APFT CPL-Nav8-Compasses Page 1 of 4

1) Magnetic compass calibration is carried out to reduce:

A) deviation. B) variation. C) parallax error. D) acceleration errors.

2) Turning right from 330°(C) to 040°(C) in the northern hemisphere. As the aircraft rolls out, does the
compass overreact or underread and will liquid swirl increase or decrease the error?
A) Underread / Decrease. B) Underread / Increase.
C) Overread / Decrease. D) Overread / Increase.

3) Which of the following will probably not result in a deviation change on a DRC:
A) a walk-man headset placed close to the compass.
B) turning the ADF on in flight.
C) relocating a steel iron construction in the cargo compartment close to the DRC.
D) letting a passenger in the cockpit jump-seat put his mobile phone next to the DRC.

4) Which of the following statements is correct concerning the effect of turning errors on a direct reading
compass?
A) Turning errors are greatest on North South headings, and are least at high latitudes.
B) Turning errors are greatest on East West headings, and are least at high latitudes.
C) Turning errors are greatest on North South headings, and are greatest at high latitudes.
D) Turning errors are greatest on East West headings, and are greatest at high latitudes.

5) Why are the detector units of slaved gyro compasses usually located in the aircraft wingtips or the
helicopter tail-booms?
A) With one detector unit in each wingtip, compass deviations are canceled out.
B) To isolate the detector unit from the aircraft deviation sources.
C) To isolate the detector unit from the Earth's magnetic field.
D) To reduce turning and acceleration errors.

6) A direct reading compass should be swung when:

A) there is a large, and permanent, change in magnetic latitude.
B) there is a large change in magnetic longitude.
C) the aircraft is stored for a long period and is frequently moved.
D) the aircraft has made more than a stated number of landings.

7) In a remote indicating compass system the amount of deviation caused by aircraft magnetism and
electrical circuits may be minimized by:
A) positioning the master unit in the center of the aircraft. B) the use of repeater cards.
C) mounting the detector unit in the wingtip. D) using a vertically mounted gyroscope.

8) A direct reading compass is used at a North magnetic latitude. Starting a right hand turn from heading
300 will result in:
A) at first a compass indication of a left hand turn.
B) the turn has to be broken off before the compass indicates the desired heading.
C) the compass indication will lag during at least the first 90° of the turn.
D) all answers are correct.

9) The forces acting upon the compass needle in a stand-by compass in an aircraft, are:
A) the Earth's magnetic field, the Coriolis effect and aircraft magnetism.
B) the total magnetic field in the compass location.
C) mechanic forces only.
D) the Earth's magnetic field, the a/c magnetic field and the effects of attitude and movement of a/c

10) A "landing compass" is:

A) used to establish aircraft magnetic heading during a compass swing.
B) painted on the ground at airfields to indicate the direction of the cardinal magnetic headings to
observers on the ground or in the air.
C) the compass used as reference during landing.
D) a compass on which the runway direction for landing may be set as a "bug".
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11) You are in the northern hemisphere, heading West, and the aircraft is accelerating. Willa direct
reading magnetic compass over-read or under-read and is the compass indicating a turn to the North
or to the south:
A) over-reads North.
B) over-reads South.
C) under-reads North.
D) under-reads South.

12) Concerning direct reading magnetic compasses, in the northern hemisphere, it can be said that:
A) on an easterly heading, a longitudinal acceleration causes an apparent turn to the South.
B) on an easterly heading, a longitudinal acceleration causes an apparent turn to the North.
C) on a westerly heading, a longitudinal acceleration causes an apparent turn to the South.
D) on a westerly heading, a longitudinal deceleration causes an apparent turn to the North.

13) Coefficient A is corrected for:

A) using the compensation magnets.
B) moving the compass housing around vertical axis.
C) removing disturbing magnetic material from the close vicinity of the compass.
D) degaussing (demagnetizing) the compass.

14) Hard iron magnetism in aircraft may be caused by:

A) steel components, mainly in engines and undercarriage. B) a strike of lightning.
C) magnetic qualities of the cargo or baggage. D) all answers are correct.

15) An aircraft in the northern hemisphere is making an accurate rate one turn to the right. If the initial
heading was 135°, after 30 seconds the direct reading magnetic compass should read:
A) 225°.
B) less than 225°.
C) more or less than 225° depending on the pendulous suspension used.
D) more than 225°.

16) An aircraft in the northern hemisphere makes an accurate rate one turn to the right/starboard. If the
initial heading was 330°, after 30 seconds of the turn the direct reading magnetic compass should
read:
A) 060°. B) less than 060°.
C) more than 060°. D) more or less than 060° depending on the pendulous suspension used.

17) The direct reading magnetic compass is made aperiodic (dead beat) by:
A) using the lowest acceptable viscosity compass liquid.
B) keeping the magnetic assembly mass close to the compass point and by using damping wires.
C) using long magnets.
D) pendulous suspension of the magnetic assembly.

18) Soft iron magnetism in aircraft:

A) will not cause any compass deviation.
B) is non-permanent of nature, and cannot be reduced by degaussing (demagnetization).
C) is easily compensated for in the compass wing procedure.
D) will change at unknown times.

