INTRODUCTION

The introduction is a formal way of introducing the content of the report, it is usually the last thing that
is done, even after the conclusions, since it is briefly and clearly outlined what the topic will be, the
intention with which it develops and the results they get; the length of the introduction depends a lot on
the content and the extension of the report as such, but generally for this type of purpose, its
maximum length must not exceed a page of Word format.
Note: Remember that the report is considered a continuation of the pre-report, therefore the report
must be attached to the pre-report, but with a different font color.

OBJECTIVES

It is always necessary for the adequate presentation of a report, to present the objectives that are
pursued with the development of the laboratory practice, for that reason in the report it is necessary to
place the general and specific objectives of the developed practice.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
This item is the crucial point of the development of practice, in this item must be contained in an
organized manner, the graphics obtained both in simulation and in practice, ie the images of the
oscilloscope, this is done in order to compare Both simulated and practical results, it is clear that each
group of images must have a title that allows to identify which circuit is implemented, in addition to this
must have for each image the corresponding label, where again it is stated which circuit belongs , if it
is simulation or oscilloscope image and finally the values of the parameters with which it was obtained
(ie the value of the resistors, capacitors, bonines and others). The comparative analysis not only
shows the graphs, but also emphasizes differences and / or similarities that these may have, so it is
sometimes advisable to make tables, where important parameters of the simulation and practice
graphs can be noted; parameters such as stabilization time, maximum peaks, frequency, ripple
factors, voltage drops and others, are important to make comparisons, establish differences and / or
equalities.
Finally, after the graphs and the comparative tables obtained, it is necessary to carry out the analysis
of both the graphs and the tables, this basically aims to state the most important characteristics of
each graph, both simulation and practice, and additionally establish discrepancies or similarities with
the purely theoretical model, this is where the veracity of a theoretical model begins to be judged, that
is why the comparison and analysis must always be carried out taking into account the results of
simulation, practical results and results that are obtained in light of the theoretical model with which we
work.

To illustrate a little the above, the following example is proposed:

o 1-Diode Rectifier Circuit

Figure 1. Simulation 1: 1-Diode Rectifier Circuit.

Figure 2. 1-Diode Rectifier Circuit.

As can be seen the results of simulation 1 with the experimental results shown by Figure 2, are
coincident in the geometry, since both signals are rectified as a consequence of the presence of the
rectifier at 1 diode, but there are marked differences between the maximum values of the output
signals of the rectifier diode (shown here in blue), these are clearly different, since the signal obtained
with the oscilloscope shows a voltage drop of approximately 0.7 V, this is a consequence of the
physical characteristics of the silicon diode, these results are framed in Table 1.

Table 1. Voltages at the output of the diode.

Graph V at the output of the Diode

2
5 V simulation
Real 4.3 V

COMPLEMENTATION

Given that questions of analysis arise from practice, the answer to these questions is enriched, with
each step of the development of the practice, that is why after the realization of the practice, there are
many more elements that allow enriching the answers to the analysis questions, in this space those
elements are taken advantage of, and the analysis questions are answered taking into account central
elements such as: theoretical model, simulation model and experimental results.

CONCLUSIONS AND GENERAL OBSERVATIONS

The conclusions are a simple way to synthesize everything observed during the process of simulation
and development of the practice. The conclusions are concise, but in addition they must be very clear
and enriching, since they give account of what was learned during the development of the practice,
that is why conclusions are made oriented towards very specific parts of the practice.