Matrix Ladder and Snake

Final Project of Visual Programming

Written by :

Hani Rizkia Putri (16030174038)

Winny Tri Kurniasari (16030174043)

2016 U

Lecturers :
Elly Matul Imah, S.Si., M.Kom.
Shofan Fiangga, S.Pd., M.Sc.

STATE UNIVERSITY OF SURABAYA

FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE
MATHEMATICS DEPARTMENT
MATHEMATICS EDUCATION
2018
 PREFACE
Thank God we pray to Allah SWT who has given us a healthy blessing so that we can work
to complete the final project of this course. The purpose and objectives of making a paper are to
fulfill the final task of Visual Programming course from Mrs. Elly Matul Imah and Mr. Shofan
Fiangga as Lecturer of the course.
We are very grateful to the lecturers who have given guidance in making our final
assignment. Thanks to friends who have worked together to finish this final project. That in writing
this paper a lot of support and involve some parties, especially a group of friends.
This paper is far from perfect because perfection belongs only to Allah SWT. For that, we
ask for criticism and suggestions if there is any lack of favor so that we can correct the errors in
order not to happen again on the next task, may be useful for us all.

Surabaya, May 2018

Writers
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

A. BACKGROUND
Mathematics is one of the most challenging subjects for students. Not only makes
students bored because it always struggles with formulas and calculations, the level of
student accuracy is also quite tested in these subjects.
Matrix is one of the material in learning mathematics in high school. This material
may include a type of material that does not require a high level of thought, but student
precision is very influential in this chapter. Often students tend to have problems with the
accuracy of calculations because the concept of the matrix itself is not so burdensome to
students.
This material can be easily mastered if students are accustomed to doing regular
exercise questions. Meanwhile, if the students just do exercise in the book, most likely
students will feel saturated. This is related to the psychology of high school students
themselves who are easily bored in learning a thing that is considered less interesting. Thus,
learning in mathematics needs to be packed in a more interesting frame.
The game is a matter of enough attention to students, either in elementary school,
junior high, or high school. Games can shift their learning time as long as it makes them
happy and unsaturated. Learning is considered to be a monotonous and alarming activity.
Therefore, we designed a game-based learning media to attract students' attention
in learning mathematics, especially related to the matrix material. With this learning media,
students are expected to be more interested in learning math.

B. PROBLEM CONCERN
1. What is the function of Matrix Ladder and Snake?
2. How to use the Matrix Ladder and Snake application?
3. what are the advantages and disadvantages of Matrix Ladder and Snake applications?

C. GOAL
1. To know the function of Matrix Ladder and Snake application.
2. To know how to use Matrix Ladder and Snake application.
3. To know the advantages and disadvantages of Matrix Ladder and Snake application.
 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

A. Basic Competencies
4.3 Complete the problem related to the operation on the matrix that includes
addition, subtraction, scalar multiplication, multiplication of 3 × 3 matrix
4.4 Complete the problem relating to the determinant matrix and inverse 3 × 3 matrix

B. Indicators
1. Specifies the result matrix from the operation of two 3 × 3 matrices
2. Determining the determinant value of 3 × 3 matrix.
3. Determine the inverse 3 × 3 matrix.

C. Purpose of Media Application Matrix Ladder and Snake

Users of this app can determine :
- the matrix results from the operation of two 3 × 3 matrices,
- the determinant value of the 3x3 matrix,
- inverse of 3 × 3 matrix

D. Material Summary

1. Addition of Matrices

a11 a12 a13 a11 a12 a13 a11+a11 a12+a12 a13+a13

b21
c31
b22
c32
b23
c33
+ b21
c31
b22
c32
b23
c33
= b21+b21
c31+c31
b22+b22
c32+c32
b23+b23
c33+c33

2. Reduction of Matrices

a11 a12 a13 a11 a12 a13 a11-a11 a12-a12 a13-a13

b21
c31
b22
c32
b23
c33
- b21
c31
b22
c32
b23
c33
= b21-b21
c31-c31
b22-b22
c32-c32
b23-b23
c33-c33

3. Scalar Multiplication

a11 a12 a13 k.a11 k.a12 k.a13

k × b21 b22 b23 = k.b21 k.b22 k.b23
c31 c32 c33 k.c31 k.c32 k.c33
 4. Multiplication of Matrices

a11 a12 a13 a11 a12 a13

b21
c31
b22
c32
b23
c33
× b21
c31
b22
c32
b23
c33
=
a11.b11+a12.b21+a13.b31 a11.b12+a12.b22+a13.b32 a11.b13+a12.b23+a13.b33
a21.b11+a22.b21+a23.b31 a21.b12+a22.b22+a23.b32 a21.b13+a22.b23+a23.b33
a31.b11+a32.b21+a33.b31 a31.b12+a32.b22+a33.b32 a31.b13+a32.b23+a33.b33

5. Determinant of Matrix

a11 a12 a13

b21
c31
b22
c32
b23
c33
= a11.a22.a33 + a12.a23.a31 + a13.a21.a32 -
a11.a23.a32 - a12.a21.a33 - a13.a22.a31

