CONSTITUTIONAL LAW 1

First Semester, 2016

Prof. Dante B. Gatmaytan

dan.gatmaytan@gmail.com

Grades will be computed using the following formula: Recitation 50%; Midterm Exam 20%;
Final Exam 30%. This formula may be changed at the Professor’s discretion.

DANTE GATMAYTAN, LEGAL METHOD ESSENTIALS 2.0 (2014). [METHOD]

DANTE GATMAYTAN, CONSTITUTIONAL LAW IN THE PHILIPPINES: GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE
(2015). [CLIP]

I. Preliminary Readings and Basic Concepts

Mark Tushnet, The Politics of Constitutional Law, in THE POLITICS OF CONSTITUTIONAL LAW: A
PROGRESSIVE CRITIQUE 219-235 (David Kayris ed., 1990)

PETER IRONS, A PEOPLE’S HISTORY OF THE SUPREME COURT: THE MEN AND WOMEN WHOSE
CASES AND DECISIONS HAVE SHAPED OUR CONSTITUTION 395-408 (1999)

Scott Barclay and Shauna Fisher, Cause Lawyers in the First Wave of Same Sex Marriage
Litigation, in CAUSE LAWYERS AND SOCIAL MOVEMENTS 84-97 (Austin Sarat & Stuart A.
Scheingold eds, 2006)

MICHAEL WILLRICH, POX: AN AMERICAN HISTORY 285-336 (2011)

Rachel F. Moran, Judicial Review of Anti Miscegenation Laws: The Long Road to Loving in
INTERRACIAL INTIMACY: THE REGULATION OF RACE AND ROMANCE 76-100 (2001).

Pacifico A. Agabin, The Politics of Judicial Review over Executive Action: The Supreme Court and
Social Change in UNCONSTITUTIONAL ESSAYS 167-198 (1996)

Roger Lee Mendoza, Breast Milk versus Formula: Courts, Health Marketing and Asymmetric
Information, 2:1 ICAN: INFANT, CHILD, & ADOLESCENT NUTRITION 7-14 (2010)

Marvin E. Frankel et al., THE PHILIPPINES: A COUNTRY IN CRISIS—A REPORT BY THE LAWYERS
COMMITTEE FOR INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS, 15 COLUMBIA HUMAN RIGHTS LAW REVIEW 69-129
(1983)

II. The Constitution and its Interpretation

GATMAYTAN, CLIP, Introduction and Chapter 1.

GATMAYTAN, METHOD Chapters 2 to 3.

Manila Prince Hotel v. GSIS, 267 SCRA 408 (1997)

Endencia v. David, 93 Phil. 696 (1953)
Francisco v. The House of Representatives, 415 SCRA 44 (2003)
In Re Supreme Court Judicial Independence v. Judiciary Development Fund, UDK-15143
(Resolution), January 21, 2015

Interpretation
Nitafan v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 152 SCRA 284 (1987)
Filoteo Jr. v. Sandiganbayan, 263 SCRA 222 (1996)
J.M. Tuason & Co., Inc. v. Land Tenure Administration, 31 SCRA 413 (1970)

Adoption and Amendment of the Constitution

Santiago v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 127325, March 19, 1997.

Gonzales v. COMELEC, 21 SCRA 774 (1967)
Tolentino v. COMELEC, 41 SCRA 702 (1971)
Planas v. COMELEC, 49 SCRA 105 (1973) (main opinion)
Javellana v. Executive Secretary, 50 SCRA 30 (1973) (Read the opinions of Justices
Concepcion, Makasiar, and Zaldivar).
Lambino v. COMELEC, 505 SCRA 160 (2006)

III. Judicial Review

A. Separation of Powers

In Re: Laureta and Maravilla, 148 SCRA 382 (1987)

Demetria v. Alba, 148 SCRA 208 (1987)

B. Theory and Justification of Judicial Review

Angara v. Electoral Commission, 63 Phil. 139 (1936)

C. Justiciable and Political Questions

Miranda v. Aguirre, G.R. No. 133064, September 16, 1999

Francisco v. The House of Representatives, 415 SCRA 44 (2003)
Torrecampo v. MWSS, G.R. No. 188296, May 30, 2011

D. Requisites of Judicial Review

See GATMAYTAN, CLIP, Chapter 4.

