EÏÏËÓÈο ¢È·‚ËÙÔÏÔÁÈο XÚÔÓÈο 22, 2: 153 -155, 2009
πÓÛÔ˘Ï›ÓË Î·È ¡ÂÊÚfi˜
∞. ªËÙÚ¿ÎÔ˘
∂›ÎÔ˘ÚÔ˜ ∫·ıËÁ‹ÙÚÈ·
¶·ıÔÏÔÁ›·˜ – ªÂÙ·‚ÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡,
π·ÙÚÈ΋ ™¯ÔÏ‹ ∂∫¶∞
∂› Ì·ÎÚfiÓ, ÙÔ ‹·Ú ıˆÚÂ›Ù·È ˆ˜ Ë Î‡ÚÈ· ·Ó fi¯È Ë ÌÔÓ·‰È-
΋ ËÁ‹ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ̤ۈ ÁÏ˘ÎÔÓÂÔÁ¤ÓÂÛ˘ Â› ÓËÛÙ›·˜ ÛÙÔÓ ·Ó-
ıÚÒÈÓÔ ÔÚÁ·ÓÈÛÌfi. O ÚfiÏÔ˜ ÙˆÓ ÓÂÊÚÒÓ ÛÙÔ ÌÂÙ·‚ÔÏÈÛÌfi Ù˘
ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ÈÛÙ‡ÂÙÔ fiÙÈ Â›Ó·È ÂÏ¿¯ÈÛÙÔ˜. ΔÔ ‹·Ú Î·È Ô ÓÂÊÚfi˜
fï˜ Â›Ó·È Ù· ÌfiÓ· fiÚÁ·Ó· Ô˘ ı· ÌÔÚÔ‡Û·Ó Ó· ·Ú¿ÁÔ˘Ó ÁÏ˘-
Îfi˙Ë Ì¤Ûˆ ÁÏ˘ÎÔÓÂÔÁ¤ÓÂÛ˘ ‰ÈfiÙÈ Â›Ó·È Ù· ÌfiÓ· fiÚÁ·Ó· Ô˘ ‰È·-
ı¤ÙÔ˘Ó ÙÔ ¤Ó˙˘ÌÔ ÁÏ˘ÎÔ˙Ô-6-ʈÛÊ·Ù¿ÛË. ™Â ·Ï·ÈfiÙÂÚ˜ ÌÂϤÙ˜
ÔÈ Cahill Î·È Û˘ÓÂÚÁ¿Ù˜ ÙÔ˘ ¤‰Â›Í·Ó fiÙÈ Ë Î·ı·Ú‹ ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹ ÁÏ˘-
Îfi˙˘ ·fi ÙÔ˘˜ ÓÂÊÚÔ‡˜ (fiˆ˜ ÌÂÙÚ‹ıËΠ̠·ÚÙËÚÈÔÊÏ‚҉ÂȘ
‰È·ÊÔÚ¤˜ Ù˘ Û˘ÁΤÓÙÚˆÛ˘ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘) ‹Ù·Ó ·ÌÂÏËÙ¤· Û ηٿ-
ÛÙ·ÛË 12ˆÚÔ˘ ÓËÛÙ›·˜, ·ÏÏ¿ ·˘Í·ÓfiÙ·Ó Ô˘ÛÈ·ÛÙÈο ÛÙËÓ ·Ú·-
ÙÂٷ̤ÓË ÓËÛÙ›·, Û˘ÓÂÈÛʤÚÔÓÙ·˜ ÂÚ›Ô˘ ÙÔ ÌÈÛfi Ù˘ ËÌÂÚ‹ÛÈ·˜
·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹˜ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ÌÂÙ¿ ·fi 7-10 Ë̤Ú˜ ÓËÛÙ›·˜ ÛÙÔÓ ¿Ó-
ıÚˆÔ. ¶ÈÔ ÚfiÛÊ·Ù˜ ˆÛÙfiÛÔ, ÌÂϤÙ˜ ÙfiÛÔ Û Û·ÏÔ˘˜ fiÛÔ Î·È
·ÓıÚÒÔ˘˜ ÂȂ‚·›ˆÛ·Ó ÌÂÓ fiÙÈ Ë Î·ı·Ú‹ ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘
Â›Ó·È ÂÏ¿¯ÈÛÙË, ·ÏÏ¿ fiÙÈ ÔÈ ÓÂÊÚÔ› Â›Ó·È ÈηÓÔ› ÁÈ· Ù·˘Ùfi¯ÚÔÓË
·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹ Î·È Î·Ù·Ó¿ÏˆÛË Ù˘ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘. ΔÔ ÔÛfi Ù˘ ·Ú·Áˆ-
