NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE, INC.

Masinloc, Zambales
2nd Semester, A.Y. 2018-2019
EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY 2
(EDTECH)
8:00-11:00am, Friday, ROOM A103

Lesson 5: Overview on Information and Communication Technology

And Information Technology Education in the Philippines

I. INTRODUCTION

The 21st century is considered as the period of information technology all over the
world.In just a few seconds, with the tip of your fingers, current information and facts
are gathered with highly advanced facilities and machines.

This technological breakthrough has brought many changes in education and

other disciplines of learning. It has bridge the world from one part to another. It has
brought people to be closer to each other. It has improved the lives of many people.

II. BODY
Introduction to Information and Communication Technology

The advancement of information and Communication Technology (ICT) has

greatly affected the lives of many people in most parts of the world.Technological
Innovations as manifested in the use of computers, cellular phones, videotext, network
systems automated teller machines, information super highway or the internet, and
the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) are realities that have telling and profound
impact on all facts of life of the 21st century.

These recent developments have given rise to what we call the “Information
Revolution” which is also referred to us “Digital Revolution”.This era according to
Cayaban (2004) have subsequently given rise to a new concern which is Information
Technology (IT) or more commonly referred to as Information Communication
Technology.

Braid (1998) said that today information Technology is revolutionizing life style,
work styles, and is changing our lives, transforming the organizations in which we work,
and transforming the skills needed in order to succeed.
 Information Technology has come to mean the collective term for various
technologies involved in generating, processing, transmitting, storing, retrieving and
communicating information at high speed. It encompasses the use of computers,
telecommunications, office systems technologies and microelectronics. It has been said
that computer technology, from which IT is derived, is at the very heart of this scientific
activity and progress (Padolina 1997).

According to Encarta (2000) an electronic encyclopedia, the new IT based on

micro-electronics together with the other innovations such as optical disc and fiber
optics underpins large increases in the power decreases in the cost , of all sorts of
informationprocessing.The information processing aspects of all work can be reshaped
through IT, so the revolutionist not limited to professionals and blue collar jobs. For
example, industrial robots change the nature of factory work.This means that the
advancement of technology in our country would not only benefit those concerned in
this profession or field but also those others whose works or field of endeavour is
related by ICT. They changes ushered by ICT also make learning more fun and enjoyable
too.

Information Technology means the technologies in generating, processing,

transmitting storing, retrieving, and communicating information fast.

Information Technology is an agent of change in present society and economy. It

is the technology whereby information-whether text, sound or video can be
transmitted over global networks.

The adaptation of continuously changing environment at present is brought

about by information revolution. Therefore, it is the concern of the Education
Department of our government to make learning environment as well as well as those
who manage it to be aware of these new technologies in order to be competent and
confident in their own fields of specialization.But more significantly, such changes need
appropriate talents and skills.

Thus, the inclusion of information Technology education in the Philippines

curriculum from pre-elementary to college and even in the graduate studies is among
the curricular innovations the government has been undertaking at present. This
reform does not only show that technology and change are not intertwined but more
significantly, such changes need appropriate talents and skills.

Development of Information Technology in the Philippines

The Philippine government has for the past decades given some considerable
recognition of IT as the cutting edge to “Pole Vault” into a newly industrialized country
 and the economic development. The development of such IT plans and programs of the
Philippine constitution as provided in article II and article XIV.

To wit:

“The state recognizes the vital role of communication and information in nation-
building” (Section 24.Article II.)

The state shall provide the policy environment for the full development of Filipino
capability and the emergence of communication structures suitable to the needs and
aspirations of the nation and the balanced flow of information….”Section 10,Article
XIV”

According to Felipe (1997), it was only in the 90’s, however that information and
Communications Technology started to vigorously and actively take root in the
Philippine. Prior to the 90’s,information technology in the country did not ,generally,
prosper and grow primarily because of other concerns and priorities such as supportive
change in political,technical,financial,and economic environments of the nation.

The biggest support came from President Fidel V. Ramos when he approved the 1996
National Information Technology Plan (NITP). The NITP is also known “The National
Information System Plan” which was subsequently revised in October 1997 and
became known as IT 21st the ultimate goal of this plan is to make the Philippines as the
“Knowledge Center for Asia”. The plan, likewise, lays down the course for information
technology development in the country.

According to Carague (1998), the plan advocates the following objectives:

1. Educate government, business, and private leaders on the uses of IT in enterprise and
nation building.
2. Expand it awareness among the general public;
3. Promote the Philippines as an alternative center for IT education;
4. Build a capacity for self-reliance in the country’s education and training institutions in
the area of IT education,research,and development;
5. Upgrade IT training and educational institutions;
6. Produce a critical mass of IT workers of good quality and number of industry and
government.

