; where mega-
infrastructure projects had been extensively being developed is located in the center of the region is home of the world famous Mount Mayon. On the
northernmost part of the region is the province of Camarines Norte which entices business tourists due to its rich gold, iron and silver mines aside from
being a place where tourists visit for its beaches suited for various water activities. Camarines Sur is the home of the world famous Camsur Watersports
Complex (CWC) besides from natural attractions. The province of Catanduanes boasts of white beaches and resorts is an island paradise in the Pacific. The
province of Masbate, which lies exactly at the center of the Philippine archipelago, is known for its mining and cattle industry.
NCSB specifically disclosed that Sorsogon (shown in figure 31) where Donsol is situated is a home of Mount Bulusan which commonly sources of
hot water springs, and rich natural attractions such as beautiful beaches of Gubat particularly Rizal beach. It also home of historic and panoramic places
such as the ―Baluartes‖ in Matnog, Irosin Church in Irosin and other historical treasures. Sorsogon is located at the southernmost tip of the Bicol Peninsula.

It has 14 municipalities, one city which is Sorsogon City and 541 barangays with two congressional districts. Moreover, the population of Sorsogon has
reached 650,535.
Figure 29. Distribution of conservation programs of various marine life species in the Philippines

Figure 30. Bicol Region Political Map Figure 31. Sorsogon Political Map

C. MUNICIPAL SETTING
The project is located in Donsol, Sorsogon; formerly known as a sleepy town which is predominantly dependent on farming and fisheries prior to
the discovery of the presence of whale sharks (Butanding) in the late 1990‘s. Donsol is located in the northwestern part of Sorsogon province. It is
approximately 600 kilometers away from Manila. It is bounded by the municipality of Jovellar and Pio Duran (both part of Albay) in the north, Pilar on the
east and Burias Pass on the southwest. It is geographically located about 12° 54' 26.896" north latitude and 123° 36' 28.867" east longitude.. It is 66
kilometers away from the City of Sorsogon and 51 kilometers away from the City of Legazpi in the province of Albay. Figures 32 and 33 shows the map of
Donsol as situated in the province of Sorsogon.
The general area of Donsol is located in a region where the boundary of Type II climate has been delineated. But, the rainfall pattern of Donsol is
much similar to Masbate where Type II climate prevails. Type II climate is characterized by the absence of pronounced maximum rain period and with a
short dry season lasting only from one to three months. From June to November, coastline is rough due to the prevailing southwest monsoon.
Temperature ranges from 22°C during the coolest month to 35°C during summer. Average temperature is 27°C (http://www.nscb.gov.ph).
The municipality of Donsol is characterized by moderately rugged to undulating terrain with rounded to sub-rounded ridges and spurs. The highest
elevation is 153 meters above sea level found at Brgy. Sta. Cruz while the lowest elevation is 5 meters above sea level at the coastline of the same
barangay. In-fill valleys are quite common in the inland part. Flat lands are dominant along the coastal areas and along river valleys. About 20 percent of
the total land areas are plains, favorable to rice and vegetable production. The rest is devoted to coconut plantation, grazing purposes and other
agricultural uses. Generally, Donsol's terrain is characterized by ranges of mountains and hills.

Source: http://www.nscb.gov.ph
Figure 32. Map of Donsol as situated in the province of Sorsogon.

Source: http://www.nscb.gov.ph
Figure 33. Map showing how Donsol is connected to other places in the provinces of Sorsogon and Albay.
The Poblacion Area of the municipality has a Level III water supply system with limited household connection and capacity. Furthermore, other
barangays in the nearby poblacion are also supplied with potable water that could be used for varied purposes such as bathing, agriculture, and fishing.
Other barangays utilize Level I water supply system.
All Barangays in the municipality both Urban and Rural have access to and are served by Electricity. The Sorsogon Electric Cooperative (SORECO) is
the sole power supply provides in the municipality.

Road system in the municipality is one of the best in the region considering that almost 80% of provincial road is well paved while the remaining
were asphalted if not bare earth.
At present there are no telephone system servicing the municipality nor even public calling offices provided by Private telecommunication
organizations. However, with the onset of modern wireless Communication technology, cellular phone services provided by private companies such as
Smart and Globe offered the people of Donsol a window of opportunity to have access to modern communication. Furthermore, traditional communication
system provided by the government as postal system and telegram, telegraphic and telex services are affordably and readily available in the Municipal
Building at the Poblacion. Other communication system such as for meteorological facilities, other telecommunication facilities are not yet available in the
municipality.
In terms of police force, facilities and equipments, the Donsol PNP maintains a police station within the Poblacion Area. Moreover, the Municipal Fire
Station also situated within the Poblacion area are equipped with a fire truck and manned by few firemen with minimal equipments. Existing Barangay
volunteer organizations also provide auxiliary protective services in other Barangays of the municipality.
Demographically, the town which is composed of 51 barangays (9 of which are in the poblacion area, 33 in the interior area and 9 barangays in the
coastal side) has a total population of 39,995 (2000). The 1-19 age group was the biggest in the municipality accounting for 49 percent of the total
population while population in 20-64 years old age bracket made up 40 percent. Elderly persons 65 years old and over made up 8.5 percent of the
population and infants (under 1 year old) composed the remaining 2.5 percent. Table 7 further explains the demographic character of the municipality.

Donsol is a 3rd class municipality with an actual annual income of approximately PhP 37 million. The source of livelihood includes fishing, farming,
livestock production, cottage industries and food processing. Employment opportunities are distributed among major industries in the locality, such as
agricultural, commercial (sales/trading/marketing), construction and transportation. Copra trading is the major business industry engaged by most
businessmen in Donsol.
Table 7
Demographic Characteristics of the Municipality of Donsol
Reference
Indicator Value
Period
Total Population 2000 39,995
Male 2000 20,727
Female 2000 19,268
Population Growth Rate 2000 2.27
Sex Ratio (males per 100 females) 2000 107.6
Household Population 2000 39,990
Male 2000 20,723
Female 2000 19,267
Number of Households 2000 7,503
Average Household Size (Persons/HH) 2000 5.33
Number of Occupied Housing Units 2000 7,484
Households in Occupied Housing Units 2000 7,503
Source: 2000 Census of Population and Housing, National Statistics Office

Donsol is known for Butanding interaction worldwide. Aside from this, Donsol also recommend different tourist spots like the Shrine of our Lady of
Lourdes (Grotto) located in Barangay San Antonio, Tuba Falls which is about 15 meters high cascading down into a deep blue lagoon about 20 meters in
diameter located in Barangay Vinisitahan, The Astilleros site which is believed to be a shipyard way back in 1894 located at Barangay Dancalan, River
cruising/Fireflies watching at Donsol River, and Tankulan Mangrove Ecopark which is a manmade mangrove plantation which cultures different marine
species such as mollusks, crabs, etc.

Chapter 7
MICRO SITE ANALYSIS
This chapter presents the different aspects of the site in micro level which may one way or another influence the process of space programming,
utility system conceptualizations and study of form.
A. SITE SELECTION CRITERIA
This criterion is a comprehensive summary of various technical data from related literature, project review and consultation with resource persons.
Techniques such as SWOT analysis and parallel methods will be used in the selection of final project site. The proposed Donsol Marine Life Exposition and
Research Center shall be constructed in a site, which will be fitting with the following requirements. Shown on table 8 is the details of the proposed sites‘
parallelism and relation to the presented criteria.
1. Lot Character and Developmental Flexibility
a. In consideration with the related project review, the lot should be at least 3 hectares or more to ensure developmental flexibility.
b. The lot should be relatively flat and sparsely vegetated to avoid contradiction with local ordinance on environmental protection.
c. Definitely, the lot should have direct adjacency to the seashore since the proposed project may require seashore development. As much as
possible, the adjacent shoreline must possibly be capable of accommodating boat docking facilities. Areas with natural harbor for such
development shall be a significant consideration.

d. The quality of soil should have the capability of holding moderately heavy development to avoid building submergence and/ or shun larger
construction cost.
2. Accessibility to Public Facilities
a. The lot shall be accessible to public facilities such as power, water, communications, and waste management system. It should also be close to
facilities such as hospital, fire control, and others.
b. As much as possible, the site should be within the circuit of the local tourism hub and its related facilities.
3. Proximity to Butanding Feeding Ground
a. Proximity/Easy access to area wherein Butanding feeding/resting ground. Tantamount to area in coast of Donsol where plankton is abundant.
4. Land Value
a. Since the development always entails large amount of funding, the site that would be chosen shall be in place where the land cost is
reasonable.
5. Zoning Compliance
a. The project shall be located within the tourism/recreational zone of the municipality.

b. The site should not be within the periphery of livestock farming areas such as poultry, hog and cattle farms.
6. Seclusion to Natural and Manmade Nuisances
a. It shall be ensured in the process of site selection, effects of flood, storm surges and manmade nuisance such as pollution or water
contamination shall be considered.
b. It shall a priority that site with natural blockade or that can challenge the nuisances would be ideally prioritized. Although, in reality, effects of
nuisances are always a natural scenario, the site should possess the character of hosting nuisance control development or construction.
B. THE SITE SELECTION PROCESS
The site for the proposed Donsol Marine Life Exposition and Research Center was done using the Centroid Establishment System (CES) wherein three
possible sub-centroids location were chosen using the formulated criteria. In the process, three sites that could be considered as a centroid to or proximate to
the different marine life attractions within Donsol were chosen The chosen possible sites are seven-hectare (marked as site 1) and nine-hectare (marked as
site 3) lots both from Barangay Pangpang, and a nine-hectare lot (marked as site 2) in Barangay Dangcalan. Figure 34 shows the three selected sites in
reference to marine life ecosystems of the municipality of Donsol.

