Power Plant Numerical Sheet

Problem No: 01

A steam power plant works on ideal Rankine cycle, steam is supplied to turbine at 40
bars, 300℃. The condenser pressure is 0.1 bar. Calculate per kg of steam

a) Work output of the turbine

b) Work input to the pump
c) Heat supply to the steam generator
d) Heat rejected in the condenser
e) Amount of cooling water required if ∆𝑇 = 6℃
f) Rankine efficiency
g) Specific steam consumption

Problem No: 02

Calculate the enthalpies at inlet of turbine, at the outlet of turbine and dryness fraction
at the outlet of turbine and the mass of water required to circulate for condensation of steam
for Faisalabad steam turbine power plant. The following data is related to the power plant.

Steam at inlet of the steam turbine is at 80 bar and 500℃, the condenser pressure is
0.05 bar. The power output is 66MW, the ∆𝑇 for circulating cooling water is 10℃. Also find
out the mass flow rate of steam for 1kwh. Determine the work input to the pump also.

Problem No:03

Calculate the increase of dryness fraction due to irreversibility in steam turbine in which
steam enters at 40 bars, 300℃ and leaves at 0.1 bar. Determine the decrease in power output
of adiabatic efficiency of turbine is 85% and mass flow rate of steam is 10kg/s.

Problem No: 04

Steam enters the turbine of power plant at 5Mpa and 400℃ and exhaust to condenser
at 10kpa. The turbine produces a power output of 2000kw with an isentropic efficiency of 85%.
What is the mass flow rate of steam around the cycle and rate of heat transfer in the condenser?
Find the thermal efficiency of power plant. How close this compare to Carnot thermal
efficiency?
 Re-heat Rankine Cycle

Problem No: 05

Steam is supplied to a two-stage turbine at 40 bar and 350℃. It expands in the first
turbine until it is must dry saturated .Then it is reheated to 350℃ and expands through the
second stage turbine. The condenser pressure is 0.04 bar. Calculate the Turbine output and heat
supplied per kg of steam for Plant. Assuming ideal processes and neglecting feed pump work.
Calculate specific steam consumption and Rankine cycle efficiency.

Problem No: 06

Consider an ideal re-heat Rankine cycle. When the steam enters high pressure turbine
at 3.5Mpa and 400℃ and expands 0.8Mpa. It is then reheated to 400℃ and expands to10kpa
in the low-pressure turbine. Calculate the cycle efficiency and moisture contents leaving the
low-pressure turbine.

Problem No: 07

Repeat the Problem 06 using 0.6Mpa and 1Mpa for the reheat pressure.

Problem No: 08

The effect of number of reheat stages on the ideal steam reheat cycle is to be studied.
Repeat the Problem 06 using 2 reheat stages. One stage at 1.2Mpa and second stage at 0.2Mpa.
Find x6 and thermal efficiency.

Problem No: 09

A steam turbine supplies 5500 kg of steam per hour at 10 bar and 0.95 dryness fraction,
from feed water at 41.5℃ when using 700 kg of coal per hour having Calorific value of 31100
kJ/kg. Determine

a) The efficiency of the boiler

b) Find the saving in coal per hour by fitting an economizer. It is estimated that
feed H2 O temperature will be raised to 93.5℃ . Other conditions remain
unaltered and efficiency of boiler increase by 5%.
Problem No: 10

A steam power plant operating in an ideal Rankine cycle has a high pressure of 5Mpa and low
pressure of 15kpa. The turbine exhaust should have a quality of at least 95% and the turbine
power output is 7.5Mpa. Find the necessary boiler exit temperature and mass flow rate of steam.

Regenerative Rankine cycle

Problem No: 12

Steam leaves the boiler and enters the turbine at 40 bars, 400℃ after expansion to 4
bars. Some of the steam is extracted from the turbine for heating the feed H2 O. The steam
leaving the heater is saturated liquid at 4 bars. The condenser pressure is 0.1 bar. Determine
the cycle efficiency and compare this efficiency with plant operating without feed water heater.

Co-Generation Problems

Problem No: 13

A co-generation steam power plant with condensing steam turbine type has turbine inlet
flow of 12.5 kg/s at 50 bar and 400℃. Extraction for process heat is at 220℃, condensation for
both turbine and process heat occurs at 40℃. Assuming ideal turbine, pump, no feed water
heating and 50% fraction of electricity to total energy output. Calculate the following

a) Co-generation plant efficiency

b) Combined efficiency if separate Electric and steam generation Plant producing same
output as above are used for all process, take steam generator efficiency 85% and
electric generator efficiency 95%.