Republic of the Philippines

University of Southeastern Philippines

Bislig Campus
Maharlika, Bislig City

ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

Energy Conversion 1 Laboratory

Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering

(BSEE-IV)

Experiment No. 1

TESTING A SELF-EXCITER DC MOTOR USING

BRAKE TEST METHOD

Submitted by:
Cuarto, Albert
Bartolare, Jaymark
Calaque, Jevan
David, Carl Anthony
Del Castillo, Eden Paul
Pana, Floirendo

Submitted to:
Engineer Lorenzo L. Moricho Jr.
 Experiment No. 1

TESTING A SELF-EXCITER DC MOTOR USING BRAKE TEST

METHOD

OBJECTIVES
The main objective of this activity is to demonstrate in testing a self-exciter DC motor
using Brake Test Method. In order to meet the general objective, the students must attain the
following objectives:
o Determine the Torque using the Brake test method.
o Evaluate the total losses at no-load and at rated-load.
o Determine the efficiency of the motor.

MATERIALS REQUIRED
1. Starter Motor

For the supply voltage of Starter Motor

1. 12 Volt Motor Battery

2. Alligator Clip

3. Conductor Wires

For Testing

1. Ammeter

2. Digital Multitester

For the Load

1. Wood Stand

2. Rope

3. Capacity Alloy Mechanical Scale

4. 2kg object (optional if any available)

THEORY
In a self-excited DC motor, is connected from a single source of DC power to armature motor.
The principle of motor can be stated whenever a current carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic
field. The motor action results when an armature is placed in magnetic field and the winding is
supplied with current. Under this condition the magnetic field produces a magnetic field of its own
The generated Electromotive force (emf) in the armature is called the back emf. In self-exciter
motor with no field windings the following diagram show below.

𝑅𝑎

𝑀𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑠

𝑀𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟

The following equations are used:

𝐸𝑏 = 𝑉𝑡 − 𝐼𝑎 𝑅𝑎

𝐼𝐿 = 𝐼𝑎

𝑆𝑃𝐿 = 𝑉𝑡 𝐼𝑎𝑛𝐿 − 𝐼𝑎𝑛𝐿 2 𝑅𝑎

𝑃𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 − 𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑠
𝑛= × 100%
𝑃𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡
BRAKE TEST

It is a direct method and consist of applying a brake. The motor is running and the load
on the motor is adjusted till it carries its full load.
The following equations are used:

𝑇 = 𝑊(𝑟)

𝑂𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡
𝑛= × 100%
𝐼𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡

Where:

𝑇 = 𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑞𝑢𝑒

𝑊 = 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 ∙ 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛; (𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡)

𝑟 = 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠ℎ𝑎𝑓𝑡 (𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟)

PROCEDURE

At no Load

1) The circuit must be connected according to the diagram.

2) Connect the voltage source (12V Battery) to the positive and negative terminal of the DC motor

using alligator clip.

3) Use the digital multitester set to voltage to get the voltmeter reading supplied by the voltage source

connecting the DC motor

4) Use ammeter to get the line current reading supplied by the battery to the dc motor.

At Break test

1) The circuit must be connected according to the diagram.

2) Connect the voltage source (12V Battery) to the positive and negative terminal of the DC motor

using alligator clip.

3) Place the load at the certain mass until the shaft of the motor will stop.

4) Use the digital multitester set to voltage to get the voltmeter reading supplied by the voltage source

connecting the DC motor with the load at certain mass

5) Use ammeter to get the line current reading supplied by the battery to the dc motor with a certain

load were the motor will finally brake.

DIAGRAM

At No Load Test Diagram

𝑅𝑎

𝑀𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑠

𝑀𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟

𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟

𝐴𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟

At Load Test Diagram

𝑅𝑎

𝑀𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑠
𝑀𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟

𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟

𝑘𝑔
𝐴𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟

𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑
 DATA RESULTS

At no load, since the gathered value of the armature we used is in rms (Amperes). So, we

need to divide it by the square root of 2 to make it Ampere.