1. Actual Case or Controversy

Prematurity:

PACU v. Secretary of Education, 97 Phil. 806 (1955)

Mariano v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 118577, March 7, 1995
Montesclaros v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 152295, July 9, 2002

Mootness

Atlas Fertilizer v. Secretary of DAR, G.R. No. 93100, June 19, 1997
Lacson v. Perez, 357 SCRA 756 (2001)
Sanlakas v. Executive Secretary, G.R. 159085, February 3, 2004

2. Proper Party

Joya v. PCGG, G.R. 96541, August 24, 1993

CHR Employees Assoc. v. CHR, G.R. 155336, November 25, 2004
Automotive Industry Workers Alliance v. Romulo, G.R. 157509, Jan. 18, 2005
Citizen Standing:

Tanada v. Tuvera, 136 SCRA 27 (1985)

Chavez v. PEA and Amari, G.R. 133250, July 9, 2002

Associational Standing:

KMU Labor Center v. Garcia, G.R. 115381, December 23, 1994

IBP v. Zamora, 338 SCRA 81 (2000)
Executive Secretary v. Court of Appeals, 429 SCRA 781, May 25, 2004
GMA Network, Inc. v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 205357, September 2, 2014

Taxpayer’s Standing:

Information Technology Foundation of the Philippines v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 159139,

January 13, 2004

Voter’s Standing:

Tolentino v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 148334, January 21, 2004.

Legislative Standing:

Ople v. Torres, 293 SCRA 141 (1998)

Governmental Standing:

People v. Vera, 65 Phil 56 (1937)

Standing for Fauna:

Resident Marine Mammals of the Protected Seascape Tanon Strait v. Secretary Reyes, G.R.
No. 180771/181527, April 21, 2015

3. Earliest Opportunity

4. Necessity of Deciding Constitutional Questions

Arceta v. Mangrobang, G.R. No. 152895, June 15, 2004

Angara v. Electoral Commission, 63 Phil. 139 (1936)

SESSION 6
IV. Territory, People, and Government

A. Territory

See Exec. Ord. No. 292 (1987), Book I, sec. 3.

Republic Act No. 9522 (2009).

Magallona v. Ermita, G.R. No. 187167, July 16, 2011

In the Matter of the South China Sea Arbitration, PCA Case Nº 2013-19, July 12, 2016,
available at https://pca-cpa.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/175/2016/07/PH-CN-20160712-
Award.pdf
The Province of North Cotabato v. The Government of the Republic of the Philippines
Peace Panel on Ancestral Domain, G.R. No. 183591, October 14, 2008
Cruz v. Secretary of Environment and Natural Resources, G.R. No. 135385, December 6,
2000

B. People

1. Citizenship

Article IV (Citizenship), Sections 1-5

See Exec. Ord. No. 292 (1987), Book I, sections 5 to 9.

Aznar v. COMELEC, 185 SCRA 703 (1990)

Tecson v. Commission on Elections, 424 SCRA 277 (2004)
Co v. Electoral Tribunal of the House of Representatives, 199 SCRA 692 (1991)
Willie Yu v. Defensor-Santiago, 169 SCRA 364 (1989)
Angat v. Republic, 314 SCRA 438 (1999)
Bengson III v. Cruz, 357 SCRA 545 (2001)
Tan Co v. Civil Register of Manila, 423 SCRA 426 (2004)
Republic v. Sagun, G.R. No. 187567, February 15, 2012
Go v. Republic of the Philippines, G.R. No. 202809, July 2, 2014

Labo v. COMELEC, 176 SCRA 1 (1989)

Maquiling v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 195649, April 16, 2013
Frivaldo v. COMELEC, 257 SCRA 727 (1996)
Sobejana-Condon v. COMELEC, GR No. 198742, August 10, 2012

Republic Act No. 8171 (1995)

Republic Act No. 9225 or “An Act Making the Citizenship of Philippine Citizens who Acquire
Foreign Citizenship Permanent, Amending for the Purpose Commonwealth Act No. 63, As
Amended and for other Purposes” (August 29, 2003)

SESSION 7
2. Suffrage

Art. V, Sections 1-2

Gallego v. Verra, 73 Phil. 453 (1941)

Romualdez v. RTC, 226 SCRA 408, 415 (1993)
AKBAYAN v. COMELEC, 355 SCRA 318 (2001)
Kabataan Party List v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 221318, December 16, 2015
Palatino v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 189868, December 15, 2009
Ceniza v. COMELEC, 95 SCRA 703 (1980)
Gonzales v. COMELEC, L-40117, February 22, 1975
Macalintal v. COMELEC, 405 SCRA 614 (2003)

See Republic Act No. 9189 or “An Act Providing for a System of Overseas Absentee Voting by
Qualified Citizens of the Philippines Abroad, Appropriating Funds Therefor, and for other
Purposes” (February 13, 2003) as amended by Republic Act No. 10590.
 C. Government

Government of the Philippines, Defined

See Exec. Ord. No. 292 (1987), Introductory Provisions, section 2.

