Aim of experiment : To prove Thevenin’s theorem practically.

Theory :
Any linear network having two terminals A and B as shown in Fig. (1), can
be replaced by a single source of e.m.f. called Thevenin voltage (Eth) in
series with a single resistance called Thevenin resistance (Rth) as shown
in the dotted box of Fig.(2).
The voltage (Eth) is the voltage that appears across terminals A and B with
load removed. The resistance (Rth) is the resistance obtained with load
removed and looking back into the terminals AB when all voltage source
in the circuit are replaced by their internal resistances. Once Thevenin’s
equivalent circuit is obtained, then current through any load (RL)
connected across AB can be readily obtained from Fig.(2) as :
I = Eth / (Rth + RL) ……………………(1)
The Thevenin resistance (Rth) measured by the ammeter or
Rth = Eth / Is.c …………….(2)
Where Is.c is the current passing through the terminals A and B when they
are short circuited .

Apparatus Required :
1) D.c power supply
2) Resistance’s 560 Ω , 1K , 1.2 KΩ , 2.2 KΩ
3) Avometer
Procedure :
1) Connect the circuit as shown in Fig. (3) and measure the current through
the load resistance (RL) when it’s value is 1KΩ
2) Find the Thevenin equivalent circuit (Rth , Eth) and Is.c (Rth) is measured
by ohmmeter or by using equation (2).

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Report :
1) Solve the circuit in. Fig . (3 ) theoretically when RL = 1KΩ
Sol:

2000 × 560
𝑅𝑡ℎ = ((2KΩ//560Ω) + 2.2KΩ )//1KΩ = (( ) + 2.2) //1KΩ =
2000 + 560
2.6375×1
(2.6375 KΩ)//1KΩ = = 0.725KΩ
2.6375+1

2) What are the advantages of Thevenin’s theorem

Sol: The advantage, is that you can quickly determine what would
happen to the single resistor without having to go through a lot of
analysis again.

3) Define the voltage source and current source.

What are the difference between them.
Sol: Voltage Source : is a two-terminal device whose voltage at any
instant of time is constant and is independent of the current drawn from it.
Current Source : is a two-terminal circuit element which supplies the same
current to any load resistance connected across its terminals.
A voltage source has a forcing function of emf whereas the current source
has a forcing function of current.

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