EFFECTS OF BULLYING TO THE STUDENTS

FOR THEIR ACADEMIC STATUS

A Research Paper
Presented to:
Ms. Danna Patricia F. Matchimura

In partial fulfillment of
the requirements on
Practical Research I

By:
De Castro, Aries
Duenas, Melvin
Escote, Mary Joy

March 2019
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Bullying is an ongoing and deliberate misuse of power in
relationships through repeated verbal, physical and/or social behavior that
intends to cause physical, social and/or psychological harm. It can involve an
individual or a group misusing their power, or perceived power, over one or more
persons who feel unable to stop it from happening. Bullying can happen in
person or online, via various digital platforms and devices and it can be obvious
(overt) or hidden (covert). Bullying behavior is repeated, or has the potential to be
repeated, over time (for example, through sharing of digital records). Bullying of
any form or for any reason can have immediate, medium and long-term effects
on those involved, including bystanders. Single incidents and conflict or fights
between equals, whether in person or online, are not defined as bullying. Bullying
is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a
real or perceived power imbalance. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential
to be repeated, over time. Both kids who are bullied and who bully others may
have serious, lasting problems. Bullying includes actions such as making threats,
spreading rumors, attacking someone physically or verbally, and excluding
someone from a group on purpose. Bullying can occur during or after school
hours. While most reported bullying happens in the school building, a significant
percentage also happens in places like on the playground or the bus. It can also
happen travelling to or from school, in the youth’s neighborhood, or on the
Internet. Students who are repeatedly bullied may experience physical symptoms
like stomach pains, headaches, and trouble sleeping. These side effects may pair
with anxiety about going to school or participating in class which only leads to
further loss of interest and reduced academic performance. Students who are
bullied often exhibit low self-confidence, frequently experiencing depression,
suicidal thoughts, and even violent outbreaks. For example, research suggests
that students who bully are more likely to engage in violent behavior, to steal or
vandalize property, to smoke, to drink, to report poor grades, and to carry a gun.
The results of multiple long-term research studies suggest that these students
are also more likely to commit serious crimes later in life. Bullying is a distinctive
pattern of harming and humiliating others, specifically those who are in some way
smaller, weaker, younger or in any way more vulnerable than the bully. Bullying is
not garden-variety aggression; it is a deliberate and repeated attempt to cause
harm to others of lesser power. It's a very durable behavioral style, largely
because bullies get what they want—at least at first. Bullies are made, not born,
and it happens at an early age, if the normal aggression of 2-year-olds isn't
handled with consistency. Between 1 in 4 and 1 in 3 students in the United States
reports being bullied at school, according to the National Center for Education
Statistics and Bureau of Justice Statistics. In grades 6 through 12 alone, over a
quarter of students have experienced bullying. Electronic bullying has become a
significant problem in the past decade. The ubiquity of hand-held and other
devices affords bullies constant access to their prey, and harassment can often
be carried out anonymously. Studies show that bullies lack prosocial behavior,
are untroubled by anxiety, and do not understand others' feelings. They misread
the intentions of others, often imputing hostility in neutral situations. They
typically see themselves quite positively. Those who chronically bully have
strained relationships with parents and peers. Bullies couldn't exist without
victims, and they don't pick on just anyone; those singled out lack assertiveness
even in nonthreatening situations and radiate fear long before they ever
encounter a bully. Increasingly, children are growing up without the kinds of play
experiences in which children develop social skills and learn how to solve social
problems. In order to prevent bullying, it’s important to understand the
background and reasons why harassment and other acts of intimidation occur.
Every case of bullying is unique and needs to be analyzed from different
perspectives. In order to understand a situation of bullying, it’s important to have
different perspectives: the individual’s, group’s, organization’s and society’s. In
our experience, many schools get stuck in the individual’s perspective and solely
look for causes and triggers found in the victim or the person victimizing. Our
view is that we need to lift our gaze and also look at other things, such as the
sense of safety in the group, the organization’s leadership or norms in society in
order to get the full picture. In order to understand the causes of harassment and
other acts of intimidation, it’s important to have a norm-critical approach. In The
Friends Report, many children share that the harassment they experience is
linked to several different things, such as their hobbies, their taste in music, their
style of clothing, or what sport they’re interested in. Often, the behavior stems
from invisible and unwritten rules: norms that dictate which hobbies and interests
girls and boys are expected to have, what clothes they’re expected to wear or
what music they’re expected to listen to. Those who depart from the norm in