19) When an aircraft on a westerly heading on the northern hemisphere accelerates, the effect of the
acceleration error causes the magnetic compass to:
A) lag behind the turning rate of the aircraft.
B) indicate a turn towards the North.
C) indicate a turn towards the South.
D) to turn faster than the actual turning rate of the aircraft.

20) Ina typical remote reading compass, the gyro is kept aligned with the magnetic meridian by means of.
APFT CPL-Nav8-Compasses Page 3 of 4
A) the annunciator.
B) heading selector.
C) a torque motor.
D) the gyro rigidity controller.

21) Assume an aircraft has hard iron magnetism only and this hard iron magnetism is represented by a
red pole in relative bearing 070 from the compass. On what heading will the westerly deviation be
maximum?
A) Heading 340. B) Heading 200. C) Heading 110. D) Heading 020.

22) The main advantage of a remote indicating compass over a direct reading compass is that it:
A) is able to magnify the Earth's magnetic field in order to attain greater accuracy.
B) has less moving parts.
C) requires less maintenance.
D) senses, rather than seeks, the magnetic meridian.

23) Permanent magnetism in aircraft arises chiefly from:

A) exposure to the Earth's magnetic field during normal operation.
B) hammering, and the effect of the Earth's magnetic field, whilst under construction.
C) the combined effect of aircraft electrical equipment and the Earth's magnetic field.
D) the effect of internal wiring and exposure to electrical storms.

24) When should a Direct Reading Compass (DRC) be "swung":

A) every 6 months. B) following a permanent change of magnetic latitude.
C) for night use. D) after flying in an area where lightning is visible.

25) The annunciator of a remote indicating compass system is used when:

A) synchronizing the magnetic and gyro compass elements. B) compensating for deviation.
C) setting local magnetic variation. D) setting the heading pointer.

26) Deviation on MH 180 is -5 and on MH 000 it is +3. Calculate coefficient C:

A) coefficient C = -1 B) coefficient C = +4 C) coefficient C = -2 D) coefficient C = +8

27) Consider the following statements on coefficient A, as used to describe deviation:

A) coefficient A is the average deviation on all headings.
B) coefficient A will normally be calculated after coefficients B and C has been corrected for.
C) coefficient A may be calculated at any stage during a compass swing.
D) all answers are correct.

28) When accelerating on an easterly heading in the Northern Hemisphere, the compass card of a direct
reading magnetic compass will turn:
A) anti-clockwise giving an apparent turn toward . the South.
B) clockwise giving an apparent turn toward the South.
C) anti-clockwise giving an apparent turn toward the North.
D) clockwise giving an apparent turn toward the North.

29) The purpose of compass check swing is to:

A) cancel out the horizontal component of the Earth's magnetic field.
B) cancel out the vertical component of the Earth's magnetic field.
C) measure the angle between Magnetic North and compass North.
D) cancel out the effects of the magnetic fields found on board the aeroplane.

30) Which of the following is an occasion for carrying out a compass swing on a direct reading compass?
A) After an aircraft has passed through a severe electrical storm or has been struck by lightning.
B) Before an aircraft goes on any flight that involves a large change of magnetic latitude.
C) After any of the aircraft radio equipment has been changed due to unserviceability.
D) Whenever an aircraft carries a large freight load regardless of its content.
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31) When decelerating on a westerly heading in the northern hemisphere, the compass card of a direct
reading magnetic compass will turn:
A) clockwise giving an apparent turn toward the South.
B) anti-clockwise giving an apparent turn towards the South.
C) clockwise giving an apparent turn towards the North.
D) anti-clockwise giving an apparent turn towards the North.

32) An aircraft is accelerating on a westerly heading in the northern hemisphere; the effect on a direct
reading compass will result in:
A) an apparent turn to the West. B) an indication of a turn to the North.
C) a decrease in the indicated reading. D) an indication of a turn to the South.

33) Coefficient B, as used in aircraft magnetism, presents:

A) the resultant deviation from magnetism along the aircraft lateral axis.
B) a value representing the deviation registered on headings East and West.
C) the resultant deviation from magnetism along the aircraft vertical (normal) axis.
D) deviation values caused by hard iron magnetism only.

34) In the calculation of deviation, the following headings are recorded:

MH CH
358° 356°
091° 087°
182° 186°
273° 271°
Coefficient B is:
A) +1 B) -3 C) -2 D) +2

35) In the calculation of deviation, the following headings are recorded:

MH CH
356° 356°
091° 087°
182° 186°
275° 271°
Coefficient A is:
A) +2 B) -2 C) -1 D) +1

36) In discussing parameters P, Q and R of aircraft hard iron magnetism:

A) -Q indicates a red pole in the left wing.
B) +P indicates a red pole in the aircraft nose.
C) +R indicates a red pole under the compass.
D) all statements are correct.

37) In the calculation of deviation, the following headings are recorded:

MH CH
358° 356°
091° 087°
182° 186°
273° 271°
Coefficient C is:
A) -2 B) +4 C) +3 D) -1