̤Ó˘ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ·fi ÙÔÓ ÓÂÊÚfi ÈÛÔ‡Ù·È Ì ÙÔ ÔÛfi Ù˘ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘
Ô˘ ηٷӷϛÛÎÂÙ·È ·fi ÙÔÓ ÓÂÊÚfi. ™˘ÓÔÏÈο Ô ÓÂÊÚfi˜ Û˘ÓÂÈ-
ÛʤÚÂÈ 15-25% ÛÙËÓ ÂÓ‰ÔÁÂÓ‹ ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹ Ù˘ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘. ∏ ·Ú·-
ÁˆÁ‹ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ·fi ÙÔÓ ÓÂÊÚfi ÛÂ Û˘Óı‹Î˜ ÓËÛÙ›·˜ ·ÓÙ·Ó·ÎÏ¿
ÓÂÊÚÈ΋ ÁÏ˘ÎÔÓÂÔÁ¤ÓÂÛË, ΢ڛˆ˜ ·fi Á·Ï·ÎÙÈÎfi Ô͇, ÁÏ˘ÎÂÚfiÏË
Î·È Ù· ΢ÎÏÔÊÔÚÔ‡ÓÙ· ·ÌÈÓÔͤ·. ∞ÚÎÂÙ¿ ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ÚÈÓ, ÔÈ Krebs
Î·È Û˘Ó Â›¯·Ó ÂÈÛËÌ¿ÓÂÈ fiÙÈ ÙÔ ‚ÈÔ¯ËÌÈÎfi ÂÚÁ·ÛÙ‹ÚÈÔ ·Ú·Áˆ-
Á‹˜ ‚Ú›ÛÎÂÙ·È Ì¤Û· ÛÙ· ·ÙÙ·Ú· ÙÔ˘ ÂÁÁ‡˜ ÂÛÂÈڷ̤ÓÔ˘ ÛˆÏË-
Ó·Ú›Ô˘. O ÓÂÊÚfi˜ Û˘ÌÂÚÈʤÚÂÙ·È Û·Ó ‰‡Ô ͯˆÚÈÛÙ¿ fiÚÁ·Ó· ˆ˜
ÚÔ˜ ÙÔÓ ÌÂÙ·‚ÔÏÈÛÌfi Ù˘ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘: ÛÙ· ·ÙÙ·Ú· Ù˘ ÊÏÔÈÒ‰Ô˘˜
ÌÔ›Ú·˜ Á›ÓÂÙ·È Ë ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘, ‰ÈfiÙÈ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ¤Ó˙˘Ì· ··-
Ú·›ÙËÙ· ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÁÏ˘ÎÔÓÂÔÁ¤ÓÂÛË, ÂÓÒ ÛÙ· ·ÙÙ·Ú· Ù˘ Ì˘ÂÏÒ‰Ô˘˜
ÌÔ›Ú·˜ Á›ÓÂÙ·È Ë ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔ›ËÛË Ù˘ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘. Δ· ·ÙÙ·Ú· Ù˘
Ì˘ÂÏÒ‰Ô˘˜ ÌÔ›Ú·˜ Â›Ó·È ÂÓÂÚÁ¿ ÛÙËÓ ÚfiÛÏË„Ë Î·È ÔÍ›‰ˆÛË Ù˘
ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘, ˆ˜ Î·È ÙËÓ ·Ôı‹Î¢ÛË Ù˘ ÁχÎfi˙˘ ˘fi ÌÔÚÊ‹ ÁÏ˘-
ÎÔÁfiÓÔ˘, ÙÔ ÔÔ›Ô Ô̈˜ ·‰˘Ó·ÙÔ‡Ó Ó· ‰È·Û¿ÛÔ˘Ó Û ÁÏ˘Îfi˙Ë.
