Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Published in 2016
Wet hands with clean Apply enough soap to Rotate rubbing hands
water. cover all hand surfaces. palm to palm seven times.
Rub right palm over left Rub palm to palm with Rub back of fingers to
dorsum with interlaced fingers interlaced seven opposing palms with fingers
fingers and vice versa times. and vice versa seven times.
seven times.
Rotate rubbing of left Rotate rubbing backwards Rinse hands with clean
thumb clasped in palm and and forwards with clasped water; keep water running.
vice versa seven times. fingers of right hand in palm
and vice versa seven times.
12
Dry hands thoroughly Use towel to turn off Your hands are now clean.
with single-use towel. faucet and open door,
then discard towel into
a waste receptacle.
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How to use alcohol hand rub*
OR
Apply a palmful of the product in a cupped hand, Rub hands palm to palm.
covering all surfaces.
Rub right palm over left Rub palm to palm with Rub back of fingers to
dorsum with interlaced fingers interlaced. opposing palms with
fingers and vice versa. fingers interlocked.
8
Rotate rubbing of left Rotate rubbing backwards Once dry, your hands are
thumb clasped in palm and forwards with clasped now clean.
and vice versa. fingers of right hand in
palm and vice versa.
*Alcohol rub should only be used on visibly clean and dry hands to remove
contaminants that cannot be seen.
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Personal protective equipment for waste handlers
Cap
Goggles
Mask
Scrubs or coveralls
Utility gloves
Rubber boots
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Personal protective equipment for incinerator operators
Coveralls
Leather apron
Leather gloves
Thick-soled,
steel-toed
safety boots
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Sharps safety
Place sharps in yellow sharps safety box. Seal off securely when 3/4 full.
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Packaging considerations
Sometimes specific waste streams don’t fit into conventionally available hazardous waste
packaging. In this instance, the figure below can help health care facility staff in making
educated packaging decisions.
Waste is: Packaging considerations:
Potentially sharp when broken
Use a puncture-proof, sealable, rigid
plastic container.
Heavy
Use smaller containers that can
withstand relative load.
Light
Wet
Use containers/packaging that are
leak-proof and liquid-proof (e.g., a
cardboard box would not be suitable).
Dry
Use lightweight packaging or bags as
there is no risk of leakage or seepage.
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Labeling
Labeling of waste containers and bags is used to identify the source, record the type and
quantities of waste produced in each area, and allow problems with waste segregation to be
traced back to source.
Label containers/bags with proper hazard symbol and type of waste if applicable
(pathological, infectious, etc.).
Using an international hazard symbol on each waste container and bag is
recommended. See Annex 1 for all hazardous waste symbols.
Use the caution symbol Use biohazard symbol for pathological Use biohazard Use the toxic
for non-reusable metal and infectious waste. A symbol is not symbol for symbol for
instruments. required for general waste. sharps waste. chemical waste.
Origin /
Medical
Area
Date and
time of container
closure
Name and
surname
of person
Origin
closing
off container
/ Medica
Date
l Area
and
time
Name
of
contain
and
surnam
er
closure
e
of
person
closing
off
contain
er
Origin /
Medical
Area
Date and
time of container
closure
Name and
surname
of person
Origin
closing
off container
/ Medica
Date
l Area
and
time
Name
of
contain
and
surnam
er
closure
e
of
person
closing
off
contain
er
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Date and time of container closure
Waste segregation
/14
: 08
EXP
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Spill management
Responding to a spill:
Remain calm.
Evacuate all unnecessary personnel and quarantine the spill area.
Assess the nature of the spill (see the following pages).
Contact management and/or emergency services.
Put on necessary PPE.
Follow protocol for your type of spill.
Work efficiently and carefully.
Be aware of the surroundings at all times.
Once the emergency has been identified, contact the appropriate
departments.
Utility gloves
Rubber boots
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Infectious waste – dry spill
Dispose of or decontaminate
all PPE or equipment used.
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Infectious waste – wet spill
7
Take red bags to Dispose of or decontaminate
designated all PPE or equipment used.
waste storage area.
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Infectious waste (sharps) – sharps spill
Dispose of or decontaminate
Take the sharps safety box(es) and yellow all PPE or equipment used.
bag to designated waste storage area.
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Chemical – general spill
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Heavy metal – mercury spill
Retrieve the mercury Place any broken glass Collect all visible drops of
spill kit. into a heavy-duty self- mercury using one of the
sealing plastic bag. Label following:
the bag as containing a. Aspirator with a narrow tube
mercury contaminant. b. Syringe (without a needle)
c. Pasteur pipette or rubber bulb
d. Strips of adhesive tape
Make arrangements with Wash protective visors with Wash hands thoroughly
responsible person with liquid soap and warm clean with soap and warm
regards to storage and/ water, and dry with paper clean water.
or disposal procedures towel before returning to
for mercury waste. Mercury Spill Kit.
trol
ll Con
ry Spi
Mercu
Measure the appropriate Pour the clean water Measure the appropriate
clean water as indicated into the bucket. volume of chlorine
in Step 3. solution found on the
chart in Step 3.