U.S. v. Dorr, 2 Phil. 332 (1903)

Constituent and Ministrant and Functions of the Government

Bacani v. NACOCO, 100 Phil. 468 (1956)

ACCFA v. CUGCO, 141 Phil 334 (1969)

De Facto and De Jure Government

Co Cham v. Valdez, 75 Phil. 113 (1945)

Revolutionary Government

Republic v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 104768, July 21, 2003

Parens Patriae

Concepcion v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 123450, August 31, 2005

SESSION 8
Immunity from Suit

See Exec. Ord. No. 292 (1987), Book I, sections 10-11.

Republic v. Feliciano, 148 SCRA 424 (1987)

Meritt v. Government of the Phil. Island, 34 Phil. 311 (1916)
Philippine Agila Satellite v. Lichauco, G.R. No. 134887, July 27, 2006
Minucher v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 142396, February 11, 2003
GTZ v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 152318, April 16, 2009
Vigilar v. Aquino, G.R. No. 180388, January 18, 2011
Arigo v. Swift, G.R. No. 206510, September 16, 2014

Money Claims

Ministerio v. Court of First Instance, 40 SCRA 464 (1971)

Inherent Powers of the State

Rubi v. Provincial Board, 39 Phil. 660 (1919)

Agustin v. Edu, 88 SCRA 195 (1979)

SESSION 9
V. The Branches of Government

A. Congress

1. Power, Composition, Qualification and Term of Office

a. Senate
 b. House of Representatives

Atong Paglaong, Inc. v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 203766, April 2, 2013
Abang Lingkod Party-List v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 206952, October 22, 2013
Ang Ladlad LGBT Party v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 190582, April 8, 2010
Dayao v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 193643, January 29, 2013
Lokin, Jr. v. Commission on Elections, GR No. 193808, June 26, 2012
Lico v. Commission on Elections, GR No. 205505, September 29, 2015.
Coalition of Associations of Senior Citizens v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 206844-45,
July 23, 2013
COCOFED-Philippine Coconut Producers Federation, Inc. v. Commission on Elections, G.R.
No. 207026, August 6, 2013
Araro v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 192803, December 10, 2013
Aksyon Magsasaka-Partido Tinig ng Masa v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 207134, June
16, 2015

Aquino v. COMELEC, 248 SCRA 400 (1995)

Marcos v. COMELEC, 248 SCRA 300 (1995)
Torrayno v. COMELEC, 337 SCRA 574 137329 (2000)

2. Election

a. Regular election
b. Special election

Republic Act No. 6645 (1987)

Tolentino v. COMELEC, 420 SCRA 438, January 21, 2004

SESSION 10
3. Organizations and Sessions

a. Election of Officers

Santiago v. Guingona, G.R. No. 134577, November 18, 1998

b. Quorum

Avelino v. Cuenco, 83 Phil. 17 (1949)

c. Rules of Proceedings

Pacete v. Commission on Appointments, 40 SCRA 58 (1971)

Arroyo v. De Venecia, G.R. No. 127255, August 14, 1997

d. Discipline of Members

Alejandrino v. Quezon, 46 Phil 83 (1924)

Osmena v. Pendatun, 109 Phil. 863 (1960)
De Venecia v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 130240, Feb. 5, 2002
Pobre v. Defensor-Santiago, A.C. 7399, August 25, 2009
Pimentel v. Senate Committee of the Whole, G.R. No. 187714, March 8, 2011

e. Journal and Record

1. The Enrolled Bill Theory

Casco Chemical Co. v. Gimenez, 7 SCRA 347 (1963)
Philippine Judges Association v. Prado, 27 SCRA 703 (1993)

2. Probative Value of the Journal

United States v. Pons, 34 Phil. 729 (1916)

3. Matters to be entered in the Journal

4. Journal Entry Rule v. Enrolled Bill Theory

Astorga v. Villegas, 56 SCRA 714 (1974)

Morales v. Subido, 27 SCRA 131 (1969)