6. Invers of Matrixs
 Matrix Cofactor
a22 a23 a21 a23 a21 a22
+ - +
a32 a33 a11 a13 a31 a32

a12 a13 a11 a13 a11 a12

- + -
a32 a33 a31 a33 a31 a32

+ a12 a13 -
a11 a13
+
a11 a12
a22 a23 a21 a23 a21 a22
Suppose that :

+c11 -c12 +c13

Kof A = -c21 +c22 -c23
+c31 -c32 +c33

 Adjoint = (Kof A)T

c11 c21 c31

c12 c22 c32
c13 c23 c33

 Formula of Invers 3 x 3 matrix

1
(A)-1 = × 𝐴𝑑𝑗. 𝐴
det 𝐴
E. Component Display and How to Use

1. Scene 1 : Awal
"Matrix Ladder and Snake" is the name of the application which created by Hani
Rizkia Putri and Winny Tri Kurniasari. At the beginning of this screen there is a "Start"
button to start the game.

2. Scene 2 : Mainmenu
There are two options menu, "Latihan" and "Game".
3. Scene 3 : Dadu
When in Scene 2, when selecting the "Latihan" menu, it will go straight to Scene
3. In this scene there is a picture of the eye dice and "Roll" button to randomize the
eyes of the dice.

4. Scene 10 : Turnamen
When in Scene 2, when selecting the "Game" menu, it will go straight to Scene 10.
In this scene there is a snake ladder game. The player can pass the ladder for every
correct answer step, but if the player answers wrong on the 7th box to the 12th box, then
the black pawn will fall back following the snake's direction from the snake head to the
tail of the snake.
5. Scene 4 : Papan1
When in Scene 3, when the eye dice shows a value of one, then the player will be
directed directly to the scene P1. In this scene contains material about the addition of
two 3 × 3 matrices. Players can randomize numbers using the "Acak" button. When
already in the contents of the matrix results, can be checked whether it is correct or not
the answer, using the "Cek Hasil". Since this is the menu for practice, then players will
still be able to continue through the stairs until the last point.
6. Scene 5 : Papan2
When in Scene 3, if the eye dice shows the value of two, then the player will be
directed directly to the scene Papan2. In this scene contains the material about the
reduction of two 3 × 3 berth matrices. Players can randomize numbers using the "Acak"
button. When already in the contents of the matrix results, can be checked whether it is
correct or not the answer, using the "Cek Hasil". Since this is the menu for practice,
then players will still be able to continue through the stairs until the last point.
7. Scene 6 : Papan3
When in Scene 3, if the eye dice shows the value of three, then the player will be
directly directed to the scene P33. In this scene contains material about scalar matrix
multiplication of 3 × 3 matrix. Players can randomize numbers using the "Acak" button.
When already in the contents of the matrix results, can be checked whether it is correct
or not the answer, using the "Cek Hasil". Since this is the menu for practice, then
players will still be able to continue through the stairs until the last point.
8. Scene 7 : Papan4
When in Scene 3, if the eye dice shows a value of four, then the player will be
directed to the scene Papan4. In this scene contains material about the multiplication of
two 3x3 matrices. Players can randomize numbers using the "Acak" button. When
already in the contents of the matrix results, can be checked whether it is correct or not
the answer, using the "Cek Hasil". Since this is the menu for practice, then players will
still be able to continue through the stairs until the last point.
9. Scene 8 : Papan5
When in Scene 3, if the dice show the value of five, then the player will be directed
to the scene Papan5. In this scene contains material about the determinant of 3x3
matrix. Players can randomize numbers using the "Acak" button. When already in the
contents of the matrix results, can be checked whether it is correct or not the answer,
using the "Cek Hasil". Since this is the menu for practice, then players will still be able
to continue through the stairs until the last point.
10. Scene 9 : Papan6
When in Scene 3, if the eye dice shows the value of six, then the player will be
directed to the Papan6 scene. In this scene contains material about inverse of 3x3
matrix. Players can randomize numbers using the "Acak" button. When already in the
contents of the matrix results, can be checked whether it is correct or not the answer,
using the "Cek Hasil". Since this is the menu for practice, then players will still be able
to continue through the stairs until the last point.
F. Advantages dan Disadvantages
Advantages :
1. Interesting appearance.
2. Accompanied by guidelines in each scene, making it easier for students to play.
3. Able to hone students ability to solve related problems of operation on matrix.
4. There is an exercise menu that guides students to solve the problem in a structured
manner.
5. Equipped with true or false information to make it easier for students to realize where
the miscalculation lies.
6. There is a game menu that helps students work on different types of questions.
7. Improving the unyielding attitude because when students are wrong in answering,
students will return to the previous type of problem.
Disadvantages
1. Can not be played by more than one player.
2. Limited to 3x3 matrix only.
 CHAPTER III
CLOSING
A. Conclusion
Based on the above description, there are several conclusions, among others:
1. Application Matrix Ladder and Snake function to improve students' ability in solving
problems related to matrix operation material with game-based.
2. How to use this application is very easy, because there are guides in every scene that
appears on the layer.
3. This application is quite interesting and effectively used as a learning medium for
students, but the game can only be played by one player only, and only limited to a 3x3
matrix.