Trials Voltmeter Ammeter Line Armature SPL Copper Mass Radius

Reading Reading Current Resistance (Watts) Loss (kg) (cm)
(A rms) (Watts)
1 12.73 V 24 16.97A 0.08 ohms 192.99 23.04 0 0.6

2 12.73 V 31 21.92A 0.08 ohms 192.99 38.44 2 0.6

3 12.73 V 60 42.42 0.08 ohms 192.99 144 3 0.6

Using the gathered data as shown in the tabulated results to get the torque, total losses, and

efficiency. Since during the experiment the motor brakes or stop its rotation at 3 kg, therefore

consider trial 3.

Torque Power Input Total Losses Overall

Mass (kg) Weight (N) Radius (cm) (N-cm) (Watts) (Watts) Efficiency

3 29.43 0.6 17.658 540 336.99 37.6%

 CONCLUSIONS

In conclusion with the experiment we conducted. By using the brake-test method that

involves different suspended weight until the motor stop running we found out that the motor we

used stop at a load that has a suspended weight of 3kg and the motor draws w a line current of

42.42 A through a voltage source of 12.73 V it found out that the motor we used has a torque of

17.658 N-cm, Total losses of 336.99 W and efficiency of 37.6%.

 COMPILATION OF EXPERIMENTS IN
ENERGY CONVERSION 1 LAB

A Module
Presented to the Engineering Department
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHEASTERN PHILIPPINES
Bislig Campus

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Course
Bachelor of Science
In
Electrical Engineering

Presented by:
BSEE-IV

In Collaboration with:
Engr. Lorenzo L. Moricho Jr
December 2018
 COMPILATION OF EXPERIMENT IN
ENERGY CONVERSION 1 LAB

ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHEASTERN PHILIPPINES
Bislig Campus
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The success of this compilation of Energy Conversion 1 Lab experiments will not be

possible without the help of our Almighty God who become our strength in time of our

weaknesses. To our family for their unending love, guidance, and assistance morally and

financially aspects. To our respected instructor Engr. Lorenzo L. Moricho for his valuable

guidance and sharing his knowledge, ideas and time.

With heartfelt gratitude, we, the fourth year Electrical Engineering student acknowledge

and thank you for all of your concerns, support and prayers. This compilation will not be possible

without all of you.

 RATIONALE

This compilation is intended to provide institutional comprehensive and thorough aid of

different experiment on a generator and motor testing. The goal is to imply more knowledge to the

engineering students and to better understand how to perform the following experiments.

This compilation contains experiment enlisted in the Energy Conversion 1 Laboratory

syllabus. It contains relevant lessons not only in electrical engineering field, but not all related to

those areas of applied engineering courses.

This compilation focuses only in generators and motors. This involves the characteristics

of generator and motor, including theories and principles, diagrams, formulas and documentations.

Starting with generator, generator is machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical

energy this machine is commonly and needy in used at different powerplants. Generators have

three characteristics namely; Open circuit Characteristics, Internal characteristics, and

External characteristics. Every generator must generate an Electromotive force which can be

used to supply as power to a certain load. In other side Motor is the vice-versa of generator it main

function is to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy this machine is commonly and

needy in used at different industry. Calculation of torque, losses and efficiency are important in

the motor in order to measure the following two DC machine testing methods are used this test is

not only applicable to dc motor but also in dc generators. These two tests are the following; Brake-

test and Swinburne test. The first one used weighing scale to measure the force or the weight

suspended and it mostly involve at the external part of the motor and the latter used ammeter,

voltmeter and mostly involves at the internal aspect of the motor.

 Furthermore, the instructor has the flexibility to choose this material as an additional

reference to accommodate his or her students need. The instructional tool is made for students to

get good foundation in the field of electrical engineering field.

 GENERAL SAFETY INSTRUCTION FOR THE STUDENTS

Read this section carefully before you perform the following any experiment in the

Electrical Engineering Laboratory.

1. While performing experiments in Electrical Engineering Laboratory, you must follow

certain safety rules and precautionary measures for your own safety as well the safety of

co-workers. Always remember you are working at higher voltage levels.

2. Do not enter the laboratory except when accompanied by concerned teachers/Instructors.

3. Do not attempt to operate any equipment without permission of the concerned

teachers/instructors. Please avoid any necessary casualties because it may lead to a

serious mal operation and hazards

4. Always maintain sufficient distances from live objects to avoid electrical shock due to

induction.

5. Before taking entry in the laboratory, always double checked that all the apparatus and

equipment are disconnected from the supply and properly grounded.

6. Use the ground rod to earth all apparatus before putting hands on them.