Figure 34. The three chosen sites in relation to the different attractions.
Applying the CES method in the municipality wide scope, there are two possible barangays that could cater the proposed project considering its
proximity to Donsol‘s waters. Considering that the center will be catering marine life studies and exposition center, the geographical location of the three
selected sites as shown on figure 34 further justify its feasibility as the proposed location of Donsol Marine Life Exposition and Research Center.

1. Site 1
Site 1 is a seven-hectare relatively lot located at Barangay Pangpang; around 5.5 kilometers from the Poblacion area of Donsol. The lot is sparsely
vegetated and is safe from natural and manmade nuisances such as floods, tidal bore and others. Shown in Table 8-A is the SWOT analysis of the
proposed Site 1.
Table 8-A
SWOT Analysis of the First Probable Site Located in Barangay Pangpang
Strength Weaknesses Opportunities Threats
The site is approximately 7 The soil condition of the chosen site The site possesses a character that is The absence of solid waste management could cause harmful
hectares which could may not be that stable to carry parallel to the selection criterion. effect to the body of water where the rich marine life is
accommodate the development of physical development, thus; concentrated thereby challenging the sustainability of the project.
the proposed project. structural system conceptualization The site is within the Tourism Zone and
needs careful and systematic in consonance with the zoning ordinance The proximity of the site to the fast urbanizing area may bring
The site is relatively flat which approaches. of the municipality effect of manmade pollution to the proposed edifice.
makes it flexible for physical
development. The site directly opposes Southwest The site is adjacent to the feeding There is an insufficient water supply system that would support
monsoon making it susceptible to grounds of Butanding, Seacow the project.
The site is sparsely vegetated, moderate but challenging wind, (Dugong), dolphins, rare species of
which is more advantageous to higher tide levels and sometimes fishes and others. Nonexistence of other protective and security facilities such as fire
physical development processes. defiant waves from August to hydrants, police outpost and others could be a threat to the
October. The site is very accessible to public security and safety of the proposed edifice.
The site is safe from manmade and transportation.
natural nuisance thus; researches Moderate susceptibility to soil Tight or narrow roads and bridge leading to the site pose looming
specifically long-period studies (coastal) erosion due to tidal traffic congestion.
could be carried out. phenomenon is eminent.
The site is approximately 5.5 kilometers from the Poblacion were
major facilities such as hospitals, food services, hotels and
religious that may support the operation of the propose edifice are
located.

2. Site 2
Site 2 is a nine-hectare relatively flat lot located at Barangay Dangcalan; around 1.5 kilometers from the Poblacion. The lot lies possess natural
lagoon and lies along Donsol River. Mangrove forest also richly thrive along the banks of the river that is adjacent to the site. Furthermore, the site is free
from manmade and natural nuisances. Shown in table 8- B is the SWOT analysis of the Site 2.
Table 8-B
SWOT Analysis of the Second Probable Site Located in Barangay Dancalan
The site is approximately 9 hectares which The soil condition of the chosen site may The site possesses a character that is The absence of solid waste management
could accommodate the development of the not be that stable to carry physical parallel to the selection criterion. could cause harmful effect to the body of
proposed project. development, thus; structural system water where the rich marine life is
conceptualization needs careful and The site is within the Tourism Zone and concentrated thereby challenging the
The site is relatively flat which makes it flexible systematic approaches. in consonance with the zoning ordinance sustainability of the project.
for physical development. of the municipality
The site directly opposes Southwest The proximity of the site to the fast
The presence of a water way (river and monsoon making it susceptible to The site is adjacent to the feeding urbanizing area may bring effect of
natural lagoon within the site propose a moderate but challenging wind, higher grounds of Butanding, Seacow manmade pollution to the proposed
distinctive and unique development that will tide levels and sometimes-defiant waves (Dugong), dolphins, rare species of edifice.
showcase the natural marine life diversity of from August to October. fishes and others.
the municipality. There is an insufficient water supply
Moderate susceptibility to soil (coastal) The site is very accessible to public system that would support the project.
The presence of mangrove forest insinuates erosion due to tidal phenomenon is transportation.
another positive and additive design eminent. Tight or narrow roads and bridge leading
consideration that will strengthen and justify The site is approximately 1.0 kilometers to the site pose looming traffic
one of the project objectives which is to from the Poblacion were major facilities congestion.
showcase the rich marine life of Donsol. such as hospitals, food services, hotels
and religious that may support the
The site is safe from manmade and natural operation of the propose edifice are
nuisance thus; researches specifically long- located.
period studies could be carried out.

3. Site 3
Site 3 is a nine-hectarere relatively flat lot located at Barangay Pangpang; around 4.0 kilometers from the town proper. The lot has mangrove
forest and safe from manmade and natural nuisances. Shown in table 8- C is the SWOT analysis of the Site 3.
Table 8-C
SWOT Analysis of the Third Probable Site Located in Barangay Pangpang
The site is approximately 9 hectares The soil condition of the chosen site The site possesses a character that is The absence of solid waste management could cause
which could accommodate the may not be that stable to carry physical parallel to the selection criterion. harmful effect to the body of water where the rich
development of the proposed project. development, thus; structural system marine life is concentrated thereby challenging the
conceptualization needs careful and The site is within the Tourism Zone and in sustainability of the project.
The site is relatively flat which makes it systematic approaches. consonance with the zoning ordinance of
flexible for physical development. the municipality The proximity of the site to the fast urbanizing area
The site directly opposes Southwest may bring effect of manmade pollution to the
The presence of mangrove forest monsoon making it susceptible to The site is adjacent to the feeding proposed edifice.
insinuates another positive and additive moderate but challenging wind, higher grounds of Butanding, Seacow (Dugong),
design consideration that will tide levels and sometimes defiant dolphins, rare species of fishes and There is an insufficient water supply system that
strengthen and justify one of the waves from August to October. others. would support the project.
project objectives which is to showcase
the rich marine life of Donsol. Moderate susceptibility to soil (coastal) The site is very accessible to public Nonexistence of other protective and security facilities
erosion due to tidal phenomenon is transportation. such as fire hydrants, police outpost and others could
The site is safe from manmade and eminent. be a threat to the security and safety of the proposed
natural nuisance thus; researches edifice.
specifically long-period studies could be
carried out. Tight or narrow roads and bridge leading to the site
pose looming traffic congestion.
The site is approximately 4 kilometers from the

Poblacion were major facilities such as hospitals, food
services, hotels and religious that may support the
operation of the propose edifice are located.

Having presented the three possible sites, it is visible that the most appropriate sites among three is the Site 2. The cross matching analysis with the
site criterion as presented in Table 9 suggests that the site 2 is indeed suitable for the proposed marine life and exposition center. However, the analysis
suggests as well that the other aspects such as the looming effect of having insufficient utility system that could cater the operation of the project, the
possible future effect of manmade pollution due to site‘s proximity to fast urbanizing area, as well as the structural system conceptualization in respect to the
sites soil condition. Having defined all these matters, thorough and careful analysis of the planner as to building form, space program, utility system
conceptualizations should be philosophically and systematically be conducted to address the SWOT analysis findings.
Table 9
Comparative Analysis of the Proposed Sites in Relation to the Site Criteria
Brgy. Pangpang Brgy. Dancalan Brgy. Pangpang
SITE 1 SITE 2 SITE 3
FACTORS Points 0 1 2 3 4 5 Total 0 1 2 3 4 5 Total 0 1 2 3 4 5 Total
1) LOT CHARACTER √
1. Size In Sufficient 5 √ 5 √ 5 √ 5 Sufficient
2. Topography Steep 5 √ 5 √ 5 √ 5 Flat
3. Adjacency to Sea shore Far 5 √ 4 √ 5 √ 5 Near
4. Natural boat harbor Inappropriate 5 √ 4 √ 5 √ 4 Appropriate
5. Soil quality Not suitable 5 √ 3 √ 4 √ 4 Suitable
2) ACCESSIBILTY TO PUBLIC FACILITIES

a. UTILITIES
1. Power Supply Un-serviced 5 √ 3 √ 4 √ 3 Serviced
2. Water Supply Un-supplied 5 √ 3 √ 4 √ 3 Supplied

3. Communication Un-serviced 5 √ 2 √ 4 √ 3 Serviced
4. Solid Waste Improper 5 √ 1 √ 3 √ 1 Proper
5. Roads Not available √ 3 √ 4 √ 3 Available
b. AUXILLARY FACILITIES
1. Hospital Absent 5 √ 1 √ 4 √ 1 Existing
2. Police stations Absent 5 √ 2 √ 5 √ 2 Existing
3. Fire Stations Absent 5 √ 2 √ 5 √ 2 Existing
4. Commercial Facility Far 5 √ 2 √ 4 √ 2 Near
5. Educational Facility Far 5 √ 3 √ 4 √ 2 Near
6. Agricultural Facility Far 5 √ 4 √ 3 √ 3 Near
3) PROXIMTY TO BUTANDING FEEDING GROUND Not accesible 10 √ 10 √ 10 √ 10 Accessible
4) LAND COST Unaffordable 5 √ 5 √ 5 √ 5 Affordable
5) Conformity with Zoning ordinance

Within the
1. Tourism Zone Outside the periphery 5 √ 4 √ 5 √ 5 periphery
Within the
2. Agricultural Zone Outside the periphery 5 √ 3 √ 3 √ 3 periphery
Within the
3. Educational Zone Outside the periphery 5 √ 2 √ 3 √ 3 periphery
Within the
4. Commercial Zone Outside the periphery 5 √ 2 √ 4 √ 4 periphery
6) PHYSICAL SUSTAINABILITY
1. Environment Contaminated 5 √ 5 √ 5 √ 5 Green