At present ,It is becoming a part and parcel among the lives of many Filipino
people.The government is doing its share in providing basic information and
communication technology facilities to the public. Also, the inclusion of ICT subjects in
the Philippine curriculum primarily in the restructured Basic Education Curriculum
(RBEC) is an initial step for becoming a computer program of the government.

Information Technology in Education

Information Technology plays a significant role in uplifting the quality of education we

have in our country.

The changes ushered in by this technology have encroached on the school

environment in all levels in such as astounding, dramatic, and blinding speed that I not
properly attended to or addressed, might result either in a chaotic smorgasbord
harnessed, to an “interactive learning environment”. This technological revolution or
changes will make learning more fun and enjoyable.

The International Society for Technology in Education (1995) believed that information
technology includes computer hardware, the networks that tie computers together,and
a host of devices that convert information such as the text, images, sounds, and motion
into common digital formats.

Tan (1991) as cited by Padolina (1997) described IT as both a process and a tool.
According to him, as a process, information technology transforms data that are
systematically collected into useful and timely information. As a tool, It enables an
individual or an organization to increase its efficiency, effectivity, and productivity by
implementing a set of operational procedures, feedback, and control.IT is also a means
of transformation using data,voice,or video between and among parties found in
different locations.More impotantly, IT is about people communicating with each other
to share information, experiences, ideas,opnions and others.

Computer is the heart of information Technology.It has emerged as a very useful and
potent tool in education and in teaching.Computer has boundless capabilities for
administrative and managerial uses. To name a few-easing enrolment
procedures,preparing transcript of records, recording grades, paying school fees, and
others, as well as for teaching purposes.Moreover, it has given way tio the
development of Multi-media which is creating and very real interactive learning
environment.

Two or more similar uses of information Technology in instruction and learning have
been identified.for example,computer aided instruction and computer assisted
 instruction. In 1998, by the international Society for Technology in Education Oregon,
identified and categorized the uses of technology for teaching and learning as;

1. Assisted learning
2. Toll applications
3. Computer and information science.

Information Technology,therefore holds tantalizing promise for better learning and the
much sought after quality education. With appropriate skills of every teacher in IT, the
academic environment will grow and progress.

Development of IT in Philippine Education

Information Technology is now taking center stage in Philippine education

because of its integration in the curriculum .Information and communication
Technology was introduced in Philippine education only in the mid 1990’s.during this
year, information Technology because a part of the curriculum of various course in
many colleges, universities, and higher institutions in education.
The Department of Education has, since 1996, long recognized the benefits and
advantages of using technology, particularly Information and communications
Technology, in education. It was also in this year when the first congress on Information
Technology and Telecommunications in Education through the issuance of
Memorandum Nos.318 and 10, respectively was launched which marked the milestone
of ICT in Philippine education.

DepEd’s ICT in Education program focuses on enhancing access to basic

education. It seeks this through the use of technology and the improvement of teaching
and learning practices towards maintaining the leading edge position of the philippine
as one of the top suppliers of ICT professionals and workers in the digital workforce.The
program further seeks to provide computer literacy and information fluency, while
promoting, at the same time, the use ICT in teaching and learning it has been initially
targeted for implementation in the secondary level, with incorporation in the
elementary level planned for the next five years .

In 1998,DECS order No.11 entitled “Guidelines in Teaching Technology Subjects” was

given on the field to guide Teachers on how technology subjects in which computer
education is on area is to be taught among elementary pupils and secondary students.It
gave likewise a bird’s eye view on the necessary competencies to be taught based on
the Philippine elementary Learning Competencies (PELC) and Desired Learning
Competencies (DLC).
The Ched is also undertaking intensive computer training for college faculties and
personnel.This innovation of the CHED is in accordance with the 16 Cardinal Principles
of Technology Education that “Technology education must be carried out by
professionally trained teachers with industrially and occupationally relates experience.”

In fact as of school year 2003-2004,the department of education had distributed

a total of 41190 computer to 3,270 public high schools.

There are currently 2,096 public high school nationwide with existingcomputer
laboratories.Each laboratory having atleast 10 computers.Of these schools,only 170
have access to the internet which translate to only 4.6 percent of the entire public high
school system.
Meanwhile,technological skills and development Authority (TESDA) have also
raised their standards to schools and colleges offering non degree courses,specially
those computer-related courses.They also strengthen their authority of these schools.

From the early days of pioneering,relatively shallow applications of ICT in

Education program.

The First Congress on Information Technology and Telecommunications in Education

Information Technology in Education is one of the strategic components contributory to

an advanced level of IT development in the country.