5. Congressional Record

f. Session

1. Regular sessions
2. Special sessions
3. Joint sessions

SESSION 11
4. Salaries, Privileges and Disqualifications

a. Salaries

PHICONSA v. Mathay, 18 SCRA 300 (1966)

Ligot v. Mathay, 56 SCRA 823 (1974)

b. Freedom from Arrest

People v. Jalosjos, G.R. No. 132875-76, February 3, 2000

c. Speech and Debate Clause

Jimenez v. Cabangbang, 17 SCRA 876 (1966)

d. Disqualifications

Adaza v. Pacana, Jr. 135 SCRA 431 (1985)

Puyat v. De Guzman, 113 SCRA 31 (1982)
Liban v. Gordon, G.R. No. 175352, July 15, 2009 and January 18, 2011

Republic Act No. 10530 (2013)

e. Duty to Disclose

5. Electoral Tribunals

Abbas v. SET, 166 SCRA 651 (1988)

Bondoc v. Pineda, 201 SCRA 792 (1991)
Codilla v. De Venecia, G.R. 150605, December 10, 2002
Reyes v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 207264, June 25, 2013
Velasco v. Speaker, G.R. No. 211140, January 12, 2016
Pimentel v. HRET, G.R. No. 141489, November 29, 2002
Abayon v. HRET, G.R. No. 222236, May 3, 2016

6. Commission on Appointments

Daza v. Singson, 180 SCRA 496 (1989)

Coseteng v. Mitra, Jr. 187 SCRA 377 (1990)
Guingona v. Gonzales, 214 SCRA 789 (1992)
Drilon v. De Venecia, G.R. No. 180055, July 31, 2009

SESSION 12

7. Powers of Congress

a. General Plenary Powers

Sema v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 177597, July 16, 2008

Torralba v. Sibagat, 147 SCRA 390 (1987)

b. Limitations on the Legislative Power

1. Substantive limitations

GATMAYTAN, METHOD, 187-203

2. Procedural limitations

ABAKADA GURO Party List v. Purisima, G.R. No. 166715, August 14, 2008

8. Legislative Process

a. Requirements as to bills

1. Titles of bills

Lidasan v. COMELEC, 21 SCRA 479 (1967)

Cruz v. Paras, 123 SCRA 569 (1983)
Giron v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 188179, January 22, 2013

2. Requirements as to certain laws

a. Appropriation laws

Demetria v. Alba, 148 SCRA 208 (1987)

Guingona v. Carague, 196 SCRA 221 (1991)
Philconsa v. Enriquez, G.R. No. 113105, August 19, 1994
LAMP v. The Secretary of Budget, G.R. No. 164987, April 24, 2012
Belgica v. Executive Secretary, G.R. No. 208566, November 19, 2013
Araullo v. Aquino III, G.R. No. 209287, July 1, 2014
Pichay, Jr. v. Office of the Deputy Executive Secretary, G.R. No. 196425, July 24, 2012
Nazareth v. Villar, G.R. No. 188635, January 29, 2013

b. Tax laws
Tolentino v. Secretary of Finance, G.R. No. 115455, August 25, 1994
Lung Center v. Quezon City, G.R. No. 144104, June 29, 2004
Tan v. Del Rosario, 237 SCRA 324 (1994)
Garcia v. Executive Secretary, 211 SCRA 219 (1992)
John Hay PAC v. Lim, G.R. No. 119775, October 24, 2003

SESSION 13
c. Appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court

Fabian v. Desierto, G.R. No. 129742, September 16, 1998

Carpio-Morales v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 217126-27, November 10, 2015

b. Procedure for the passage of bills

Tolentino v. Secretary of Finance, G.R. No. 115455, Aug. 25, 1994

Gonzales v. Macaraig, G.R. No. 87636, November 19, 1990
Bengzon v. Drilon, 208 SCRA 133 (1992)
Miller v. Mardo, 2 SCRA 898 (1961)
Kida v. Senate, G.R. No. 196271, October 18, 2011 (on certification that the bill is urgent)

c. Effectivity of laws

Tanada v. Tuvera, G.R. No. L-63915, April 24, 1985 and December 29, 1986

Executive Order No. 200, June 18, 1987

d. Question Hour
e. Legislative investigation

Arnault v. Nazareno, 87 Phil. 29 (1950)

