FACULTY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

UniversitiTeknologi MARA (UiTM) Terengganu

KampusBukitBesi,
Bukit Besi, Dungun, TERENGGANU

TECHNICAL/EXECUTIVE REPORT : CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Lab No. : 1 Subject : SEPARATION PROCESS

Topic : LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION Mark : 100

Date :
Participant Course : EH110 Semester : 4 Group: EH110 4C
*Please cancel No. Name Matrix No. Signature
which is not 1 MUHAMMAD FAID SYAHMI B ZULKIFLEE 2014696228
necessary. 2 MOHD AIRIE FAZUWA MOHD RAFI 2015865928
NIK FADHULLAH SYAFIQ AIMAN BIN
3 2014817408
FAUZI
4 NURUL NAJIHAH BT FADZIN 2015861238
5 NUR SYIIRIIN BT SAHRI 2015861368
Instructor 1

Objective :
1. To operate a liquid-liquid extraction experiment using a rotating disc column.
2. To determine the height equivalent theoretical plates (HETP) for the column.
3. To investigate the effect of the solvent to feed flow rate ratios and rotating disc speed on the
HETP

Abstract :
The objective of this experiment is to understand the process of liquid liquid extraction, the solubility,
the diffusion and the mass transfer through one liquid to another in a packed column. In this experiment,
the refractive index for water rich and toluene rich phase is calibrated. The refractive index for the
extract and raffinate was also determine by using titration method. Futhermore, the HETP is described
by using experimental understanding. The graph of refractive index versus acetone for toluene rich phase
and water rich phase is plotted in results. Besides, calibration for water and toluene phase as well as the
refractive index for extract and raffinate composition is calculated.
Introduction:
The SOLTEQ® Liquid-Liquid Extraction Unit (Model: BP 07) has been designed to demonstrate the
basic principles of liquid-liquid extraction process. The normal mode of operation is that the light phase
liquids are pumped countercurrently into the rotating disc extraction column. The heavy phase will enter
the top of the column and flow downwards while the light phase will enter the bottom of the column and
flow upwards due to density differences. Countercurrent flow will come in contact with each other in the
rotating disc column section and this will cause the transfer of solute component from one phase
(raffinate) to the other (extract). The raffinate will emerge at the bottom while the extract will emerge at
the top of the extraction column. This liquid-liquid extraction process is carried out among the rotating
disc to give a higher degree of separation. Sample points are provided at key positions around the unit to
allow collection of both light and heavy phase liquids. In this way, effects of solvent and feed flow rates
on the extraction efficiency can be evaluated by means of sample analysis.

Data/Results Appendix A
Rotating
/Calculation: Feed flow Solvent
Solvent to Disc
Run no rate flow rate Time (min)
feed ratio Speed(RP
(L/min) (L/min)
M)
0
1 0.24 0.24 1:1 0 2
4
6

0
2 250
0.24 0.24 1:1 2
4
6

Raffinate Extract
Solute Solute HETP Separation
Refractive Refractive
compositio compositio (mm) efficiency
index index
n (wt%) n (wt%)
1.3361 1.3421
1.3364 1.3416
666.67
1.3349 1.3463
1.3345 1.3401

1.3416 1.4528
1.3320 1.4542
666.67
1.3309 1.4568
1.3319 1.4046
Appendix D

Toluene Rich Phase Table 2

Amount in Water
Composition (wt%) Refractiv
mixture(mL) added
e index
Acetone Toluene (mL) Acetone Water Toluene
160 40 35.3 0.64 0.18 0.18 1.3752
140 60 17.8 0.61 0.10 0.29 1.3927
120 80 16.9 0.40 0.32 0.28 1.4058
100 100 15.5 0.44 0.09 0.47 1.4222
80 120 12.0 0.35 0.07 0.58 1.4372
60 140 10.5 0.26 0.06 0.68 1.4512

Amount in Water
Mass (g)
mixture(mL) added
Acetone Water (mL) Acetone Water Toluene
160 40 35.3 126.56 35.3 34.64
140 60 17.8 110.74 17.8 51.96
120 80 16.9 94.92 80 69.28
100 100 15.5 79.1 15.5 86.6
80 120 12.0 63.28 12.0 103.92
60 140 10.5 47.46 10.5 121.24

Water Rich Table 3

Amount in Toluene
Composition (wt%) Refractiv
mixture(mL) added
e index
Acetone Water (mL) Acetone Water Toluene
160 40 35.3 0.64 0.21 0.15 1.3567
140 60 18.5 0.59 0.31 0.10 1.3582
120 80 15.0 0.50 0.43 0.07 1.3586
100 100 11.6 0.42 0.53 0.05 1.3569
80 120 9.6 0.33 0.63 0.04 1.3504
60 140 7.5 0.24 0.72 0.03 1.3446

Amount in Toluene
Mass (g)
mixture(mL) added
Acetone Water (mL) Acetone Water Toluene
160 40 35.3 126.6 40 30.1
140 60 18.5 110.7 60 16.0
120 80 15.0 94.9 80 13.0
100 100 11.6 79.1 100 10.5
80 120 9.6 63.3 120 8.3
60 140 7.5 47.5 140 6.5
Calculation (table 1)

Run 1

= 2000 mm ÷ 3 = 666.67 mm

Run 2

= 2000 mm ÷ 3. = 666.67 mm

Run 1,

=
0.24 𝑥
= 0.24 𝑥 0.5

Run 2,

=
0.24 𝑥
= 0.24 𝑥 0.5
For table 2&3
Density of acetone : 0.791 g/mL
Density of toluene : 0.866 g/mL
Density of water : 1.000 g/mL

MASS FRACTION, XA = Mass of A / Total Mass

Mass of A = amount of mixture (mL) x density of mixture (g/mL)

Mass of Acetone
160 mL x 0.791 g/mL
= 126.56 g

Mass of Toluene
40 mL x 0.866 g/mL
= 34.64 g

Mass of Water
35.3 mL x 1.0g/mL
= 35.3 g

Total Mass
126.56 g + 34.64 g + 35.3 g
= 196.5 g

Mass Fraction of Acetone

126.56 g / (196.5 g)
= 0.64

Mass Fraction of Water

35.3 g / (196.5 g)
= 0.18

Mass Fraction of Toluene

34.64 g / (196.5 g)
= 0.18

*For other values, the calculations are similar as above

 Appendix B :

The required theoretical extraction stage from liquid-liquid extraction experiment

results.

Calculations:

1) Finding E, ((R and F to plot the triangular lines.

E = average composition of acetone in extract column

= 0.64 + 0.61 + 0.4 + 0.44 + 0.35 + 0.26

6
= 2.7 / 6

= 0.45

R = average composition of acetone and water in raffinate column

= (0.64 + 0.21) + (0.59 + 0.31) + (0.50 + 0.43) + (0.42 + 0.53) + (0.33 + 0.63)
+ (0.24 + 0.72)

6
= 5.55 / 6

= 0.925

F = 0.24 L min X 1 min X 1000ml 1L

(0.24 + 0.24) L min X 1 min X 1000mL 1 L

= 0.5

Discussion:
Conclusion:

References:
Instructor Initial Date Stamp
Approval Technician

Allocated Marks for Technical/Executive report

Criteria Full Marks

Abstract 10
Objective 10
Data/Results/Calculation 20
Discussion 30
Conclusion 10
References 10
Overall structure/organization and Quality 10
TOTAL 100

Comments: