Design of Machine Elements-II

Dr. S. Kamran Afaq

Professor
HITEC University
Gears

Design of Machine Elements

Course Outline Ch-29-30-31 Khurmi
Ch-14-15 Shigley
Ch-10 Mott

• Spur, Helical, Bevel and Worm Gears

• Selection of bearings
• Design of Power Screws / Translation Screws
• Design of Belt and chain drives
• Design of Brakes / Clutches
• Design of fly wheel

Dr. S. Kamran Afaq (HITEC University)

Gears

Design of Machine Elements

Design of Gears
Classification of Gears

Intersecting axes

Bevel Gear

Dr. S. Kamran Afaq (HITEC University)

Gears

Design of Machine Elements

Design of Gears (Bevel Gears)

Straight Bevel Spiral Bevel

Zero Spiral Bevel Hypoid Bevel

Dr. S. Kamran Afaq (HITEC University)

Gears

Design of Machine Elements

Design of Gears (Bevel Gears)

Dr. S. Kamran Afaq (HITEC University)

Gears

Design of Machine Elements

Design of Gears (Bevel Gears)
FORCES ON STRAIGHT BEVEL GEARS

Dr. S. Kamran Afaq (HITEC University)

Gears

Design of Machine Elements

Design of Gears (Bevel Gears)
FORCES ON STRAIGHT BEVEL GEARS

Dr. S. Kamran Afaq (HITEC University)

Gears

Design of Machine Elements

Design of Gears (Bevel Gears)
Stress Analysis of Gear Teeth

Bending Stress

Contact Stress

Dr. S. Kamran Afaq (HITEC University)

Gears

Design of Machine Elements

Design of Gears (Bevel Gears)
Stress Analysis of Gear Teeth

Ko = Ka and Co = Ca
For Ka and Ks, use same Graph, Table or relations as define
for Spur gear.

For Kv , Km , J , I there will be separate

graphs/tables/relations for Bevel gears.

The pressure angle in bevel gears, is typically 20°, but 22.5°

and 25° are often used to avoid in-terference. The minimum
number of teeth for straight bevel gears is typically 12.

Dr. S. Kamran Afaq (HITEC University)

Gears

Design of Machine Elements

Design of Gears (Bevel Gears)
Dynamic Factor (Kv , Cv)

If the equation for u results in a negative value, use u = 0.

As a check on the specification of an appropriate value for the
quality number (Q), a minimum value for K or C, should be
computed from

Dr. S. Kamran Afaq (HITEC University)

Gears

Design of Machine Elements

Quality Number Design of Gears (Bevel Gears)

If the actual value of C, is less than Cmin, a higher quality number should
be specified. Dr. S. Kamran Afaq (HITEC University)
Gears

Design of Machine Elements

Design of Gears (Bevel Gears)

Dr. S. Kamran Afaq (HITEC University)

Gears

Design of Machine Elements

Design of Gears (Bevel Gears)

One gear Straddle mounted Dr. S. Kamran Afaq (HITEC University)

Gears

Design of Machine Elements

Design of Gears (Bevel Gears)

Figure 10-13

Dr. S. Kamran Afaq (HITEC University)

Gears

Design of Machine Elements

Geometry Factor, I Design of Gears (Bevel Gears)

Figure 10-14

Dr. S. Kamran Afaq (HITEC University)

Gears

Design of Machine Elements

Design of Gears (Bevel Gears)
Elastic Coefficient (Cp)

Using Cb = 0.634 allows the use of the same allowable contact stress as
for spur and heli-cal gears. Dr. S. Kamran Afaq (HITEC University)
Gears

Design of Machine Elements

Design of Gears (Bevel Gears)
Example
Compute the bending and contact stresses in the teeth of the bevel pinion.
Assume that the pinion is driven by an electric motor and that the load
provides moderate shock. The quality number, Q is to be 6. Givern data

Dr. S. Kamran Afaq (HITEC University)

Gears

Design of Machine Elements

Design of Gears (Bevel Gears)
Example

Dr. S. Kamran Afaq (HITEC University)

Gears

Design of Machine Elements

Design of Gears (Bevel Gears)
Example

Dr. S. Kamran Afaq (HITEC University)

Gears

Design of Machine Elements

Design of Gears (Bevel Gears)
Example

Bending Stress

Contact Stress
Co = 1.50, Cv = 0.83, and Cm = 1.44.
For two steel gears, Cp = 2300 , I = 0.077

Comparing this value with the allowable contact

stress number from Figure 9-11
Dr. S. Kamran Afaq (HITEC University)
Gears

Design of Machine Elements

Design of Gears (Bevel Gears)

Design Problem (Assignment -3)

A pair of straight bevel gear required for a Conveyor, driven
by water turbine 92.5 HP, 3500 RPM). Gear ratio is 3 is
required.
Given Data
Material : Mild Steel (Case hardened)

Dr. S. Kamran Afaq (HITEC University)

Gears

Design of Machine Elements

Dr. S. Kamran Afaq (HITEC University)