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Making chlorine solution from powders
Determine the Check concentration of the powder you
percentage of active are using.
% Dilute
hypochlorite by reading Grams/Liter = % Concentrate x 1,000
the active ingredients on Mix measured amount of bleach with 1 liter
of clean water.
the label of the container.
Example: Make a dilute chlorine-releasing
Note: Hypochlorite solution (0.5%) from a concentrated
concentration will vary from powder (35%).
approximately 2.4% to 15%. 0.5%
Step A:Grams / Liter = 35% x 1,000 = 14.2 g/L
because tap water contains microscopic organic matter that inactivates chlorine.
c
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate.
d
Chloromine releases chlorine at a slower rate than does hypochlorite. Before using the solution,
Use a mixing After use, dilute the solution by Pour the diluted chlorine solution
spoon to gently adding water to top off the bucket. down a utility sink drain or latrine, or
mix the solution. Note: The chlorine solution should into a flushable toilet. Avoid splashing.
Solution is now not be reused; a new solution must be Rinse the toilet or sink with clean
ready for use. made for each cleaning. water to remove residual waste.
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Processing reusable metal instruments
Store
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Decontaminating reusable metal instruments
Put on
required
personal
protective Determine the proper
Mix chlorine solution
equipment procedure for mixing the
according to procedures
(PPE). chlorine solution.
found on pages 44 and 46.*
SOLUTION
CLEAN
WATER
BATH
DETERGENT
AND CLEAN
WATER
Place the three buckets Remove half the instruments Place the scrubbed
next to each other: one from the pre-soak solution and instruments into the clean
bucket with pre-soaked place them in the bucket of water bath for rinsing.
instruments, one bucket detergent and clean water. Scrub
with detergent and clean the instruments with a nylon
water, and one bucket with bristle brush until all signs of
clean water for the bath. contaminants have been removed.
Remove instruments Place decontaminated After use, dilute the Pour diluted chlorine
from clean water bath reusable instruments in solution by adding water solution down a utility
and place them on containers for storage or to top off the bucket. sink drain or latrine,
a clean, dry towel. sterilization. Reusable Note: The chlorine solution or into a flushable
Inspect instruments instruments can be should not be reused; a toilet. Rinse the toilet
for rust, blunting, or sterilized following the new solution must be made or sink with clean
residual contamination. procedure on page 56.* for each cleaning. water to remove
residual waste.
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Wrapping of reusable metal instruments
Fold extended Fold long V Secure this fold Secure both sides
wrapper inward back over top with sterilization of the wrapper with
to make a of container or indicator tape. sterilization indicator
long V shape. carton and tuck tape. Do not use
underneath into other tape, pins,
folds. clips, staples, or
sharp objects.
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Decontaminating single use instruments
Put on
required
personal
protective Determine the proper
Mix chlorine solution
equipment procedure for mixing the
according to procedures
(PPE). chlorine solution.
found on pages 44 and 46.*
SOLUTION
CLEAN
WATER
BATH
DETERGENT
AND CLEAN
WATER
Place the three buckets Remove half the instruments Place the scrubbed
next to each other: one from the pre-soak solution and instruments into the
bucket with pre-soaked place them in the bucket of clean water bath for
instruments, one bucket detergent and clean water. Scrub rinsing.
with detergent and clean the instruments with a nylon
water, and one bucket with bristle brush until all signs of
clean water for the bath. contaminants have been removed.
Remove instruments After use, dilute the Pour diluted chlorine Place properly
from clean water bath solution by adding water solution down a utility decontaminated
and place them on a to top off the bucket. sink drain or latrine, or instruments in a
clean, dry towel. Note: The chlorine solution into a flushable toilet. labeled and sealable
should not be reused; a Rinse the toilet or sink plastic drum or
new solution must be made with clean water to plastic container.
for each cleaning. remove residual waste.
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This pocket guide is made possible by the generous support of the American
people with support from the US President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS
Relief (PEPFAR) with the US Agency for International Development (USAID)
under the terms of Supply Chain Management System contract number
GP0-I-00-05-00032-00 and Cooperative Agreement Strengthening High Impact
Interventions for an AIDS-free Generation, number AID-OAA-A-14-00046.
The information provided in this publication is not official U.S. Government
information and does not represent the views or positions of the USAID,
PEPFAR, or the US Government.