some way risk being victimized. These invisible rules that limit children and
young people’s behavior and expression exist on multiple levels. For example, a
school or class may have a norm that expects people to have a certain style of
clothes or listen to a certain type of music, and this can differ significantly from
the norm in another school. As a school, it is therefore extremely important to
analyze what norms exist in your particular school. Then you will be able to
reflect and critically examine these norms. In this way, you can work to broaden
or remove the norms that limit people and cause injustice, instead working to
establish norms that create an inclusive environment where everyone is free to
be themselves.
HAVE you ever had to deal with a bully? Most of us have at one time or
another. It may have been at school or in the workplace, or it may even have
occurred right at home—where such abuse of power is played out with alarming
frequency these days. A British source, for instance, estimates that 53 percent of
adults are verbally bullied by a spouse or a live-in partner. Bullies and their
victims may be of either gender and from any walk of life in any part of the world.
What exactly constitutes bullying? It is not quite the same as harassment or
assault. It tends to involve many small incidents that accumulate over time rather
than a single incident or a few of them. Psychologist Dan Olweus, a pioneer in
the systematic study of bullying, identifies common elements of this behavior,
such as deliberate aggressiveness and a marked inequality in terms of power.
Perhaps no single definition covers all aspects of bullying, but it has been called
“a wilful, conscious desire to hurt another and put him/her under stress.” The
stress is created not only by what actually happens but also by fear of what might
happen. Tactics may include harsh teasing, constant criticism, insults, gossip,
and unreasonable demands. Kristen, the teenager mentioned at the outset, was
singled out by bullies during most of her school years. In elementary school,
bullies put gum in her hair, teased her about her appearance, and threatened to
beat her up. In high school, things got even worse—to the point that she received
death threats over the telephone. Now 18, she laments: “School is a place where
you’re supposed to learn, not get death threats and get thrown around.” One
mental-health professional comments: “It’s a sad but common aspect of human
dynamics. Some people feel better diminishing someone else.” When such
behavior escalates, it may lead to violent retaliation and even tragedy. For
example, a transit employee who had a speech impediment was teased and
bullied so much that he finally killed four of his coworkers and then shot himself.
Bullying among school-age children occurs worldwide. A survey published in
Pediatrics in Review reveals that in Norway, 14 percent of children are either
bullies or victims. In Japan, 15 percent of primary school pupils say that they are
bullied, while in Australia and Spain, the problem prevails among 17 percent of
students. In Britain one expert figures that 1.3 million children are involved in
bullying. Professor Amos Rolider of Emek Yizre’el College surveyed 2,972 pupils
in 21 schools. According to The Jerusalem Post, the professor found that “65%
complained of being smacked, kicked, pushed or molested by fellow pupils. ”A
new and insidious development is digital bullying—the sending of menacing text
messages via cell phones and computers. Youths also create hate-filled Web
pages about a victim, including personal information. According to Dr. Wendy
Craig of Queen’s University in Canada, this form of bullying is “extraordinarily
damaging to the child who is being victimized by it”. According to a UNESCO
report it is estimated that 246 million children and adolescents experience school
violence and bullying in some form every year. 50 years ago, a bully was defined
as someone who physically picks on others who are perceived as weaker. But as
GEMS Nairobi’s year 10 student, Blessings Ndungu explained to her peers at the
schools anti-bullying assembly, a few weeks ago bullying has since transformed
into varying forms of relational aggression and it has multiple channels. It is not
so easy to physically identify bullies anymore. “Anyone who intentionally makes
you feel bad about yourself is a bully”, Blessings explained. While a lot of school
bullying cases occur on the playground, along the corridors and even in class,
the digital age has brought with it a new form of bullying- cyberbullying. This past
week the world has been talking about bullying in schools after Keaton Jones, an
American middle schooler questioned his mother in a video that since went viral
on why his fellow students picked on him. Keaton is one of the millions of
children that suffer in the hands of persistent aggressors who now are also able
to hide behind their screens and make life absolutely arduous for their peers.
Every person has the right to be protected against violence and
abuse, and your children are no exception. As parents, you do all that you can to
shelter and keep your children safe from harm. But it is only a matter of time
before these children grow, and you will no longer be able to keep a watchful eye
on them all day. Such is the case when they begin to go to school. It is for this
reason that the Anti Bullying Act has been established by the Philippine
Government. Among the biggest fears of parents, and one of the reasons why
many consider home-schooling, is that their children might be bullied while within
school premises. Sadly, such cases do occur, both in the elementary and high