The Department of Education (DepEd) and the commission on higher education

(CHED)envisions teaching and learning through the use of multi-media equipment.It
sees teacher and students expanding their research from print-based materials to
information found in the internet.The program is also expected to provide
opportunities, for linkages between schools,colleges, and universities throughout the
philippines and foreign countries through telecollaboration.Thus the National
Information Technology Plan in education was developed.

To implement the national information technology plan in education, the department

of education (DepEd) and commission on higher education(CHED) issued 1996
memorandum nos.318 and 10 in 1996,respectively,both calling for the first congress on
infoirmation technology in education.

The congress was called the “first congress on information technology and
telecommunications in education”which was held last february 19 to 21, 1997. It was
attended by the key administrators and other prime movers of information technology
of the DepEd,department of science and technology authority(DOST),CHED,technical
education and skills development authority (TESDA) and other concerned government
agencies like the house of representatives And the senate.This gathering was under the
sponsorship of the new educational technology (NET) foundation.

The following concerns are addressed in the said congress.

* The status of information technology and telecommunication in the philippines

education.

*The problems and concerns in policy, regulation,facilities ,manpower and training

courseware and funding

*The various means by which schoolscan access by technology and infuse instruction
and management with it.

The result of this congress ,according to Cayaban (2004) considerably pushed IT to its
present status in the field of education.From that time, several laws and other
directives from concerned government departments and agencies have been issued to
further improve the adaptation,access, use and even appropriatios of funds for IT not
only in edfucational sector but their government instrumentalities.

Problems on ICT in Philippine Education Program

Despite such significant step forward,however the department of education

information and communication technology ( ICT)program still has some key
weaknesses it must address.These problems on ICT in philippines education program
have something to do with in the area of physical facilities,staff development
,fiscal,communication,and curriculum.They are hereby presented so as improved the
ICT programs in Philippines Education.

The lack of relevant and proper software is preventing the efficient and
effective use if ICT equipment in the schools.Lacking the right software makes the
thousands of computes distributed all over the nation next to useles.More introduction
to the use of word processing,spread sheet and presentation programs fall completely
short of what ICT in education is all about,have links to other school won’t provide any
benefit if these links are not actually used in the classroom.And having broadranging
policy statements do not make effective guidelines in ensuring the proper use and
integration of ICT in education.
Being unable to provide proper communication and support infrastructure is
also a detriment to the implementation of a successful ICT in the education
program.One such good example is the internet which is very effective means of
communications but because of the lack of ability to use it properly,it is nothing but a
 huge world filled with garbage.

Likewise, it was also noted by educational experts that the lacks of determined
and proper guidance in ICT by competent and knowledgeable teachers,professors and
instructors is also a major problem.It was found out in a survey that teachers have little
knowledge on ICT applications how can these teachers guide the students in ICT when
they have nothing to share with them or they themselves do not know to operate or
use the computers.

It was also found out that the proposed bachelor in secondary education
(BSED)curriculum by CHED is not relevant to the needs of the DepEd’s technology and
home economics (THE) subjects the professionals regulatory commissions (PRC)
syllabus is patterned on the DepEd’s T.H.E subjects,but not in line with the CHED
required curriculum (Cayaban,2004).

DepEd Capitalizes on ICT Programs for Education Stakeholders

The department of education (DepEd),through the information and communications

Technology (ICT)unit, boost its efforts in the nationwide computerization priojects for
all schools and DepEd offices.

ICT Programs:

* Enhanced Basic Education Information System (EBEIS),an online facility for encoding
,storage and report generation of all school information- such as enrolment,resource
inventories and special programs.

* Learning Resources and Management and Development System (LRMDS)- an online

library developed by local and international education partners and even created by
teachers themselves. These learning materials made available online are free, and tied
in to the curriculum to ensure relevance appropriateness.It is a useful supplement to
our continuing efforts to provide our teachers and students with the necessary
learning resources.Further,the whole system also intends to
Harvest materials developed by our own teachers with the intent of recognizing quality
material and share it with fellow teachers and educators under an open sharing
platform.
III. CONCLUSION

The advancement of information and Communication technology (ICT) has greatly

affected the lives of many people in most parts of the world.Technological Innovations
as manifested in the use of computers ,cellular phones,videotext, network systems
automated teller machines ,information super highway or the internet,and the
Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) are realities that have telling and profound
impact on all facts of life of the 21st century.

We therefore conclude that because of the advancement of Technology,we are prone

to the rapid changes that comes along the way.The development of Information and
Communication Technology here in our country improved through time as it promote a
successful inclusions pertaining to the most high innovative learning strategy which is
very accessible to all human.

IV. REFERENCE

Educational Technology Book

Google.com

REPORTERS:

Rhea Pendon

Grace Estella

Syann Ebalan

Rae Ann Mariano

Jiephy Majadas