The Humanistic Perspective

Humanistic Perspective-is a psychological approach that focuses on the study of the whole
person, which includes the positive image of what it means to be a human, importance of
growth and self-actualization.
Self-Actualization- psychological growth, fulfillment and satisfaction in life

Humanist Theories:
Maslow’s Theory

Maslow's hierarchy of needs explains how people move from physiological

needs to self-actualization, which results in complete personality.

Abraham Maslow developed a human hierarchy of needs that is now conceptualized as a pyramid to represent how
people move from one level of needs to another.

Abraham Maslow proposed that an individual is motivated by a hierarchy of needs. Basic needs
must be met before higher ones can be satisfied. Arranged in order from lowest to highest (in a
hierarchy), physiological (satisfaction of hunger and thirst), safety (security), belongingness and
love (being loved, avoiding loneliness), esteem (achievement, recognition, self‐esteem),
self‐actualization (realization of one's full potential).

Maslow also believed that the achievement of self‐actualization is often marked by peak
experiences, feelings of incredible peace and happiness in the course of life activities.

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Rogers' Theory

Carl Rogers developed a humanist personality theory that emphasized the

importance of self-actualizing tendency in forming a self-concept.

The phenomenal field refers to a person's subjective reality that includes external objects and people as well as
internal thoughts and emotions.

Personality Development

 He also assumed that within each individual there is a biological drive toward growth of
self‐concept, which can ultimately lead to self‐actualization.
 In the development of the self-concept, Rogers elevated the importance of positive regard
or feedback.
 He felt that, to promote growth and development, parents and authority figures should
give a child unconditional acceptance and love, which allows a child to develop
self‐acceptance and to achieve self‐actualization.

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