school levels, and even in college. As of 2013, with the implementation of the
Anti-Bullying Act, schools have become better able to protect their students
against acts of abuse from their peers. According to the consolidated report of
Department of Education (Dep Ed), bullying cases on elementary and high
school of both private and public schools on 2014 rose by 21% or a total of 6,363
cases, compare with the 5,236 on 2013. This translates to 31 daily bullying
cases from a divisor of 201 school days. The statistics was disclosed by Rep.
Gerald Anthony Gullas, Jr., a member of the House committee on basic
education's school opening time again, and the issue of bullying is cropping up
anew. Bullied students--and their parents as well--need not be helpless. Under
Philippine laws, bullies can face the consequences of their actions, even charged
criminally. "The targets or students and their parents are protected, and can avail
of legal remedies provided under the law," lawyer Amado Aquino III told the
Philippine News Agency (PNA). Aquino pointed to Republic Act No. 10627, or the
Act Requiring All Elementary and Secondary Schools to Adopt Policies to
Prevent and Address the Acts of Bullying in their Institutions. RA 10627 enables
students to anonymously report bullying. Although disciplinary administrative
action would not be taken based on an anonymous report alone, bullies are still
subject to punishment once the report is established as true. The law requires
the school principal or any authorized representative to report to the law
enforcement agencies if he or she believes the bullying is tantamount to a crime
and, thus, criminal charges may be pursued under the Revised Penal Code. The
law says students, parents, or any member of the school administration may
report bullying instances or act of retaliation that they have witnessed. Then
school principal will either notify the police, take disciplinary administrative action,
notify the parents or guardians of the bully, or notify the parents or guardians of
the victim regarding the action taken to prevent any further acts of bullying. For
non-compliance of RA 1067, the Secretary of the Department of Education shall
prescribe the appropriate administrative sanctions on school administrators.
Erring private schools shall likewise suffer the penalty of suspension of their
permits to operate.
Rizal High School in Pasig City is one of the most populated schools
in the country. Over one thousand students have entered the school in the
opening of classes. Due to the large number of students, bullying has become
one of the serious problems in the school. Denise Rodrigo, a senior high-school
student admitted that she has lost interest in school after being a victim of
bullying by her classmates due to her height. “I don’t want to go to school before
because they always bully me and that makes me sad,” Rodrigo said. The school
guidance counselor is worried because most of the cases of bullying happen on
social media or cyber bullying, and not face to face or the actual bullying within
school premises. “Last year had the worst incidents of cyber-bullying. Through
social media they are able to form a gang and hold recruitment through online,”
Guidance and Values Education Department OIC Irma Ankiangco said.
According to a psychologist, parents should always check on their children to
know if they have problems. Parents should always be observant if there are
sudden changed in the behavior of their children. Some signs that a child is being
bullied are the repeated loss of belongings, loss of interest in school and staying
up late at night. Psychologist Dr.Camille Garcia said, “Try to be observant. As a
parent be responsible enough to check on your kids, it is not bad to check on
your kids, what is bad is to know that there is something wrong with your child
and you couldn’t do something about it anymore. The Department of Education
(DepEd) reminds school administrators to act on complaints of bullying in their
campuses. DepEd has provided a clear directive on how to address any act of
bullying. “When a child is repeatedly being embarrassed, when his classmates
are hiding his things, teasing him, others might ignore it. But that is very clear in
our DepEd Order #40, Child Protection Policy and the implementing rules and
regulations of the Anti- Bullying Act of 2013, it is not allowed,” DepEd ASec.
Tonisito Umali said. The Anti-Bullying Act was passed into law in 2013. Parents
and students flocked to schools across the city on Saturday (January 26) for the
early registration of incoming kindergarten, grades 1, 7, and 11 learners for the
school year 2019 to 2020.Early registration is pursuant to DepEd Order 03 (Ser.
2018) or the Basic Education Enrollment Policy imposed in all public and private
elementary and secondary schools across the country to avoid last-minute influx
of registrants on the first day of classes and address possible issues during the
enrollment proper. Early registration also prepares schools for the influx of
students in the next school year. Early registration is conducted in all public
schools across the country on the last Saturday of January and runs until the last
Friday of February each year. Parents say the policy is effective in alleviating the
hassles of last-minute registrations. Meanwhile, early registration will be
suspended on February 5 in observance of the Chinese New Year pursuant to
Presidential Proclamation No. 555, series 2018 declaring the regular and special
(non-working) days for 2019. Registration will resume the next day.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
 IV DV