Arnault v. Balagtas, 97 Phil. 358 (1955)
In Re Sabio, G.R. 174340, October 17, 2006
Bengzon v. Sen. Blue Ribbon Committee, 203 SCRA 767 (1991)
Senate of the Philippines v. Ermita, G.R. No. 169777, April 20, 2006
Gudani v. Sena, G.R. No. 170165, August 15, 2006
Neri v. Senate Committee on Accountability of Public Officers and Investigations, G.R. No.
180643, March 25, 2008 and September 4, 2008
Garcillano v. The House of Representatives Committee on Public Information, G.R. No.
170338, December 23, 2008
AKBAYAN v. Aquino, G.R. No. 170516, July 16, 2008

SESSION 14

9. Other Powers:

a. Act as board of canvassers for presidential election

Pimentel v. Congress, G.R. No. 163783, June 22, 2004

b. Call a special election for Presidency

c. Decide on disability of the President
d. Legislative veto or extension for suspension of writ of habeas corpus or declaration
of martial law
e. Presidential amnesties
f. Concur in treaties
Pimentel v. Executive Secretary, G.R. No. 158088, July 6, 2005
Bayan Muna v. Romulo, G.R. No. 159618, February 1, 2011
Saguisag v. Ochoa, G.R. No. 212426, 212444, January 12, 2016

g. Declaration of existence of war

h. Delegation of emergency powers
i. Utilization of natural resources
j. Amendment of Constitution
k. Power of Impeachment

Gutierrez v. The House of Representatives Committee on Justice, G.R. No. 193459, February
15, 2011
Chief Justice Corona v. Senate, JGR No. 200242, July 17, 2012

SESSION 15
B. Executive Department

1. The President

a. Qualifications, election, term and oath

Pormento v. Estrada, G.R. No. 181988, August 31, 2010

b. Privileges and salary

Republic v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 152154, July 15, 2003

Marcos, Jr. v. Republic of the Philippines, G.R. No. 189434, March 12, 2014

c. Succession
1. In case of vacancy at the beginning of term
2. In Case of vacancy during term
3. In case of temporary disability

Estrada v. Arroyo, G.R. No. 146738, March 2, 2001

d. Removal
e. Prohibitions
f. Exceptions to prohibition from holding another office:

Civil Liberties Union v. Executive Secretary, 194 SCRA 317 (1991)

Cruz v. Commission on Audit, G.R. No. 138489, November 29, 2001
National Amnesty Commission v. Commission on Audit, G.R. No. 156982, September 8, 2004

2. Powers and Functions of the President

a. Executive Power

Marcos v. Manglapus, G.R. No. 88211, September 15, 1989

The Province of North Cotabato v. The Government of the Republic of the Philippines Peace
Panel on Ancestral Domain, G.R. No. 183591, October 14, 2008
DENR v. DENR Region 12 Employees, G.R. No. 149725, August 19, 2003
Banda v. Ermita, G.R. No. 166620, April 20, 2010
Biraogo v. Philippine Truth Commission of 2010, 637 SCRA 78 (2010)

b. Control of executive departments

Blaquera v. Alcala, G.R. No. 109406, September 11, 1998
Hutchison Ports v. SBMA, G.R. No. 131367, August 31, 2000
NEA v. COA, 377 SCRA 233 (2002)

c. General supervision over local governments/autonomous regions

Pimentel v. Aguirre, G.R. No. 132988, July 19, 2000

SESSION 16
d. Power of Appointment

Bermudez v. Torres, G.R. No. 131429, August 4, 1999

Sarmiento v. Mison, 156 SCRA 549 (1987)
Calderon v. Carale, G.R. No. 91636, April 23, 1992
Manalo v. Sistoza, G.R. No. 107369, August 11, 1999
Soriano v. Lista, G.R. No. 153881, March 24, 2003
Pimentel v. Ermita, G.R. 164978, October 13, 2005
General v. Urra, G.R. No. 191560, March 29, 2011
In Re Valenzuela, A.M. No. 98-5-01-SC, November 9, 1998
De Castro v. JBC, G.R. No. 191002, March 17, 2010
De Rama v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 131136, February 28, 2001
Velicaria-Garafil v. Office of the President, G.R. No. 203372, June 16, 2015.
Matibag v. Benipayo, G.R. No. 149036, April 2, 2002
Larin v. Executive Secretary, G.R. No. 112745, October 16, 1997
Funa v. Commission on Audit Chair, G.R. No. 192791, April 24, 2012
Funa v. Agra, G.R. No. 191644, February 19, 2013
Funa v. Civil Service Commission, G.R. No. 191672, November 25, 2014
Gonzales III v. Office of the President, G.R. No. 196231, September 4, 2012 and January 28,
2014

e. Executive Clemency

Barrioquinto v. Fernandez, G.R. L-1278, January 21, 1949

Vera v. People, 7 SCRA 152 (1963)
Cristobal v. Labrador, 71 Phil. 34 (1941)
Monsanto v. Factoran G.R. 78239, February 9, 1989
Torres v. Gonzales, 152 SCRA 273 (1987)
Risos-Vidal v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 206666, January 21, 2015