2. Ventilation Warm 5 √ 5 √ 5 √ 5 Cool
3. Location Remote 5 √ 4 √ 5 √ 3 Convenient
4. Surrounding Dangerous 5 √ 3 √ 5 √ 3 Safe
TOTAL 90 118 94
LEGEND: 0 – NONE 1 – POOR 2 – SATISFACTORY 3 – VERY SATISFACTORY 4 – GOOD 5 – OUTSTANDING
C. SITE ANALYSIS
The chosen Site 2 that is located in Barangay Dancalan, Donsol is mainly relative flat. The site is enjoying a good view of the Burias Pass where
different marine life can be found such as Butanding and Manta rays and is witness to an attractive sunset. Furthermore, the site is adjacent to the mangrove
forest of Donsol River where firefly watching and various activities can be view. The lot is totally unobstructed which make it more advantageous and flexible for
physical development. The highest flood level recorded on the site five meters onwards from the boundary along Donsol River is 0.15 meters; a very manageable
figure. It is also easily accessible through a two way paved road and has an approximate 1.5 kilometers distance to the town proper of Donsol. In terms of size,
the chosen lot is 9 hectares, which is generally sufficient for a marine life research and exposition center which includes recreational facilities, research facilities
and others. The site‘s adjacency or direct access to the Burias Pass where Donsol Marine life lies and Donsol River will benefit the research center components of
the proposed project for it suggests a more efficient and manageable access to field work aside from being suited for different ecotourism and water sports
activities. To further emphasize the highlights of the site, shown is figure 35 which will disclose the distance of Site 2 to the different marine attractions while on
figure 36 is the graphical presentation of the microanalysis of the site. Also, Figures 37 to 44 are actual photographs of the proposed project site which will further
describe and substantiate the potential of the chosen site for development. Finally, Figure 45 shows the technical description of the proposed project site.

Source of Raw Figure: Google Earth
Figure 35. The chosen sites in relation to marine life ecosystems

Source of Raw Figure: Google Earth

Figure 36. Site Analysis of the chosen site in Brgy. Dancalan

Figure 37. The central portion of the lot taken from the Figure 38. The central portion of the lot taken from the
Northern tip of the lot. middle portion of the side of the lot along
beach front (southern edge)

Figure 39. The portion of the lot taken from the mid-southern Figure 40. Portion of the lot taken from western boundary
portion of the lot, facing Burias Pass. of the lot facing the mangrove forest along the eastern portion.

Figure 41. The view of the lot on the eastern part adjacent to Figure 42. The beach front of the lot (southern tip).
the mangrove forest.

Figure 43. Shown is the portion of Donsol River and the Figure 44. A photo of the Donsol River delta taken from the
Mangrove forest on the eastern boundary of the lot. bridge connecting the site to the Poblacion. Encircled is tip the
Mangrove forest adjacent to the southeastern part of the lot.

Figure 37. The Technical description of the proposed site.

Chapter 8
SYNTHESIS
Presented on Table 10 is the summary of the outcome of the study on the Proposed Donsol Marine Life Exposition and Research Center
which was completed after a careful, systematic and tedious processes involving various historical, descriptive and experimental methodologies.
Table 10.
The Summary of Research Output
Project Title Proposed Donsol Marine Life Exposition and Research Center
Project Site To be constructed in a 9.7 hectare relatively flat lot bounded by mangrove forests, Donsol River, Burias
Pass and a vacant lot on various sides; classified as part of Tourism Development Zone; located
specifically in Barangay Dancalan, Donsol, Sorsogon.
Building Form The general motif of form shall be contemporary or modern. The main motif of form would be water or
sea which will be depicted by a waving or rippling form which will be accentuated by iconic forms of
whale sharks, corals and fishes.
Space Plan and Site Development The proposed amenities in the proposed project shall be group according to its functional interrelation

which will be juxtaposed within the site utilizing the cluster type of space arrangement. The proposed
grouping of spaces will constitute the main amenities of the project are hospitality facilities, local
product exposition center, advocacy center, marine life research center, recreation center, marine life
interaction facilities, marine life pre and post interaction facilities, and support facilities. The site
development shall be enforced with endemic ornamental plants and trees aside from using the locally
produced hardscape materials (of vernacular shapes and form).
Building Operation and Utilities The project shall be utilizing the modern and efficient ways of signal systems. To limit the usage of
wires, cables, conduits, pipes and other materials for economic and environmental purposes, it shall
consider internet based and wireless time reference devices, telephone and other communication
systems. All street lights shall be provided with electronic sensor switches to ensure efficiency.
Communication system and security checking shall be utilizing electronics gadgets and equipment to
ensure efficiency. All signal systems shall also comply with Republic Act 9292, otherwise known as
Electronic Engineering Law to further ensure efficiency.
The project shall consider gray and storm water collection and treatment to sustain the need for
constant maintenance of landscape entities aside from reusing it to supply majority if not all water
closets. There shall be solid waste segregation system within the building which will be supported by
sufficient physical facilities and structures such as waste segregation and recovery area, composting

area, and residual waste temporary handling and pre-hauling area.
To be able to achieve energy efficiency, the building interiors shall predominantly utilize the natural
daylight through large glazing and openings along North and South directions; skylight lights and even
unclosed but roofed assembly spaces if there would be opportunity. Interiors shall be painted with light
colors to lessen the need for artificial lighting. During night time, all main structures shall be lighted
with low wattage flood lights. These flood lights shall be energized by the solar power collecting panels
during day time which would be attached on the roofs of larger buildings. There would as well be
exterior (direct and indirect) low wattage exterior lightings to enhance the landscape at night which
would be powered by slow-turning windmills or wind catchers during times wherein southwest
monsoon is prevailing. Individual solar powered street lights shall be provided to maximize the solar
energy potential of the place. All exterior lighting facilities shall be provided with electronic sensors to
further boost energy conservation.
Materials and Construction System The proposed project would be constructed by means of combined precast, steel, and concrete
construction systems. The structural element shall predominantly utilize concrete foundation and high
density galvanized steel structural shapes coated with an anti-rust polymeric plasters; the building
envelope would be utilizing claddings of PVC Coated polyester high density yarn to lessen the effect of
saline sea breeze; while the building interiors shall utilize, traditional materials within the area such as

bamboo, volcanic stones and other bamboo based product shall enhance building interiors. This would
serve as the biogenic and kinesthetic buffer so as not to create an alienating feeling for the townsfolk
Approximate Cost The approximate cost of the project is Php 242, 598, 800.00

Chapter 9
DESIGN TRANSLATIONS
Presented on this chapter are the translations of derived structured concept into architectural drawings as a way of substantiating the direct
and indirect accomplishment of objectives. The presentation includes site development plan, as well as floor plans, elevations, sections and
perspectives of significant structures. Worded statements to explain the drawings were intentionally simplified to let the architectural presentations
speak for itself.
A. SITE DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Presented on Figure 38 is the site development plan of the proposed Donsol Marine Life Exposition and Research Center. The highlights of
the site is the systematic juxtaposition of functional grouping in reference to the geographical features of the lot, site circulation concept,
accessibility, as well as occupancy grouping.

Figure 38. The Site Development Plan

B. LOCAL PRODUCT EXPOSITION CENTER
The rippling form of the Local Product Exposition Center as shown on figure 39 bear a resemblance to the waves which is the main concept
of the significant buildings of the project. The shape further iconically depicts a ―basket‖ which was interlocked in the rippling form.
The plan of the Local Product Exposition Center was a compact arrangement of spaces as an offshoot of the interrelationship analysis and
qualitative analysis of function. The floor plans of this building is shown on figure 40 and 41. Furthermore, the interior perspective, the sections and
the elevations which show the substantiations of design analysis such as building height, fenestration, glazing, floor elevation and interior elements
are marked as figures 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 and 48.
Figure 39. The Perspective of the Local Product Exposition Center

Figure 40. The Ground Floor Plan of the Local Product Exposition Center

Figure 41. The Mezzanine Floor Plan of the Local Product Exposition Center

Figure 42. The Front Elevation of the Local Product Exposition Center
Figure 43. The Rear Elevation of the Local Product Exposition Center

Figure 44. The Right Side Elevation of the Local Product Exposition Center
Figure 45. The Left Side Elevation of the Local Product Exposition Center

Figure 46. The Longitudinal Section of the Local Product Exposition Center
Figure 47. The Cross Section of the Local Product Exposition Center

Figure 48. The Interior Perspective of the Local Product Exposition Center

C. ADVOCACY CENTER
The form of the Advocacy Center as shown on its perspective in figure 49 resembles the rippling waves and the iconic shape of a Butanding.
The plan was generally a linear arrangement of spaces as derived from the process of interrelationship analysis. The floor plans are shown on
figures 50 and 51 while the elevations which further show the substantiations of design analysis such as building height, fenestration, glazing, floor
elevation and interior elements are marked as figures 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57 and 58.
Figure 49. The Perspective of the Advocacy Center

Figure 50. The Ground Floor Plan of the Advocacy Center

Figure 51. The Second Floor Plan of the Advocacy Center

Figure 52. The Front Elevation of the Advocacy Center
Figure 53. The Rear Elevation of the Advocacy Center

Figure 54. The Right Side Elevation of the Advocacy Center
Figure 55. The Left Side Elevation of the Advocacy Center

Figure 56. The Longitudinal Section of the Advocacy Center
Figure 57. The Cross Section of the Advocacy Center

Figure 58. The Interior Perspective of the Advocacy Center

D. ADMINISTRATION BUILDING
The Administration Building as shown on its perspective in figure 59 resembles the rippling waves. The plan was generally a radial
arrangement of spaces as derived from the process of interrelationship analysis. The floor plans are shown on figures 60 while the elevations which
further show the substantiations of design analysis such as building height, fenestration, glazing, floor elevation and interior elements are marked
as figures 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 and 67.
Figure 59. The Perspective of the Administration Building