OÈ Ì˯·ÓÈÛÌÔ› Ô˘ Ú˘ıÌ›˙Ô˘Ó ÙË ÓÂÊÚÈ΋ ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹ Î·È ¯Ú‹ÛÈÌÔ-
Ô›ËÛË Ù˘ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ‰ÂÓ ‹Û·Ó ̤¯ÚÈ ÚÔÛÊ¿Ùˆ˜ ÁÓˆÛÙÔ›. OÈ Â-
ÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ˜ in vitro ÌÂϤÙ˜ Ì·˜ ¤¯Ô˘Ó Ô‰ËÁ‹ÛÂÈ Ó· ÈÛÙ‡ԢÌ fiÙÈ
Ë ÓÂÊÚÈ΋ ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È ÔÚÌÔÓÔ¢·›ÛıËÙË Î·È
ÂÍ·ÚÙ¿Ù·È ·fi ÙËÓ ‰È·ıÂÛÈÌfiÙËÙ· ÙÔ˘ ˘ÔÛÙÚÒÌ·ÙÔ˜. ™Â ·ÓÙ›ıÂ-
ÛË, ÚfiÛÊ·Ù˜ ÌÂϤÙ˜ Û Û·ÏÔ˘˜ ·ԉ›ͷÓ fiÙÈ ˘„ËϤ˜ ÙÈ̤˜
153
 EÏÏËÓÈο ¢È·‚ËÙÔÏÔÁÈο XÚÔÓÈο 22, 2
ÈÓÛÔ˘Ï›Ó˘ ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ù·˘Ùfi¯ÚÔÓ· Ó· ÌÂÈÒÛÔ˘Ó ÙËÓ
·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ Î·È Ó· ‰ÈÂÁ›ÚÔ˘Ó ÙËÓ ¯ÚËÛÈ-
ÌÔÔ›ËÛË ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ·Ô ÙÔÓ ÓÂÊÚfi. ∏ ˘ÔÁÏ˘Î·È-
Ì›· ·fi ÈÓÛÔ˘Ï›ÓË ¤¯ÂÈ ˆ˜ ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ· ‰ÈÏ¿ÛÈ·
·‡ÍËÛË ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹˜ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ·fi ÙÔ˘˜ ÓÂÊÚÔ‡˜
Ô˘ ‰È·ÙËÚÂ›Ù·È ‰ÈÏ¿ÛÈ· ¤ÛÙˆ ÎÈ ¿Ó ÔÌ·ÏÔÔ›Ë-
ıÔ‡Ó Ù· Â›‰· Ù˘ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ÙÔ˘ Ï¿ÛÌ·ÙÔ˜. ∞˘-
Ù‹ Ë ·Ú·Ù‹ÚËÛË Û˘ÓËÁÔÚ› ÁÈ· ÙÔ fiÙÈ Ë ·Ú·Áˆ-
Á‹ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ·fi ÙÔ˘˜ ÓÂÊÚÔ‡˜ ηٷÛÙ¤ÏÏÂÙ·È,
fiˆ˜ Î·È Ë ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ·fi ÙÔ ‹·Ú ·fi
ÙËÓ ÈÓÛÔ˘Ï›ÓË Î·È ‰ÈÂÁ›ÚÂÙ·È ·fi ÙȘ ·ÓÙÈÚÚ˘ıÌÈ-
ÛÙÈΤ˜ Ù˘ ˘ÔÁÏ˘Î·ÈÌ›·˜ ÔÚÌfiÓ˜, ΢ڛˆ˜ ÙȘ η-
Ù¯ÔϷ̛Ә. ∂Á¯˘ÛË ÂÈÓÂÊÚ›Ó˘ ÂÓ‰ÔÊÏ‚›ˆ˜
¤¯ÂÈ ˆ˜ ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ· ·‡ÍËÛË Ù˘ ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹˜ ÁÏ˘-
Îfi˙˘ ·fi ÙÔ˘˜ ÓÂÊÚÔ‡˜. O Ú˘ıÌÈÛÙÈÎfi˜ ÚfiÏÔ˜ Ù˘
ÈÓÛÔ˘Ï›Ó˘ ÛÙÔÓ ÓÂÊÚÈÎfi ÌÂÙ·‚ÔÏÈÛÌfi Ù˘ ÁÏ˘Îfi-
˙˘,·Ô‰ÂÈÎÓ‡ÂÙ·È Î·È ·fi ÌÂϤÙ˜ Ì ¢ÁÏ˘Î·ÈÌÈ-
΋ ηı‹ÏˆÛË ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ˘fi Û˘Óı‹Î˜ ˘ÂÚÈÓÛÔ˘-
ÏÈÓ·ÈÌ›·˜ ÛÂ Ê˘ÛÈÔÏÔÁÈο ¿ÙÔÌ· ÌÂÙ¿ 12ˆÚË ÓË-
ÛÙ›· ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈÒÓÙ·˜ ÙËÓ Ù¯ÓÈ΋ Ù˘ ·ÚÙËÚÈÔ-
ÊÏÂ‚Ò‰Ô˘˜ ‰È·ÊÔÚ¿˜ OÈ ÌÂϤÙ˜ ·˘Ù¤˜ ÂȂ‚·ÈÒ-
ÓÔ˘Ó ÚÔËÁÔ‡ÌÂÓ· Â˘Ú‹Ì·Ù· Û Û·ÏÔ˘˜ Î·È ·Ó-
ıÚÒÔ˘˜, ·Ô‰ÂÈÎÓ‡ÔÓÙ·˜ fiÙÈ Ë ÓÂÊÚÈ΋ ·Ú·Áˆ-
Á‹ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ÚÔÛÂÁÁ›˙ÂÈ ÙËÓ ¯Ú‹ÛÈÌÔÔ›ËÛË ÁÏ˘-
