Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
LESSON 1
TENNESSEE
ADULT EDUCATION
This curriculum was written with funding of the Tennessee Department of Labor and Workforce Development and may not be reproduced in any way without written permission. ©
RATIOS
Ratios are comparisons made between two sets
of numbers.
For example:
There are eight girls and seven boys in a class.
8 to 5
2. Write a ratio using a colon between the two
numbers being compared.
3:4
3. Write a ratio as a fraction.
For example:
Hunter and Brandon were playing basketball. Brandon
scored 5 baskets and Hunter scored 6 baskets. What
was the ratio of baskets Hunter scored to the baskets
Brandon scored?
6 baskets to 5 baskets
6
5
GUIDED PRACTICE:
Directions: Write the ratio in three different ways.
There are 13 boys and 17 girls in sixth grade.
Find the ratio of boys to the girls in sixth grade.
13
13 to 17 13 : 17
17
RULES FOR SOLVING RATIO PROBLEMS.
4 girls
4 girls to 7 boys 4 girls : 7 boys
7 boys
GUIDED PRACTICE:
Directions: Solve and write ratios in all three forms.
5 to 7 5:7 5
7
REDUCING RATIOS
Ratios can be reduced without changing their relationship.
2 boys to 4 girls =
1 boy to 2 girls =
REDUCING RATIOS
Is this relationship the same?
2 boys to 4 girls =
1 boy to 3 girls =
2. ALL RATIOS MUST BE WRITTEN IN
LOWEST TERMS.
Steps:
1. Read the word problem.
2. Set up the ratio.
For example:
40 to 45 40 : 45 40
45
3. Reduce the ratio if necessary.
HINT: When having to reduce ratios, it is better to set up the ratio in the
vertical form. (Fraction Form)
40
40 to 45 =
45
Look at the numbers in the ratio. What ONE
number can you divide BOTH numbers by?
1. There are 26 black cards in a deck of playing cards. If there are 52 cards
in a deck, what is the ratio of black cards to the deck of cards?
26 ÷ 26 = 1
52 ÷ 26 = 2
15 chapters to 3 days
15 ÷÷ 3 = 5
3 3 =
1
1 girl 4 girls
4 boys 16 boys
1 girl 5 girls
4 boys 16 boys
4 = 20
5 25
20 x 5 = 4 x 25
100 = 100
The cross products were equal, therefore 4 And 20 makes a true proportion.
5 25
Guided Practice:
1. 3 = 15
5 25
2. 6 = 57
8 76
3. 7 = 37
12 60
Guided Practice:
3 15 6 57
1. 5 = 25 2. = 3. 7 = 37
8 76 12 60
15 x 5 = 3 x 25 57 x 8 = 6 x 76
7 x 60 = 37 x 12
456 = 456
75 = 75 420 = 444
true true
false
SOLVING PROPORTIONS WITH VARIABLES
What is a variable? A variable is any letter that takes place of a
missing number or information.
1. Cross multiply.
2. Divide BOTH sides by the number connected to the variable.
3. Check the answer to see if it makes a true proportion.
Problem: 52 n
=
4 7
4 x n = 52 x 7
Which number is
connected to the variable? 4n = 364 n = 91 miles
4 4
Since the 4 is connected
to the variable, DIVIDE
both sides by the 4.
4 ÷ 4 = 1; 364 ÷ 4 = 91
therefore you
are left with “n”
on one side.
If it comes out even, then the answer is correct.
52 91
=
4 7
52 x 7 = 91 x 4
364 = 364
GUIDED PRACTICE
Directions: Solve each proportion.
40 gal x gal 40 x
= =
250 mi 600mi 250 600
250x = 24000
250 250
40 96
=
x = 96 250 600
24000 = 24000
2. If a 3 gallon jug of milk cost $9, how many 3
gallon jugs can be purchased for $45?
1 n
=
9 45
Check:
1= n
9 45 1 5
9 =
45
1x45 = 9n
45 = 45
45 = 9n
9 9
5=n
400 x_
=
8 12
400 x_
=
8 12
8x = 4800
x = 600 miles
4. Susie has two flower beds in which to plant tulips and
daffodils. She wants the proportion of tulips to daffodils to be
the same in each bed. Susie plants 10 tulips and 6 daffodils in
the first bed. How many tulips will she need for the second bed
if she plants 15 daffodils?
10 tulips = x tulips 10 x_
=
6 daffodils 15 daffodils 6 15
10 x x = 25 tulips
=
6 15
6x = 150 10 25
=
6x 150 6 15
=
6 6 150 = 150
x = 25