SUMMARY

The purpose of this experiment is to measure the rate constant of the reaction between ethyl acetate
and sodium hydroxide under batch condition. This experiment was carried out by preparing 3
different solution. The solutions were 1L of sodium hydroxide (0.1M) , 250 mL of ethyl acetate
(0.1M), and 250 mL of hydrochloric acid(0.1M). About 200mL of ethyl acetate was pipette into a
conical flask and 20mL of hydrochloric acid was pipetted to 11 different conical flask that had
been labelled. Basically, sodium hydroxide and ethyl acetate were mixed and stirred using
mechanical stirrer. Then, after 5 minutes, 2 to 3 drops of phenolphthalein indicator was added to
the solution and titration was made. Three graph were plotted based on the result obtained because
we need to find the rate constant value, k. Two different methods were used which are integrated
rate law and half-life method.
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Table for Experiment A: The Batch Saponification of Ethyl Acetate

Concentration of
NaOH, Conversion,
Amount of
Time Flask
NaOH titred CNaOH (M) X (%)
(min) Number 1/ CA
(mL)
(From equation (Self calculate)
above)

5 1 16.5 0.0175 65 57.14

10 2 17.0 0.015 70 66.67
15 3 18.0 0.01 80 100
20 4 18.2 0.009 82 111.11
25 5 18.4 0.008 84 125
30 6 18.4 0.008 84 125
35 7 18.6 0.007 86 142.86
40 8 18.6 0.007 86 142.86
50 9 18.6 0.007 86 142.86
60 10 19.4 0.003 94 333.33
70 11 19.5 0.0025 95 400
CA0 Of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)
M1V1= M2V2
(0.1 mol/ L) (200mL) = (M2) (400mL)
M2= 0.05 mol/L
CA0= 0.05mol/L

NaOH concentration in 20 mL sample from the reactor

0.1 ( 20 -Y )
´ mol / mL
= 1000 20

Let Y = Amount of NaOH titred (ml)

Conversion,X

X= CNaOH(t=0) - CNaOH(t) x 100%

CNaOH(t=0)
 Conversion,x vs Time
100
90
80
70
Conversion,x

60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Time(min)

Graph 1: Conversion,X vs Time

1/CA vs Time
450

400

350

300 y = 4.6867x + 5.4206

250
1/CA

200

150

100

50

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Time(min)

Graph 2 :1/CA vs Time

Based on the graph, k obtained is 4.6867

 CA vs Time
0.02
0.018
0.016
0.014
0.012
y = -0.0002x + 0.0255
CA

0.01
0.008
0.006
0.004
0.002
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Time(min)

Graph 3 : CA vs Time

t1/2 = Reaction time when concentration = 1/2 CA0

Half of NaOH converted = 0.05 mol/L ÷ 2
= 0.025 mol/L

y = -0.0002x + 0.0255
0.025 = -0.0002x + 0.0255
X= 2.5

k = 1/ t1/2 . CA0
= 1/ (2.5 × 0.05)
= 8.0
ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION

The objective of this experiment was to measure the rate constant of the reaction between ethyl
acetate and sodium hydroxide under batch condition. 3 different solution was used to conduct this
experiment which were 250 mL of hydrochloric acid, 250 mL of ethyl acetate and 1L of sodium
hydroxide. Then, 11 sample of hydrochloric acid with volume of 20mL were pipetted into empty
conical flask. Sodium hydroxide and ethyl acetate were mixed and stirred. Every 5 minute, 2 to 3
drops of phenolphthalein indicator was added to the mixture and the titration was made. The result
obtained was recorded in the table.

Based on the result obtained, the concentration of NaOH was calculated using the given formula.
The formula used was M1V1 = M2V2. The concentration of NaOH was 0.05 mol/L. Next, the graph
1 which is conversion, x against time was plotted. Based on the graph, it can be shown that as the
time increases, the conversion increases. In our experiment, there were some conversions that was
constant at certain time. Then, graph 2 was plotted to identify the reciprocal concentration against
time. The equation from the graph can be obtained which is y=4.6867x+5.4206. Based on the
equation, the value of k obtained is 4.6867. The method used to determine this rate constant is
called integrated rate law method.

Next, graph 3 was plotted which is about concentration against time. It can be shown that as the
time increases, the concentration decreases. The equation was also obtained from this graph which
is y=-0.0002x+0.0255. Based on the graph, the half-time of NaOH concentration was calculated
and the value is 0.025 mol/L. The initial concentration of NaOH which is 0.05 mol/L was divided
by two to obtain the half-time of NaOH concentration. After obtaining the value of half-time of
NaOH concentration, the value of half-life was calculated using the equation obtained. The amount
of half-life obtained was 2.5. The use of obtaining the value of half-life is important to determine
the rate constant. So, by obtaining both value of half-time NaOH concentration and half-life, the
rate constant can be calculated. The rate constant was calculated using half-life method and the
formula of this method is different compared to integrated law method. The formula is k=1/ (t1/2 .
CA0 ). So, the value of rate constant obtained was k = 8.0.
After the value of both method obtained, it is clearly shown that the values are different according
to each method. This is because rate constant for integrated law method was calculated based on
graph 2 to get the gradient of the line that is equal to the rate constant while half-life method was
calculated based on time of concentration reduce to half of its initial value. The theoretical value
is different compared to the value that we obtained because our graphs are not in straight line.

In this experiment, there might be some error that we confronted while conducting this experiment.
For example, during the titration, we might exceed the titration level of the mixture and the solution
turned to dark pink. The color of the solution should be light pink so that it will not affect the
amount of NaOH titred.