Figure 60. The Ground Floor Plan of the Administration Building

Figure 61. The Front Elevation of the Administration Building
Figure 62. The Rear Elevation of the Administration Building

Figure 63. The Right Side Elevation of the Administration Building
Figure 64. The Left Side Elevation of the Administration Building

Figure 65. The Longitudinal Section of the Administration Building
Figure 66. The Cross Section of the Administration Building

Figure 67. The Interior Perspective of the Administration Building

E. HOSPITALITY FACILITIES
The Hospitality Facilities is composed of Lodging Houses which will serve or house the long-time staying tourists, of Main Hospitality Building
which shall serve as the control and management point of this specific group of spaces, and the restaurant which will cater the need for food and
refreshment of the visitors. These spaces shall be arranged in clustered form so as insinuated by the result of interrelationship analysis.
1. Lodging Houses
The lodging house as shown on its perspective in figure 68 resembles the rippling waves. The specific plan was generally a compact as it
maximizes the natural ventilation and light. The floor plans are shown on figures 69 while the elevations which further show the substantiations
of design analysis such as fenestration, glazing, floor elevation and interior elements are marked as figures 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75 and 76.
2. Main Hospitality Building
The main hospitality building which possess similar character as dictated by the derived concept of form is shown on figures 77, 78, 79,
80, 81, 82, 83, 84 and 85.
3. Restaurant
The restaurant which will be placed within the proximity of the two other hospitality facilities similarly confer to the derived concept of
the proposed project as a whole is shown on figures 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93 and 94.

Figure 68. The Perspective of the Lodging Houses

Figure 69. The Ground Floor Plan of the Lodging Houses

Figure 70. The Front Elevation of the Lodging Houses
Figure 71. The Rear Elevation of the Lodging Houses

Figure 72. The Right Side Elevation of the Lodging Houses
Figure 73. The Left Side Elevation of the Lodging Houses

Figure 74. The Longitudinal Section of the Lodging Houses
Figure 75. The Cross Section of the Lodging Houses

Figure 76. The Interior Perspective of the Lodging Houses

Figure 77. The Perspective of the Main Hospitality Building

Figure 78. The Ground Floor Plan of the Main Hospitality Building

Figure 79. The Front Elevation of the Main Hospitality Building
Figure 80. The Rear Elevation of the Main Hospitality Building

Figure 81. The Right Side Elevation of the Main Hospitality Building
Figure 82. The Left Side Elevation of the Main Hospitality Building

Figure 83. The Longitudinal Section of the Main Hospitality Building
Figure 84. The Cross Section of the Main Hospitality Building

Figure 85. The Interior Perspective of the Main Hospitality Building

Figure 86. The Perspective of the Restaurant

Figure 87. The Ground Floor Plan of the Restaurant

Figure 88. The Front Elevation of the Restaurant
Figure 89. The Rear Elevation of the Restaurant

Figure 90. The Right Side Elevation of the Restaurant
Figure 91. The Left Side Elevation of the Restaurant

Figure 92. The Longitudinal Section of the Restaurant
Figure 93. The Cross Section of the Restaurant

Figure 94. The Interior Perspective of the Restaurant

F. MARINE LIFE INTERACTION CENTER, AND PRE AND POST MARINE LIFE INTERACTION CENTER
The Marine Life Interaction Center as well as its twin-facility, the Pre and Post Interaction Center is a combined form of rippling waves and
open-mouth of Butanding is shown on figure 95. Its spaces is basically linear in arrangement considering that it caters a systematic flow of
processes. The plan is shown on figure 96. The elevations however, which give further details as to height, fenestration, ventilations and others are
marked as figure 97, 98, 99 and 100. Other details such as sections and interior perspective are marked as figures 101, 102 and 103.
Figure 95. The Perspective of the Marine Life Interaction Center and Pre and Post Marine Life Interaction Center

Figure 96. The Ground Floor Plan of the Marine Life Interaction Center and Pre and Post Marine Life Interaction Center

Figure 97. The Front Elevation of the Marine Life Interaction Center and Pre and Post Marine Life Interaction Center
Figure 98. The Rear Elevation of the Marine Life Interaction Center and Pre and Post Marine Life Interaction Center

Figure 99. The Right Side Elevation of the Marine Life Interaction Center and Pre and Post Marine Life Interaction Center
Figure 100. The Left Side Elevation of the Marine Life Interaction Center and Pre and Post Marine Life Interaction Center

Figure 101. The Longitudinal Section of Marine Life Interaction Center and Pre and Post Marine Life Interaction Center
Figure 102. The Cross Section of the Marine Life Interaction Center and Pre and Post Marine Life Interaction Center

Figure 103. The Interior Perspective of the Marine Life Interaction Center and Pre and Post Marine Life Interaction Center

G. RECREATIONAL FACILITY BUILDING
The recreational facilities which will serve as the main control point for various outdoor amenities distributed within various geographical
locations within the site possesses a form similar to other main buildings. Its perspective is shown on figure 104 while its plans and elevations are
marked as figures 105, 106, 107, 108 and 109. Furthermore, its sections and interior perspective is shown as figures 110, 111 and 112.
Figure 104. The Perspective of the Recreational Facility Building

Figure 105. The Ground Floor Plan of the Recreational Facility Building

Figure 106. The Front Elevation of the Recreational Facility Building
Figure 107. The Rear Elevation of the Recreational Facility Building

Figure 108. The Right Side Elevation of the Recreational Facility Building
Figure 109. The Left Side Elevation of the Recreational Facility Building

Figure 110. The Longitudinal Section of the Recreational Facility Building
Figure 111. The Cross Section of the Recreational Facility Building

Figure 112. The Interior Perspective of the Recreational Facility Building

H. MARINE LIFE RESEARCH CENTER
The Marine Life Research Center was arranged in a compact-radial manner as shown on its drawings which are marked as figures 113, 114,
115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120 and 121. Furthermore, this facility is a combined representation of rippling wave and indexical image of a certain
configuration of a coral as shown on its perspective in figure 113.
Figure 113. The Perspective of the Marine Life Research Center

Figure 114. The Ground Floor Plan of the Marine Life Research Center

Figure 115. The Front Elevation of the Marine Life Research Center
Figure 116. The Rear Elevation of the Marine Life Research Center

Figure 117. The Right Side Elevation of the Marine Life Research Center
Figure 118. The Left Side Elevation of the Marine Life Research Center

Figure 119. The Longitudinal Section of the Marine Life Research Center
Figure 120. The Cross Section of the Marine Life Research Center

Figure 121. The Interior Perspective of the Marine Life Research Center

I. SAFETY AND SECURITY BUILDING
The Safety and Security Building, although it could be considered as a minor building similarly confer to the general motif of the form. It also
follows a compact arrangement of spaces as derived in the qualitative analysis of function as well as interrelationship matrix. Details of this building
are marked as figures 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129 and 130.
Figure 122. The Perspective of the Safety and Security Building

Figure 123. The Ground Floor Plan of the Safety and Security Building

Figure 124. The Front Elevation of the Safety and Security Building
Figure 125. The Rear Elevation of the Safety and Security Building

Figure 126. The Right Side Elevation of the Safety and Security Building
Figure 127. The Left Side Elevation of the Safety and Security Building

Figure 128. The Longitudinal Section of the Safety and Security Building
Figure 129. The Cross Section of the Safety and Security Building

Figure 130. The Interior Perspective of the Safety and Security Building

APPENDICES

A P P E N D I X A – DESIGN STANDARDS

NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
RULE VII - CLASSIFICATION AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF ALL BUILDINGS BY USE OR OCCUPANCY
SECTION 701. Occupancy Classified
Group B - Residential, Hotels and Apartments
Group B Occupancies shall be multiple dwelling units including boarding or lodging houses, hotels, apartment buildings, row houses, convents,
monasteries and other similar building each of which accommodates more than 10 persons.
Group E - Business and Mercantile
Division 2 - Wholesale and retail stores, office buildings, drinking and dining establishments having an occupant load of less than one hundred
persons, printing plants, police and fire stations, factories and workshops using not highly flammable or combustible materials and paint stores
without bulk handlings.
Group H - Assembly Other Than Group I
Division 3 - Any assembly building without a stage and having an occupant load of less than 300 in the building.
Group J – Accessory
Division 2 - Private garages, carports, fences over 1.80 meters high, tanks, swimming pools and towers.

SECTION 705. Allowable Floor Areas
1. General. The Allowable Maximum Total Gross Floor Area (TGFA) of any proposed building/structure shall only be as allowed under this Rule.
2. TGFA Limitation. In Table VII.1. hereafter, the percentages (%) indicated in the third (3rd) through eighth (8th) columns, but excluding the multiplier
numbers 3, 5, 12, 18, and 30 (which represent the number of storeys/floors), are the percentages of the Total Lot Area (TLA) that may be used to
initially determine the Allowable Maximum TGFA for a proposed building/structure.
3. Crosscheck of TGFA with Allowable Maximum Volume Building (AMVB). The Allowable Maximum TGFA once established must be thoroughly
crosschecked with the AMVB to find out if the AMVB is not exceeded. If exceeded, the necessary adjustments on the Maximum Allowable TGFA
must be made since the AMVB must always prevail.