SESSION 17

f. Commander-in-Chief

IBP v. Zamora, G.R. No. 141284, August 15, 2000

Ampatuan v. Puno, G.R. No. 190259, June 7, 2011
Sanlakas v. Executive Secretary, G.R. No. 159085, February 3, 2004
Fortun v. Macapagal-Arroyo, G.R. No. 190293, March 20, 2012
Olaguer v. Military Commission No. 34, 150 SCRA 144 (1987)
Navales v. Abaya, G.R. No. 162318, October 25, 2004
In Re De Villa, G.R. No. 158802, November 17, 2004
Garcia v. Executive Secretary, July 30, 2012, GR No. 198554

g. Emergency Powers

David v. Arroyo, G.R. No. 171396, May 3, 2006

 h. Contracting and guaranteeing foreign loans

Constantino v. Cuisia, G.R. No. 106064, October 13, 2005

i. Foreign affairs

Nicolas v. Romulo, G.R. No. 175888, Feb. 11, 2009

Comm. of Customs v. Eastern Sea Trading, 3 SCRA 351 (1961)
Go Tek v. Deportation Board, 79 SCRA 17 (1977)

j. Legislation
1. Address Congress
2. Preparation and submission of the budget
3. Veto-Power
4. Emergency Powers

k. Immunity from suit

Beltran v. Macasiar, G.R. No. 82585, November 14, 1988

Gloria v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 119903, August 15, 2000

3. Vice President
a. Qualifications, election, term and oath
b. Privileges and salary
c. Prohibitions
d. Succession

SESSION 18
C. The Judicial Department

1. Judicial Power
2. The Supreme Court
a. Composition
b. Mode of Sitting

People v. Gacott, G.R. No. 116049, July 13, 1995

c. Appointments and qualifications

Kilosbayan v. Ermita, G.R, No. 177721, July 3, 2007

d. No non-judicial work for judges

Meralco v. Pasay Trans Co., 57 Phil. 600 (1932)

Garcia v. Macaraig, 30 SCRA 106 (1971)

e. Salary

Nitafan v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 152 SCRA 284 (1987)

f. Tenure
g. Removal

In Re Gonzalez, 160 SCRA 771 (1988)

 h. Fiscal autonomy

Re: COA Opinion on Computation of Appraised Value of Properties Purchased by Supreme Court
Justices, A.M. No. 11-7-10-SC, July 31, 2012
Re: In the Matter of Clarification of Exemption From Payment of all Court and Sheriff’s Fees
of Cooperatives Duly Registered in Accordance with Republic Act No. 9520 otherwise known
as the Philippine Cooperative Code of 2008, A.M. No. 12-2-03-0, March 13, 2012

i. Jurisdiction

Felipe v. Leuterio, 91 Phil. 482 (1952)

j. Deliberations

Prudential Bank v. Castro, 158 SCRA 646 (1988)

Consing v. Court of Appeals, 177SCRA 14 (1989)
In Re: Production of Court Records and Documents and the Attendance of Court officials
and employees as witnesses under the subpoenas of February 10, 2012 and the various
letters for the Impeachment Prosecution Panel dated January 19 and 25, 2012, February 14,
2012

k. Voting

Cruz v. DENR, G.R. No. 135385, December 6, 2000

l. Requirements as to decisions

Miguel v. JCT Group, Inc., G.R. No. 157752, March 16, 2005.
Nunal v. COA, 169 SCRA 356 (1989)
People v. Bugarin, 273 SCRA 384 (1997)
Hernandez v. Court of Appeals, 228 SCRA 429 (1993)
Yao v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 132428, October 24, 2000

m. Petition for Review/Motion for Reconsideration

Tichangco v. Enriquez, G.R. No. 150629, June 30, 2004

Martinez v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 123547, May 21, 2001

n. Periods for deciding cases

Re: Delays in the Sandiganbayan, A.M. No. 00-8-05-SC, November 28, 2001
Office of the Court Administrator v. Fuentes III, A.M. No. RTJ-13-2342, March 6, 2013

