Volumetric Efficiency

Object:

To determine the volumetric efficiency

Theory:

volumetric efficiency: it is the ratio between the volume of fuel-air

—

mixture that could be spaced in the engine and the actual volume of
mixture drawn in.

-the air consumption of a naturally aspirated engine may be calculated

from:

where:

K2 : constant =1 for 2-stroke engine , and 2 for 4-stroke engine

Vs: swept volume, letter.

— Equation (1) may be rearranged to give the volumetric efficiency

-As the volumetric rate of flow (Va) can be calculated from the following
formula:

litter/sec
V a =0 . 003536∗D 2
√ ho∗T a
Pa
 Vs= 1 litter

Procedure:

1. Start the engine as described in the instructions, and bring to a speed of

1000 rpm , leave it for about to minutes to warm tip and steady running
conditions to be established

2. Allow the engine to run at this speed for about 1 minute before taking
measurement of speed. ho.

3. readjust the flow control valve to give a speed of 1400 rpm ,and allow a
further minute before taking measurement of speed , ho.

4. Repeat the procedure in steps of 400 rpm up to the max operating speed,
and take measurement of ho.

5. Enter the readings of n & ho in a table.

6. Draw and discuss the curve, volumetric efficiency against n (horizontally).

DATA & RESULTS:

Barometric Volumetric Volumetric

Real speed Pressure Room temp of flow
Trial No. prcss. efficiency

rpm. ho.cmH2O k Pa-KN/m Va-lit/sec η

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1400‬‬ ‫‪293‬‬ ‫)‪2.78*(10^-6‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1800‬‬ ‫‪293‬‬ ‫)‪3.04*(10^-6‬‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2200‬‬ ‫‪293‬‬ ‫)‪3.12*(10^-6‬‬

‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2600‬‬ ‫‪293‬‬ ‫)‪3.21*(10^-6‬‬

‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪3000‬‬ ‫‪293‬‬ ‫)‪3.36*(10^-6‬‬

‫‪Discussion:‬‬

‫نلحاظ العلقاة العكسية بين سرعة المحرك ‪ rpm‬والكفاءة الحجمية له لنه مع زيادة سرعة‬
‫السيارة تزداد عدد دورات المحرك الفعالة التي بحاجة الى الهواء و هذا يقلل من كمية الهواء‬
‫مما يقلل الكفاءة‪ ،‬و الغازات المتبقية تكون أكبر مع زيادة السرعة‪.‬‬