Table A.1
Allowable Maximum TGFA Based on Allowable PSO of the TLA

SECTION 707. Maximum Height of Buildings
1. The maximum height and number of storeys of proposed building shall be dependent upon the character of use or occupancy and the type of
construction, considering end- user population density, light and ventilation, width of RROW/streets particularly of its roadway/carriageway
component, building bulk, off-street cum off-site parking requirements, etc. and in relation to local land use plan and zoning regulations as well
as other environmental considerations, e.g., geological, hydrological, meteorological, topographical, prevailing traffic conditions, the availability and
capacity of public utility/service systems, etc. (Refer to Guidelines on Building Bulk at the end of this Rule)
2. Determination of Building Height:
a. BUILDING HEIGHT LIMIT (BHL) - the maximum height to be allowed for buildings/structures based on their proposed use or occupancy;
the BHL is generally determined after the application of other development controls (DC) and certain other parameters, i.e., considerations
of site conditions, view, etc. (Table VII.2. of this Rule). The BHL shall be generally measured from the established grade line to the
topmost portion of the proposed building/structure. If applicable, the BHL may be subject to clearance requirements of the Air
Transportation Office (ATO) or of the concerned military/security authorities. (Refer to Guidelines on Development Controls at the end this
Rule)
BHL excludes the height of permitted/allowed projections above the roof of the building/structure, e.g., signage, mast, antenna, telecom
tower, beacons and the like.

b. The Building Height Limit (BHL) of any proposed building/structure shall only be as allowed under this Rule (as shown in table below) or
under the duly approved city/municipal (local) zoning ordinance, whichever is more restrictive.
Table A.2
Building Height Limit (BHL) by Type of Use or Occupancy

Parking Slot, Parking Area and Loading/Unloading Space Requirements
a. The parking slot, parking area and loading/unloading space requirements listed hereafter are generally the minimum off-street cum on-site
requirements for specific uses/occupancies for buildings/structures, i.e., all to be located outside of the road right-of-way (RROW).
b. The size of an average automobile (car) parking slot must be computed at 2.50 meters by 5.00 meters for perpendicular or diagonal parking and at
2.15 meters by 6.00 meters for parallel parking. A standard truck or bus parking/loading slot must be computed at a minimum of 3.60 meters by
12.00 meters. An articulated truck slot must be computed at a minimum of 3.60 meters by 18.00 meters which should be sufficient to
accommodate a 12.00 meters container van or bulk carrier and a long/hooded prime mover. A jeepney or shuttle parking/loading/unloading slot
must be computed at a minimum of 3.00 meters by 9.00 meters. The parking slots shall be drawn to scale and the total number of which shall be
indicated on the plans and specified whether or not parking accommodations are attendant-managed.
c. The parking space ratings listed below are minimum off-street/off-RROW cum on-site requirements for specific uses/occupancies for
buildings/structures, i.e., all to be located outside of the road right-of-way (RROW):

Table A.3
Minimum Required Off-Street (Off-RROW) cum On-Site Parking Slot, Parking Area and Loading/Unloading Space Requirements by Allowed Use or
Occupancy
Specific Uses or of Occupancy (refer to Reference Uses or Character of Occupancies or Minimum Required Parking Slot, Parking Area and
Section 701 of this Rule) Type of Buildings/Structures Loading
Space Requirements
GROUP B
Pension/boarding/lodging houses One (1) car slot for every twenty (20) beds
GROUP D
Restaurants, fast-food centers, bars and One (1) car slot for every 20 sq. meters of
beerhouses customer area:
(C) and two (2) tourist parking slots for tourist bus
parking slots for each theater-restaurant
GROUP H
Public recreational assembly buildings such as One (1) car slot and one (1) jeepney/shuttle slot
theaters/cinemas, auditoria, etc. for every
50.00 sq. meters of spectator area; and one (1)
bus parking slot for every two hundred (200)
spectators

RULE VIII - LIGHT AND VENTILATION
SECTION 801. General Requirements of Light and Ventilation
1. Subject to the provisions of the Civil Code of the Philippines on Easements of Light and View, and to the specific provisions of the Code, every building
shall be designed, constructed, and equipped to provide adequate light and ventilation. (Refer to Guidelines on Easements, View Corridors/Sight Lines
and Basements at the end of this Rule)
2. All buildings shall face a street or public alley or a private street which has been duly approved.
3. No building shall be altered nor arranged so as to reduce the size of any room or the relative area of windows to less than that provided for buildings
under this Rule, or to create an additional room, unless such additional room conforms to the requirements of this Rule.
4. No building shall be enlarged so that the dimensions of the required court or yard would be less than what is prescribed for such building lot.
SECTION 802. Measurement of Site Occupancy
1. The measurement of site occupancy or lot occupancy shall be taken at the ground level and shall be exclusive of courts, yards, and light wells.
2. Courts, yards, and light wells shall be measured clear of all projections from the walls enclosing such wells or yards with the exception of roof leaders,
wall copings, sills, or steel fire escapes not exceeding 1.20 meters in width.

SECTION 803. Percentage of Site Occupancy
1. The measurement of the percentage (%) of site occupancy (or lot occupancy) shall be taken at the ground level and shall be exclusive of courts, yards
and light wells. Courts, yards, and light wells shall be measured clear of all projections from the walls enclosing such wells or yards with the exception
of roof leaders, wall copings, sills, or steel fire escapes not exceeding 1.20 meters in width.
2. In case of proposed additional construction on a lot on which another building/structure already stands, the Percentage of Site Occupancy (PSO)
arising out of such existing buildings/structures must be included in the computation of the PSO for the Total Lot Area (TLA). In case of
discrepancy between the specified Maximum Allowable PSO and the other light and ventilation provisions under this Rule, the resulting lesser
building/structure footprint or gross floor area at the ground floor (or at grade level) must prevail.
3. Maximum site occupancy shall be governed by use, type of construction, and height of the building and the use, area, nature and location of the
site; and subject to the provisions of the local zoning requirements and in accordance with the following types of open spaces:
a. Public open spaces - streets, alleys, easements of sea/lakeshores, rivers, creeks, esteros, railroad tracks, parks/plazas, playgrounds, and the
like.
b. Total Open Spaces within Lot (TOSL) - courts, yards, gardens, light wells, uncovered driveways, access roads and parking spaces
consisting of two (2) types:

i. Paved or tiled (hardscaped areas); sub-classification of open space shall fall under Maximum Allowable Impervious Surface Areas
(ISA) within the Total Lot Area (TLA); and
ii. Unpaved areas within the lot that are with exposed soil and planted (softscaped), i.e., the Unpaved Surface Areas (USA); this sub-
classification is the true open space.
Table A.4
Reference Table of Maximum Allowable PSO, Maximum Allowable ISA, the MACA, the Minimum USA and the TOSL by Type of Land Use Zoning per Lot
Building/ Structure Use or % of Total Lot Area (TLA)

Occupancy (or Land Use) Maximum
Duly-Approved Zoning b Maximum Allowable PSO Allowable ISAc (Paved Minimum USA (Unpaved
c,d Open Spaces) Open Spaces) TOSL d (ISA + USA)
Commercial Commercial 1 70 e 20 10 30
(Com-1) 80 f 10 10 20
Commercial 2 75 e 20 5 25
(Com-2)
85 f 10 5 15
Commercial 3 80 e 15 5 20
(Com-3)
90 f 5 5 10
Parks and
Open Recreational Spaces
- 20 30 50 80

Section 804. Minimum Setback
Table A.5
Minimum Setback
Road Right-of-Way (RROW)

Width Front Side Rear
(meters) (meters) (meters) (meters)
30.00 & above 8.00 5.00 5.00
25.00 to 29.00 6.00 3.00 3.00
20.00 to 24.00 5.00 3.00 3.00
10.00 to 19.00 5.00 2.00 2.00
Below 10.00 5.00 2.00 2.00
SECTION 805. Ceiling Heights
1. Habitable rooms provided with artificial ventilation shall have ceiling heights not less than 2.40 meters measured from the floor to the ceiling; provided
that for buildings of more than one (1) storey, the minimum ceiling height of the first storey shall be 2.70 meters and that for the second story 2.40
meters and the succeeding stories shall have an unobstructed typical head-room clearance of not less than 2.10 meters above the finished floor.
Above- stated rooms with natural ventilation shall have ceiling heights of not less than 2.70 meters.
2. Mezzanine floors shall have a clear ceiling height not less than 1.80 meters above and below it.

SECTION 806. Sizes and Dimensions of Rooms
1. Minimum sizes of rooms and their least horizontal dimensions shall be as follows:
a. Rooms for Human Habitations - 6.00 sq. meters with a least dimension of 2.00 meters;
b. Kitchen - 3.00 sq. meters with a least dimension of 1.50 meters; and
c. Bath and toilet - 1.20 sq. meters with a least dimension of 900 millimeters.
SECTION 807. Air Space Requirements in Determining the Size of Rooms
1. Minimum air space shall be provided as follows:
A. School Rooms - 3.00 cu. meters with 1.00 sq. meter of floor area per person;
b. Workshop, Factories, and Offices - 12.00 cu. meters of air space per person; and c. Habitable Rooms - 14.00 cu. meters of air space per person.
SECTION 808. Window Openings
1. Rooms intended for any use, not provided with artificial ventilation system, shall be provided with a window or windows with a total free area of
openings equal to at least 10% of the floor area of the room, provided that such opening shall be not less than 1.00 sq. meter. However, toilet and
bath rooms, laundry rooms and similar rooms shall be provided with window or windows with an area not less than 1/20 of the floor area of such
rooms, provided that such opening shall not be less than 240 sq. millimeters. Such window or windows shall open directly to a court, yard, public
street or alley, or open watercourse.