SESSION 19

o. Presidential Electoral Tribunal

Macalintal v. Presidential Electoral Tribunal, G.R. No. 191818, June 7, 2011

p. Administrative powers

1. Supervision of lower courts

In re Demetria, A.M. No. 00-7-09-CA, March 27, 2001

Caoibes, Jr. v. Ombudsman, G.R. No. 132177, July 19, 2001
Re: Conrado M. Vasquez, Jr., A.M. No. 08-8-11-CA, September 09, 2008

2. Temporarily assign judges to other stations in public interest

3. Order a change of venue or place of trial to avoid miscarriage of justice

People v. Pilotin, 65 SCRA 635 (1975)

Mondiguing v. Abad, 68 SCRA 14 (1975)
People v. Sola, 103 SCRA 393 (1981)

4. Appointment of officials and employees of entire judiciary

5. Promulgate rules concerning the enforcement and protection of
constitutional rights

In the Matter of the Petition for the Writ of Amparo and Habeas Data in favor of Noriel H.
Rodriguez, G.R. No. 191805 & G.R. No. 193160, November 15, 2011
Dolot v. Paje, G.R. No. 199199, August 27, 2013
Infant Caram v. Segui, G.R. No. 193652, August 5, 2014

Republic Act No. 10353 (2012)

6. Promulgate Rules Concerning Pleading, Practice and Procedure

7. Admission to the Practice of Law

Zaldivar v. Gonzales, 166 SCRA 316 (1988)

Baguio Market Vendors Multi-Purpose Cooperative v. Cabato-Cortes, G.R. No. 165922,
February 26, 2010.
Aguirre v. Rana, Bar Matter No. 1036, June 10, 2003
In Re: Ong, A.M. No. SB-14-21-J, September 23, 2014
Zoleta v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 185224, July 29, 2015

SESSION 20
8. Integration of the Bar

In re: Edillon, 84 SCRA 554 (1978)

In re: IBP Elections Bar Matter No. 491 (October 6, 1989)

9. Legal Assistance to the Underprivileged

q. Report on the Judiciary

3 Lower courts

a. Qualifications and appointment

b. Tenure

De La Llana v. Alba, 122 SCRA 291 (1982)

5. The Judicial and Bar Council

 Dante Gatmaytan and Cielo Magno, Averting Diversity: A Review of Nominations and
Appointments to the Philippine Supreme Court (1988-2008), ASIAN JOURNAL OF
COMPARATIVE LAW, Vol. 6: Iss. 1, Article 3 available at
http://www.bepress.com/asjcl/vol6/iss1/art3/
Dulay v. Judicial and Bar Council, Extended Res., GR No. 202143, July 3, 2012
Citizens Adaza v. President Aquino and JBC, Res., GR. No. 202263, July 17, 2012
Chavez v. Judicial and Bar Council, GR No. 202242, April 16, 2013 (read the dissent of Justice
Leonen)
Jardeleza v. Judicial and Bar Council, G.R. No. 213181, August 19, 2014
Villanueva v. Judicial and Bar Council, G.R. No. 211833, April 7, 2015.

6. Automatic release of appropriation for the judiciary

Bengzon v. Drilon, 208 SCRA 133 (1992)

SESSION 21
Constitutional Commissions

Legaspi v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 216572, April 19, 2016

Trade and Investment Development Corporation of the Philippines v. Civil Service
Commission, G.R. No. 182249, March 5, 2013
De los Santos v. Mallare, G.R. No. L-3381, August 31, 1950
Demaisip v. Bacal, G.R. No. 139382, December 6, 2000
Buklod ng Kawaning EIIB v. Executive Secretary, G.R. No. 142801, July 10, 2001
Flores v. Drilon, G.R. No. 104732, June 22, 1993
Gaminde v. Commission on Audit, G.R. No. 140335, December 13, 2000
Development Bank of the Philippines v. Commission on Audit, G.R. No. 88435, January 16,
2002
The Special Audit Team, Commission on Audit v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 174788, April
11, 2013
Funa v. Manila Economic and Cultural Office, G.R. No. 193462, February 4, 2014
Goh v. Bayron, G.R. No. 212584, November 25, 2014