Effects of bullying to
the academic status of
the students in terms
of;
Level of academic
 Absenteeism status of students

 Suicidal

Fig.1

The figure above shows the relationship between an independent and one
dependent variable as represented by one single headed arrow. The first box, the
independent variable is the level of effects of bullying to the academic status of
students in terms of absenteeism and suicidal. While the second box, the
dependent variable is the level of academic status of students, as one to be
predicted.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Bullying is an issue that has been affecting many in the world today. It takes
place in many forms some of which are direct and include physical harm on the
victim. Verbal bullying involves name calling and insults or threats being directed
at the victim and may involved emotional bullying where the victim’s emotions are
targeted by the bully. It may also affect the academic performance of the victim
that lead them on absenteeism and suicidal.

STATEMENT OF THE HYPOTHESIS

In this study, the researchers will hypothesis relation between the effects of
bullying to students for academic status.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

To the students, this study will encourage them to change their attitude
towards other people. It will serve as a medicine to cure the minds of every
individual to become open minded about the consequences of their action.

To the teachers, this study will give them a hint to improve their motivational
and teaching materials, techniques or methods and skills in open forum to
students who really need their guidance.

To parents, they will be aware about the kind of attitude their child is
possessing. It will give them a hint on how they would help or encourage their
child to avoid bullying.

To future researchers, the researchers in the near future ill make use of the
result of our present study. This study will serve as their basis and comparison to
their future study.
SCOPE AND LIMITATION

The study was limited only 50 students selected randomly from grade 11
students. Two major questions pertaining to the level of academic status of
Senior High School students are to be determined by the researchers.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Vulnerable. Susceptible to physical or emotional attack or harm.

Anonymous. Having no known name or identity or known source.

Chronical. Continuing a long time or recurring frequently.

Gossip. Casual or unconstrained conversation or reports about other people,

typically involving details that are not confirmed as being true.

Laments. A passionate expression of grief or sorrow.

Arduous. Involving or requiring strenuous effort difficult and tiring.

Flock. To move or gather together in large numbers.

Pursuant. In accordance with (a law or a legal document or resolution).

Influx. An arrival or entry of large numbers of people or thing.

Retaliation. The action of harming someone they have harmed oneself;

revenge.
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/basics/bullying

https://friends.se/en/facts-research/about-bullying/causes-of-bullying/
https://bullyingnoway.gov.au/WhatIsBullying/DefinitionOfBullying

https://www.stopbullying.gov/what-is-bullying/index.html