SECTION 810. Ventilation Skylights
1. Ventilation skylights shall have a glass area not less than that required for the windows that are replaced. They shall be equipped with movable sashes
or louvers with an aggregate net free area not less than the parts in the replaced window that can be opened, or else provide artificial ventilation
of equivalent effectiveness.
Median and lane width of alley/roadways/carriageways
Table A.6
Suggested Median and Lane Widths Within Alleys/Roadways/Carriageways by Minimum RROW Width and by Suggested Vehicle Speeds
Suggested Minimum Required Width Range of Suggested Minimum to Suggested Suggested Minimum to
Range of Total Alley or RROW of Alley or Roadway/ Carriageway Maximum Vehicle Speeds Along Alley Minimum to Maximum Lane Widths
Width (meters) (meters) or Roadway (kilometers/hour) Maximum Median (meters)
Widths (meters)
2.00 (for 3.00 meters Alley ROW) 2.00

1.00 to None one way car passage
4.00 (for 6.00 meters 15.00
3.00 to 6.00 RROW) None 2.10 each way
4.81 (for 6.01 meters
RROW) 16.00 to None 2.40
13.40 (for 20.00 meters 30.00 Each way
6.10 to 20.00 RROW) 1.20 to 2.00 2.80 to 3.00
13.50 (for 20.10 meters
RROW) 31.00 to 1.20 to 4.50 1. 20 to 4. 80

26.80 (for 40.00 meters RROW) 60.00
20.10 to 40.00 3. 00 to 3. 30 3.3 to 3.50
26.90 (for 40.10 meters

RROW) 1.50 to 5.00 1.50 to 5.50
40.10 to 61.00 and above
60.00 and above 40.00
(for 60.00 meters 3.50 to 3.80 3.80 to 4.00
RROW)

ANTHROPOMETRIC DESIGN STANDARDS
A. Anthropometric Data : Adult Standing

B. Anthropometric Data : Adult Working-Standing

C. Anthropometric Data : Adult Working-Seated

D. Anthropometric Data : Children


FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
Division 7
Places of Assembly
Section 3.791. General Requirements
A. Location, Occupancy and Occupant Loads
2. Occupancy and Occupant Loads
...
b. This type of occupancy is classified according to its capacity as Class A- capacity of 1,000 persons or more; Class B- capacity of 300 to 1,000
persons an; Class C- capacity of 50 to 300 persons.
c. The occupant load permitted in any assembly, building, structure or portion thereof shall be determined by dividing the floor area or space
assigned to that use by the square meter per occupant as follows: assembly area of concentrated use without fixed seats is 0.65 sqm per
person; assembly area of leass concentrated use is 1.4 sqm per person; and standing room or waiting space is 0.28 sqm per person. Every
room constituting place of assembly and not having fixed seats shall have the occupants load of the room posted in a conspicuous place near
the main exit of the room.
B. Exit Details
1. Minimum Number of Exits

The minimum number of exits for assembly occupancies depends on the classification of assembly area as shown below:
a. Class A = at least 4 separate exits as remote from each other as practicable
b. Class B = at least 2 separate exits as remote from each other as practicable
c. Class C = at least 2 means of exits. Consisting of separate exits of doors leading or a corridor or other spaces giving access to 2 separate and
independent exits in different directions.
4. Travel Distance to Exits
Exits shall be arranged the the total length of travel from any point to reach an exit will not exceed forty-six (46) meters in any place of
assembly for spaces not protected by automatic fire suppression and sixty-one (61) meters for protected areas.
Section 3.702 Outdoor Assembly.
All grandstands and other places of outdoor assemblies shall comply with the requirements of NEPA Pamphet No. 102 Standards for tents, grandstands
and air-supported structures used for public assembly.
Division 11
Mercantile Occupancies
Section 3.1101 General Requirements
A. Classification of Occupancy

2. Subclassification of Occupancy
a. Mercantile occupancies shall be classified as Class A – stores having aggregate gross floor area of 2,787 sqm or more, or utilizing any
balcony, mezzanine or floor above or below street floor level for sales purposes; Class C – stores having 278 sqm or less gross area used for
sales purposes on street level; a balcony or mezzanine floor having an area less than ½ of the floor below shall not be counted as floor level for
the purpose of applying this classification.
b. if there are 2 balconies or mezzanine floors, 1 shall be counted.
C. Occupant Load
1. The occupant load of mercantile buildings or parts of building used for mercantile purpose must not less than the following:
a. Street floor/sales floor below the street level = 2.80 sqm per person.
b. Upper floors = 5.60 sqm per person.
c. Floors or sections used for offices, storage, shipping and not open to general public = 9.3 sqm per person.
d. Covered malls = 2.8 sqm per person.
Section 3.1102 Exit Details
D. Number of Exits
The number of exits is determined according to its classification as follows:

1. Class A and B = at least 2 separate exits shall be accessible from every floor, including floors below the street level.
2. Class C = at least 2 separate exits shall be provided as specified by the preceding paragraph above. 1 exit shall be permitted if the
store is not more than 15.50 – meter away for the street door.
F. Travel Distance to Exits
The travel distance to exits measured shall be no more than 30.50 meters. An increase in travel distance to 46 meters shall be permitted if the
building is protected with automatic fire suppression system.
Division 15
Miscellaneous Structures
Section 3.1502 Piers and Water-Surrounded Structures
A. This refers to water-surrounded structures or piers occupied as a place of amusement, passenger terminal or used for any purpose other than for
securing vessels and handling cargo.
B. Any pier extending 46 meters from the shoreline must be arranged to minimize the possibility that fire in or under pier may block escape of
occupants to shore by one or more of the following measures:
1. It must be provided with 2 separate ways of travel to shore as by 2 well-separated walkways or independent structures.
2. It should be completely opened and unobstructed and is 15 meters wide if less than 152 meters long; or width is not less than10% of its
length if more than152 meters long.

NATIONAL PLUMBING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
Section 410. Plumbing Fixtures Required
Each building shall be provided with sanitary facilities. The minimum prescribed ratios of fixtures and number of occupants according to applicable use
or type occupancy for this project, are listed below.
Table A.7
Minimum Plumbing Facilities
Type building Water Closets Urinals Lavatories Drinking

or Occupacy (Fixtures per (Fixtures per (fixtures per fountain
Person) Person) Person)
Assembly places- Male Female Male Female
Theaters, 1: 1-100
Auditoriums, 1: 1-15 1: 1-15 2: 101-200 1: 1- 1: 1-200
Convention 2: 16- 2: 16- 3: 201-400 200 2: 201-
hallsm etc. – for 35 35 4: 401-600 2: 201- 400 1 per 75
public use. 3: 36- 3: 36- 400 3: 401-
55 55 Over 600 add 1 3: 401- 750
fixtures for each 750
Over 400 add 1 additional 500 Over 750, add 1
fixtures for each males fixtures for each
additional 500 additional 500
males and 2 for persons
each 300 females
Restaurants, 1: 1-50 1: 1-15 1: 1-150 1: 1-150 1: 1-150

Rubs and 2: 16- 3: 16- Over 150 add 1 2: 151- 2: 151-
Lounges 35 35 fixtures for each 200 200

3: 150- 4: 36- addition 150 3: 201- 3: 201-
300 55 males 400 400
Over 300, add 1 Over 400, add 1
fixtures for each fixtures for each
additional 200 additional 400
persons persons
Office or Public 1: 1-15 1: 1-15 0: 1-9 1 per 40 1 per 40

Buildings – for 2: 16- 2: 16- 1: 10-50
employee use 35 35 Add 1 fixture for
3: 36- 3: 36- each additional
55 55 50 males
Over 55, add 1

fixtures for each
additional 40
persons

B.P. 344 – ACCESSIBILITY LAW
Minimum Requirements for Accessibility
A. OUTSIDE AND AROUND BUILDINGS
1. DROPPED CURBS
A. Changes in level walkways should be by a dropped curb.
B. Dropped curbs should be provided at pedestrian crossings and at the end of walkways of a private street or access road.
C. Dropped curbs at crossings have a width corresponding to the width of the crossing; otherwise, the minimum width is 0.90 m.
D. Dropped curbs shall be ramped towards adjoining curbs with a gradient not more than 1:12.
E. Dropped curbs shall be sloped towards the road with a maximum cross gradient of 1:20 to prevent water from collecting at the walkway.
F. The lowest point of a dropped curb should not exceed 25 mm from the road or gutter.
2. CURB CUT-OUTS
A. Curb cut-outs should only be allowed when it will not obstruct a walkway or in any way lessen the width of a walkway.
B. The minimum width of a curb cut-out should be 0.90 M.
C. Curb cut-outs should have a gradient not more than 1:12.
3. WALKWAYS AND PASSAGEWAYS
A. Walkways should be kept as level as possible and provided with slip-resistant material.
B. Whenever and wherever possible, walkways should have a gradient no more than 1:20 or 5%.

C. Walkways should have a maximum cross gradient of 1:100.
D. Walkways should have a minimum width of 1.20 meters.
E. Walkways should have a continuing surface without abrupt pitches in angle or interruptions by cracks or breaks creating edges above 6.50
mm.
F. In lengthy or busy walkways, spaces should be provided at some point along the route so that a wheelchair may pass another or turn
around. These spaces should have a minimum dimension of 1.50 m and should be spaced at a maximum distance of 12:00 m between
stops.
G. Walkway headroom should not be less than 2.0 m and preferably higher.
H. Passageways for the disabled should not be obstructed by street furniture, bollards, sign posts or columns along the defined route,
as they can be hazardous.
4. HANDRAILS
A. Handrails shall be installed at 0.90 m and 0.70 m above steps or ramps. Handrails for protection at great heights may be installed at 1.0 m to
1.06 m.
B. A 0.30 m long extension of the handrail should be provided at the start and end of ramps and stairs.
C. Handrails that require full grip should have a dimension of 30 mm to 50 mm.
D. Handrails attached to walls should have a clearance no less than 50 mm from the wall. Handrails on ledges should have a clearance not less
than 40 mm.