Îfi˙˘ ·Ô ÙÔ˘˜ ÓÂÊÚÔ‡˜ Û˘ÓÂÈÛʤÚÔÓÙ·˜ ÙÔ 10%-
25% Ù˘ ÂÓ‰ÔÁÂÓÔ‡˜ ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹˜ Ù˘ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ÌÂ-
Ù¿ ·fi 12ˆÚË ÓËÛÙ›·. ∂Á¯˘ÛË ÈÓÛÔ˘Ï›Ó˘ Û ¯·-
ÌËϤ˜ Î·È ˘„ËϤ˜ ‰fiÛÂȘ Ì›ˆÛ·Ó ÙËÓ ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹
ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ηٿ 30%-40% Î·È Î·Ù¤ÛÙÂÈÏ·Ó ÙË ÓÂ-
ÊÚÈ΋ ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ηٿ 40%-50% ·ÓÙ›-
ÛÙÔȯ·, ÂÓÒ Ë ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔ›ËÛË Ù˘ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ·fi
ÙÔ˘˜ ÓÂÊÚÔ‡˜ ‰ÈÏ·ÛÈ¿ÛıËΠۯ‰fiÓ ÌÂÙ¿ ·fi ο-
ı ‰fiÛË ÈÓÛÔ˘Ï›Ó˘. ™Â ·ÓÙȉȷÛÙÔÏ‹, ηٿ ÙËÓ ¤Á-
¯˘ÛË ·Ï·ÙÔ‡¯Ô˘ ‰È·Ï‡Ì·ÙÔ˜ Ô‡ÙÂ Ë ÂÓ‰ÔÁÂÓ‹˜ ·-
Ú·ÁˆÁ‹, Ô‡ÙÂ Ë ÓÂÊÚÈ΋ ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ·ÏÏ¿
Ô‡ÙÂ Î·È Ë ÓÂÊÚÈ΋ ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔ›ËÛË Ù˘ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘
·ÏÏ¿˙Ô˘Ó ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈο. ∂Á¯˘ÛË ÁÏ˘Î·ÁfiÓ˘ ‰ÂÓ ¤¯ÂÈ
ηÌÌ›· Â›‰Ú·ÛË ÛÙËÓ ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ·fi
ÙÔÓ ÓÂÊÚfi ‰Â‰Ô̤ÓÔ˘ fiÙÈ Ë ÁÏ˘Î·ÁfiÓË ‰ÈÂÁ›ÚÂÈ
΢ڛˆ˜ ÙËÓ ‰È¿Û·ÛË ÙÔ˘ ÁÏ˘ÎÔÁfiÓÔ˘. ∂Á¯˘ÛË Î·-
Ù¯ÔÏ·ÌÈÓÒÓ (ÂÈÓÂÊÚ›Ó˘) ‰ÈÂÁ›ÚÂÈ ÙËÓ ·Ù·Áˆ-
Á‹ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ·Ô ÙÔÓ ÓÂÊÚfi ‰ÈfiÙÈ ‰Ú¿ ̤ۈ ÁÏ˘ÎÔ-
ÓÂÔÁ¤ÓÂÛ˘.
∞Ô ÙȘ ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Û˜ ÌÂϤÙ˜ Ê·›ÓÂÙ·È fiÙÈ Ô
ÓÂÊÚfi˜ ·Ú¿ÁÂÈ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙Ë Î·È Ë ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹ ·˘Ù‹ ›-
Ó·È ÔÚÌÔÓÔ¢·›ÛıËÙË, Ë ‰Â ÈÓÛÔ˘ÏÈÓË Â¯ÂÈ ÙËÓ È‰È·
Â›‰Ú·ÛË Ô˘ ¤¯ÂÈ Î·È ÛÙËÓ Ë·ÙÈ΋ ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹. ∏
ÓÂÊÚÈ΋ ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘ ·›˙ÂÈ ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈÎfi Úfi-
ÏÔ ÛÙËÓ ˘ÂÚÁÏ˘Î·ÈÌ›· ÙÔ˘ ۷ί·ÚÒ‰Ë ‰È·‚‹ÙË
Ù‡Ô˘ 1 Î·È Ù‡Ô˘ 2. ™ËÌ·ÓÙÈ΋ Â›Ó·È Ë Û˘Ì‚ÔÏ‹
ÙÔ˘ ÓÂÊÚÔ‡ ÛÙËÓ ·ÔηٿÛÙ·ÛË Â˘ÁÏ˘Î·ÈÌ›·˜ ÌÂ-
154
Ù· ·Ô ˘ÔÁÏ˘Î·ÈÌ›· ÏfiÁˆ Ù˘ ¢·ÈÛıËÛ›·˜ ÙÔ˘
ÛÙȘ ηÙ¯ÔϷ̛Ә fiÔ˘ ‰Ú· Û˘ÌÏËڈ̷ÙÈο
ÛÙËÓ Ë·ÙÈ΋ ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹ ÁÏ˘Îfi˙˘
μÈ‚ÏÈÔÁÚ·Ê›·
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