5. OPEN SPACES
A. Where open spaces are provided, the blind can become particularly disoriented. Therefore, it is extremely helpful if any walkway or paths
can be given defined edges either by the use of planters with dwarf walls, or a grass verge, or similar, which provides a texture different from
the path.
6. SIGNAGES
A. Directional and informational sign should be located at points conveniently seen even by a person on a wheelchair and those with visual
impairments;
B. Signs should be kept simple and easy to understand; signages should be made of contrasting colors and contrasting gray matter to make
detection and reading easy;
C. The international symbol for access should be used to designate routes and facilities that are accessible;
D. Should a sign protrude into a walkway or route, a minimum headroom of 2.0 meters should be provided;
E. Signs on walls and doors should be located at a maximum height of 1.60 M. and a minimum height of 1.40 meters.
F. Signages labeling public rooms and places should have raised symbols, letters or numbers with minimum height of 1 mm; braille symbols
should be included in signs indicating public places and safety routes;
7. CROSSINGS
A. In order to reduce the exposure time to vehicular traffic, all at grade crossing should;
a. Be as near perpendicular to the carriageway as possible.

b. Be located at the narrowest, most convenient part of the carriageway.
c. Have central refuges of at least 1.5 m in depth and preferably 2 m, provided as a midcrossing shelter, where the width of carriageway to
be crossed exceeds 10 m.
B. All crossings should be located close if not contiguous with the normal pedestrian desire line.
C. Provide tactile blocks in the immediate vicinity of crossings as an aid to the blind. The tactile surface has to be sufficiently high enough to be
felt through the sole of the shoe but low enough not to cause pedestrian to trip, or to effect the mobility of wheelchair users.
D. The most beneficial form of crossing as far as any disabled are concerned is the light controlled crossing having pedestrian phases and
synchronized audible signals and should, wherever possible, be provided in preference to other types of crossings as determined by the duly
authorized agency.
E. The flashing green period required for the disabled should be determined on the basis of a walking speed of 0.90 m/sec. rather than 1.20
m/sec. which is what is normally used. The minimum period for the steady green (for pedestrians) should not be less than 6 seconds or
the crossing distance times 0.90 m/sec., whichever is the greatest.
B. PARKING
A. Parking spaces for the disabled should allow enough space for a person to transfer to a wheelchair from a vehicle;
B. Accessible parking spaces should be located as close as possible to building entrances or to accessible entrances;
C. Whenever and wherever possible, accessible parking spaces should be perpendicular or to an angle to the road or circulation aisles;
D. Accessible parking slots should have a minimum width of 3.70 m.;

E. A walkway from accessible spaces of 1.20 m. clear width shall be provided between the front ends of parked cars;
F. Provide dropped curbs or curb cut-outs to the parking level where access walkways are raised;
G. Pavement markings, signs or other means shall be provided to delineate parking spaces for the handicapped;
H. Parking spaces for the disabled should never be located at ramped or sloping areas;
C. INSIDE BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES
1. ENTRANCES
A. Entrances should be accessible from arrival and departure points to the interior lobby;
B. One (1) entrance level should be provided where elevators are accessible;
C. In case entrances are not on the same level of the site arrival grade, ramps should be provided as access to the entrance level;
D. Entrances with vestibules shall be provided a level area with at least a 1.80 m. depth and a 1.50 m. width;
2. RAMPS
A. Changes in level require a ramp except when served by a dropped curb, an elevator or other mechanical device;
B. Ramps shall have a minimum clear width of 1.20 m;
C. The maximum gradient shall be 1:12;
D. The length of a ramp should not exceed 6:00 m. if the gradient is 1:12; longer ramps whose gradient is 1:12 shall be provided with landings not
less than 1.50 m.;
E. A level area not less than 1.80 m. should be provided at the top and bottom of any ramp;

F. Handrails will be provided on both sides of the ramp at 0.70 m. and 0.90 m. from the ramp level;
G. Ramps shall be equipped with curbs on both sides with a minimum height of 0.10 m.;
H. Any ramp with a rise greater than 0.20 m. and leads down towards an area where vehicular traffic is possible, should have a railing across the
full width of its lower end, not less than 1.80 meters from the foot of the ramp;
3. DOORS
A. All doors shall have a minimum clear width of 0.80 m;
B. Doors should be operable by a pressure or force not more than kg; the closing device pressure an interior door shall not exceed 1 kg.;
C. A minimum clear level space of 1.50 m x 1.50 m shall be provided before and extending beyond a door; EXCEPTION: where a door
shall open onto but not into a corridor, the required clear, level space on the corridor side of the door may be a minimum of 1.20 m.
corridor width;
D. Outswinging doors should be provided at storage rooms, closets and accessible restroom stalls;
E. Latching or non-latching hardware should not require wrist action or fine finger manipulation;
F. Doorknobs and other hardware should be located between 0.82 m. and 1.06 m. above the floor; 0.90 is preferred;
G. Vertical pull handles, centered at 1.06 m. above the floor, are preferred to horizontal pull bars for swing doors or doors with locking devices;
H. Doors along major circulation routes should be provided with kick plates made of durable materials at a height of 0.30 m. to 0.40 m;
4. THRESHOLDS

A. Thresholds shall be kept to a minimum; whenever necessary, thresholds and sliding door tracks shall have a maximum height of 25 mm and
preferably ramped;
5. SWITCHES
A. Manual switches shall be positioned within 1.20 m to 1.30 m above the floor;
B. Manual switches should be located no further than 0.20 from the latch side of the door;
6. CORRIDORS
A. Corridors shall have minimum clear width of 1.20 m.; waiting areas and other facilities or spaces shall not obstruct the minimum
clearance requirement;
B. Recesses or turnabout spaces should be provided for wheelchairs to turn around or to enable another wheelchair to
pass; these spaces shall have a minimum area of 1.50 m x 1.50 m. and shall be spaced at a maximum of 12.00 m.;
C. Turnabout spaces should also be provided at or within 3.50 m. of every dead end;
7. WASHROOMS & TOILETS
A. Accessible water closet stalls shall have a minimum area of 1.70 x 1.80 mts. One movable grab bar and one fixed to the adjacent wall shall be
installed at the accessible water closet stall for lateral mounting; fixed grab bars on both sides of the wall shall be installed for stalls for frontal
mounting;
B. A turning space of 2.25 sq.m. with a minimum dimension of 1.50 m. for wheelchair shall be provided for water closet stalls for lateral
mounting;

C. 4. All accessible public toilets shall have accessories such as mirrors, paper dispensers, towel racks and fittings such as faucets
mounted at heights reachable by a person in a wheelchair;
D. The minimum number of accessible water closets on each floor level or on that part of a floor level accessible to the disabled shall be one (1)
where the total number of water closets per set on that level is 20; and two (2) where the number of water closets exceed 20;
E. In order to aid visually impaired persons to readily determine whether a washroom is for men or for women, the signage for men's washroom
door shall be an equilateral triangle with a vertex pointing upward, and those for women shall be a circle; the edges of the triangle should be
0.30 m long as should be the diameter of the circle; these signages should at least be 7.5 mm thick; the color and gray value of the doors; the
words "men" and "women" or the appropriate stick figures should still appear on the washroom doors for the convenience of the fully sighted;
Note: the totally blind could touch the edge of the signs and easily determine whether it is straight or curved;
F. The maximum height of water closets should be 0.45 m.; flush control should have a maximum height of 1.20 mts.
G. Maximum height of lavatories should be 0.80 m. with a knee recess of 0.60 - 0.70 M. vertical clearance and a 0.50 m. depth.
H. Urinals should have an elongated lip or through type; the maximum height of the lip should be 0.48 m.
8. STAIRS
A. Tread surfaces should be a slip-resistant material; nosings may be provided with slip-resistant strips to further minimize slipping:
B. A tactile strip 0.30 m. wide shall be installed before hazardous areas such as sudden changes in floor levels and at the top and bottom of
stairs; special care must be taken to ensure the proper mounting or adhesion of tactile strips so as not to cause accidents;

A P P E N D I X B – RELATED DOCUMENTS
(see attached documents)
























A P P E N D I X C – LETTERS AND CERTIFICATIONS
(see attached documents)











A P P E N D I X D – ACTUAL PHOTO OF DEFENSE PRESENTATION















REFERENCES:
Burden, E. E. (2002) Illustrated dictionary of architecture (2nd ed.). New York City: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,.
Pickard, Q. (2002) The Architect‘s Handbook. Great Britain: Blackwell Science Ltd.
Ching, F. D. K. (1996). Architecture: form, fpace, and order (2nd ed). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
Dines, N. T., & Brown, K. D. (2001) Landscape architect‘s portable handbook. New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company.
Fajardo Jr., M. B. (2002) Planning and design handbook (2nd ed.). Manila: 5138 Merchandising.
Fajardo Jr., M. B. (2001) Plumbing design and estimates planning and design handbook (2nd ed.). Manila: 5138 Merchandising.
Fengler, M. (2001) Timesaver Standards for Building Types (4th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc..
Randolph, F. H. (2001). Hotel space allotments. Timesaver Standards for Building Types (4th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc..
Salvan, G. S. (1986). Architectural building materials Quezon City: JMC Press Inc..
Salvan, G. S. (1986). Architectural theories of design. Quezon City: JMC Press Inc..
Salvan, G. S. (1986). Architectural utilities I plumbing and sanitary. Quezon City: JMC Press Inc..
Salvan, G. S. (1986). Architectural utilities III lighting and acoustics. Quezon City: JMC Press Inc..
Wang, D., & Groat, L. Architectural research methods. Ottawa, Canada: John Wiley and Sons.
Aca, E. Q., B.S. Stewart, L. Topp. In Prep. Short term movements of whale sharks in the Philippines. Environmental Biology if Fishes.
Alava, M. N. R., A. A. SP. Yaptinchay, R. B. Trono, E. R. Z. Doumbal. (1998). Fishery and trade of whale sharks and manta rays in the Bohol Sea, Philippines.
Terminal report submitted to WWF-Philippines.

Alava, M. N. R. (2003). Philippines: Country report on whale sharks. Report submitted to WWF-Philippines.
Drumm, A. (2003). Sustainably financing protected areas: Applications for success Tourism-based revenue generation mechanism. World Parks Congress,
South Africa.
Eagles, P. F. J. (1997). International ecotourism management: using Africa and Australia as case studies. Paper prepared for the IUNC World Commission on
Protected Areas, Protected Areas in the 21st Century: From Islands to Networks, Albany, Australia, November 23 – 29, 1997, URL:
http://www.ahs.uwaterloo.ca/rec/ecotour.html
Quiros, A. (2005). Whaleshark ―ecotourism‖ing the Philippines and Bleize: evaluating conservation and community benefits. URL:
http://www.yale.edu/tri/pdfs/bulletin2005/04Bull05-Quiros.pdf
Qiuros, A. (2005). Tourism compliance to a Code of Conduct and the resulting effects on whale shark (Rhincodon typus) behavior in Donsol, Philippines. URL:
http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN$cpsidt=18586273
Padilla, J. and M. Tolosa. (2005). Towards a business plan for Donsol community-based ecotourism and coastal resources management project. Sharks. Report
submitted to WWF-Philippines. Stewart, B. S. E. Aca, D. David, L. Topp, C. Topp. 2009. HSWRI Technical Report 2009-367:1-27 10 Soliman, V. S.
2004. Assessment of the municipal capture fisheries of Donsol.
Sorsogon: Analysis of fishing gear inventory, catch and effort and economics. Terminal report submitted to WWF-Philippines.
WWF-Philippines. (1999). Butanding ecotourism development project. Terminal report submitted to United Nations Development Programme.
WWF-Philippines. (2007). Donsol whale shark tourism and coastal resource management: A case study on the Philippines. WWF-Philippines, Quezon City,
Philipines. 41 pp.

Alava, M. N. R., A.A. SP. Yaptinchay, R.B. Trono, E. R. Z. Dolumbal . 1998. Fishery and trade of whale sharks and manta rays in the Bohol Sea, Philippines,
Terminal report submitted to WWF Philippines.
Alava, M. N. R. 2003. Philippines: Country report on whale sharks. Report submitted to WWF Philippines.
Drumm, A. 2003. Sustainably financing protected areas: Applications for success. Tourism-based revenue generation mechanisms. World Parks Congress,
South Africa.
Eagles, P. F. J. 1997. International ecotourism management using Africa and Australia as case studies. Paper prepared for the IUNC World Commission on
Protected Areas, Protected Areas in the 21st Century: From Islands to Networks, Albany, Australia, November 23-29, 1997. URL:
http://www.ahswaterloo.ca/rec/ecotour.htm
Quiros, A. (2005). Whaleshark ―ecotourism‖ing the Philippines and Belize: evaluating conservation and community benefits
Quiros, A. (2005). Tourist compliance to a code of conduct and the resulting effecs on whale shark (Rhincodon typus) behavior in Donsol, Philippines. URL:
http:cat.inist.fr/7aModele-afficheN&epsidt=18586273[21November2007]
Padilla, J. and M. Tolosa, (2005). Towards a business plan for Donsol community-based ecotourism and coastal resources management project sharks. Report
submitted to WWF-Philippines.
Soliman. V.S. (2004). Assessment of the municipal capture fisheries of Donsol, Sorsogon: Analysis of fishing gear inventory, catch and effort and aconomics.
Terminal report submitted to WWF-Philippines.
WWF-Philippines. (1999). Butanding ecotourism development project. Terminal submitted to Unites Nations Development Programme.

Yaptinchay, A. A. (1999). Marine Wildlife Conservation and Community-Based Ecotourism. From Conference Workshop on Ecotourism. Conservation and
Community Development. November 7-12, (1999). Pp. 90-99. VSO Publication. Tagbilaran City, Bohol Philippines.
Web Sites
http:// www.manilaoceanpark.com. Official website of Manila Ocean Park. Retrieved August 8, 2009
http:// www.animals.nationalgeographic.com. Behaviour of Humpback Whales. Retrieved July 29, 2009
http:// www.wwf.org.ph. Donsol: Whaleshark Tourism and Coastal Resource Management. Retrieved July 29, 2009
http:// www.wwf.org.ph. Tubbataha Reefs: A Marine Protected Area That Works. Retrieved July 29, 2009
http:// www.camsurwatersportscomplex.com. Available Lodging Facilities in Camsur. Retrieved July 29, 2009
http:// www.mote.org. Mote Marine Laboratory in Florida. Retrieved July 28, 2009
http://www.sorsogontourism.com. Whale Shark Interaction Guide. Retrieved August 3, 2009
http://globalnation.inquirer.net. Butanding ‗God‘s gift to Donsol. Retrieved August 5, 2009
http://newsinfo.inquirer.net. Rare shark caught in Donsol—WWF. Retrieved August 5, 2009
http://www.whaleshark.org/. ECOCEAN Whale Shark Photo-identification Library. Retrieved July 30, 2009
http://www.yale.edu. Whale Shark ―Ecotourism‖ in the Philippines and Belize. Retrieved July 27, 2009
http://www.phil-ip-pines.com/ecotourism. Philippine Ecotourism Guide. Retrieved July 21, 2009
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whale_shark. Whale Shark. Retrieved August 1, 2009

http://www.donsolecotour.com. Donsol Eco Tour - Discover Whale Shark and Manta Ray in Donsol. Retrieved August 4, 2009
http://www.travel-philippines.com. Donsol, Philippines. Retrieved July 28, 2009
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donsol,_Sorsogon. Donsol, Sorsogon - Wikipedia. Retrieved July 27, 2009
http://www.abs-cbnnews.com. First baby whale shark found in Donsol water. Retrieved July 18, 2009
http://ecosystem-preservation.suite101.com. Multiple Challenges for Local Management of Marine Protected Areas. Retrieved July 25, 2009
http://marinebio.org. Marine Life - Sea creatures, Ocean biology, Marine conservation. Retrieved July 29, 2009
http://www.pusod.org/reef. Philippine Coral Reef Exhibit. Retrieved July 28, 2009
Laws, Codes, Guidelines and Official Documents
B.P. 344: Accessibility Law
P.D. 1096: National Building Code of the Philippines
P.D. 1183: Fire Code of the Philippines
National Plumbing Code of the Philippines

DEL ROSARIO, BARREN PAUL S.
Blk 2 Lot 46 Berlin St. Phase 2 Golden City, Imus, Cavite
(046) 4892155/ (0915) 2857603
brrydelrosario@yahoo.com
Birthdate : April 4, 1989
Age : 20
Civil Status : Single
Nationality : Filipino
Religion : Roman Catholic
EDUCATION
De La Salle University – Dasmariñas De La Carese Montessori
DBB-B, Dasmariñas, Cavite Golden City, Imus, Cavite
2005 – Present 2001 - 2005
Bachelor of Science in Architecture


Marine Life Exposition and Research Center PDF

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originalbeschreibung:

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Marine Life Exposition and Research Center PDF

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

PROPOSED DONSOL MARINE LIFE EXPOSITION AND RESEARCH CENTER 2009-2010

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

in saving human environment (Ramos, 2007).

DEL ROSARIO, BARREN PAUL S. 1

DEL ROSARIO, BARREN PAUL S. 2

B. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

DEL ROSARIO, BARREN PAUL S. 3

Source: photos by Ruel Pine, AG Sano, Jurgen Freud (www.wwf.org.ph)

Figure 1. Whaleshark interaction in Donsol, Sorsogon.

DEL ROSARIO, BARREN PAUL S. 4

in Donsol increased at annual rate of 43%.

Source: World Wildlife Fund

Figure 2. Visitors arrival in Donsol

DEL ROSARIO, BARREN PAUL S. 5

Source: World Wildlife Fund

Figure 3. Revenues from Donsol Whale shark Interaction

DEL ROSARIO, BARREN PAUL S. 6

enjoy other recreational facilities.

ensure continuous source of livelihood of the locals.

DEL ROSARIO, BARREN PAUL S. 7

consideration in the environmental advocacy of the local government.

Source: photos by Ruel Pine, AG Sano, Jurgen Freud (www.wwf.org.ph)

Figure 4. A slaughtered whaleshark in the nearby town of Donsol.

DEL ROSARIO, BARREN PAUL S. 8

concern within the milieu of Butanding eco-tourism.

will enhance the vernacularism to assure an environmental friendly structure.

D. SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

DEL ROSARIO, BARREN PAUL S. 9

E. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

may serve as theoretical and practical applications.

DEL ROSARIO, BARREN PAUL S. 10

of other conservation projects.

F. OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS

programming and study of form.

development phases of this study.

DEL ROSARIO, BARREN PAUL S. 11

ground of selecting the specific site.

DEL ROSARIO, BARREN PAUL S. 12

process of achieving the output of this study.

industry space sizing requirements which is of great significance to this study.

conceptualization in this study.

G. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATION

1. BFAR – Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources

2. NBC – National Building Code

3. DENR – Department of Environment and Natural Resources

5. LGU - Local Government Unit

DEL ROSARIO, BARREN PAUL S. 13

7. DOT – Department of Tourism

8. PRRDCC - Project Review Residual Data Cross Checking

9. IRDM - Industry Review Data Matching

10. IIM - Implied Information Method

Research Center. The paradigm of the study is presented in Figure 5.

DEL ROSARIO, BARREN PAUL S. 14

- DONSOL TOURISM DATA

- DONSOL MUNICIPAL PROFILE EVALUATION

- ARCHITECTURAL PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

- SPACE PROGRAMMING PROPOSED

Figure 5. Paradigm of the study

DEL ROSARIO, BARREN PAUL S. 15

RELATED STUDIES AND LITERATURE

a. National Building Code of the Philippines (Presidential Decree No. 1096)

networks, service areas, building height, and others.