KSEF CHECKLIST

TABLE OF CONTENTS

KSEF Project report ........................................................................................................................2

Guidelines on project report writing ................................................................................................3

APA system citation .......................................................................................................................7

Categories…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….12

2018 KSEF presentation / judging procedures ..............................................................................13

Role of the teacher in KSEF .........................................................................................................14

Technical cocepts in KSEF ............................................................................................................16

Marking scheme 2018....................................................................................................................18

Marking scheme interpretation / guide ..........................................................................................21

MAJOR HIGHLIGHTS
1. Data file / research file will replace the research book (exercise book).
2. Data analyzed in chapter 4 should ONLY be generated from a definite procedure in chapter 3
3. Projects MUST have an exhibit/ prototype/ innovation
4. Objectives must tally with methodology

Compiled by:
1. National Executive committee

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 KSEF PROJECT WRITE UP
CHAPTER ITEM/TOPIC DETAILS
/ PAGES
I COVER PAGE Should include:
 Forum and Edition
 Category
 Title
 Presenters
 School, District, Region
 Venue
II DECLARATION This shows that the student owns the project. Should be signed by the
student and write admission number and class, the supervisor/ patron, the
school principal and signed.
III PLAGIARISM
IV ABSTRACT Summary of the project and include;
 Purpose of the project / Experiment
 Methods used (Summary of procedures)
 Observations / Data / Results
 Conclusions
V ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
VI TABLE OF CONTENTS
VII TABLE OF DIAGRAMS
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Should be in continuous prose and include:
 Background information
 Statement of the problem / originality
 Objectives / hypothesis
 Relevance / Significance
 Limitations
 Assumptions / Precautions
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW Should include:
 Past work presented on the same
 Relevant research done and gaps still existing
 Scientific concepts / principles employed
 Importance / Usefulness of the research
CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY Includes:
 Apparatus (should be quoted quantitatively and qualitatively)
 Procedure ( Should be complete and step-wise)
 Observations (obtained from a procedure)
 Data( collected from several procedures/experiments
CHAPTER 4 DATA ANALYSIS AND  Data presentation include the use of bar graphs, pie charts etc
INTERPRETATION  Data analysis and interpretation should be in relation to objectives
CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSSION AND Acknowledge limitations but recommend further research where
RECOMMENDATION applicable
REFERENCES References quoted using APA system
1. Books
2. Journals and newspapers
3. Internet
APPENDIX Other relevant information that is not necessarily used for explanations

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 KENYA SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING FAIR
GUIDELINES ON WRITING A PROJECT REPORT
PAGE 1: COVER PAGE
The cover page should contain the following:
(a) EDITION AND FORUM
E.g. The 54TH Kenya National Secondary Students’ Science and Engineering Fair
(b) CATEGORY
E.g. Physics
(c) TITLE
E.g. Solar Iron Box
(d) PRESENTERS
E.g. 1. Aaditya Dahiya
2. Azan Dhanji
(f) SCHOOL
E.g. Amani Academy
(g) COUNTY or DISTRICT
E.g. Nyanza/Kisumu
(h) VENUE
E.g. Pamoja Boys’ High School
(i) YEAR
E.g. 2018
PAGE (ii): DECLARATION
This should be made by the students, patron and the principal and should take the format
below:
(a) STUDENTS’ DECLARATION
‘This project is our original work and has not been presented in previous science and
engineering fairs.
Signature………………………………………………..Date…………………………………
Name……………………………………………………………………………………………...
(b) SCIENCE PATRON’S DECLARATION
I have checked this document and confirmed that it is good for presentation. The work was
done under my supervision.
Patron:……………………………………………..
Principal:…………………………………………..
Date:……………………………………………….’

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PAGE (iii): PLAGIARISM

KSEF PLAGIARISM DECLARATION FORM

CATEGORY __________________________ TITTLE ___________________________

REGION/COUNTY/ SUB-COUNTY/ZONE________________________________________

KSEF places specific emphasis on integrity and ethical behaviour with regard to the
preparation of all written work to be submitted for Science fairs as per its rules and
regulations.
Although science personnel will provide you with information regarding reference
techniques as well as ways to avoid plagiarism, you also have a responsibility to fulfill in
this regard. You are guilty of plagiarism when you extract information from a book, article
or web page without acknowledging the source and pretend that it is your own work. In
truth, you are stealing someone else’s property. This doesn’t only apply to cases where you
quote verbatim, but also when you present someone else’s work in a somewhat amended
format (paraphrase), or even when you use someone else’s deliberation without the
necessary acknowledgement. You are not allowed to use another student’s previous work.
You are furthermore not allowed to let anyone copy or use your work with the intention of
presenting it as his/her own.
Students who are guilty of plagiarism will be disqualified. In addition, the matter will
be referred to SRC for a decision to be made.

Declaration
1. I understand what plagiarism entails and am aware of the KSEF’s policy in this regard.
2. I declare that this project is my own, original work. Where someone else’s work
was used (whether from a printed source, the internet or any other source) due
acknowledgement was given and reference was made according to KSEF
requirements.
3. I did not make use of another student’s previous work and submitted it as my own.
4. I did not allow and will not allow anyone to copy my work with the intention of
presenting it as his or her own work.

1. Name__________________ Signature _______________ Date__________

2. Name __________________ Signature ________________ Date__________

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PAGE (iv): ABSTRACT

It is a brief paragraph or two, done in about 250 words. An abstract is a useful summary that
provides justification or reason for the research. It allows the reader to decide whether the
project write-up is worth reading or not.
The abstract should include the following items:
i) Purpose of the project
ii) Method used in data collection
iii) Observation/Data/Results
iv) Conclusion
PAGE (v): ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Acknowledgement is the appreciation extended by the researcher to individuals, institutions,
organizations or any other party that offered any assistance in the process of the research. It
should include the mentioning of the actual assistance offered.
PAGE (vi): TABLE OF CONTENT
Includes a list of heading items and pages where they are found.
PAGE (vii): LIST OF TABLES
It is a list describing the tables in the report if there are any.
CHAPTER 1: BACKGROUND INFORMATION ( A different page)
This is a brief overview of the problem the researcher aspires to tackle. The role of
background information includes:
●Clarification of what has brought about the need for the research or project.
●Pointing out the challenges faced in the research issue.
●Indication of the opportunities for improvement.
Background information should include the following items:
1. Introduction
2. Statement of the problem/originality
3. Objectives/Hypotheses
4. Justification and significance.
5. Limitations- merits and demerits
6. Assumptions/Precautions
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW ( A different page).
Literature review means the work the researcher consulted in order to understand and
investigate the research problem. It is also an account of what has been published on the
topic by accredited scholars and researchers, highlighting scientific concepts and principles
behind the area under study.
NB: This review should not be more than two pages.

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 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY( A different page).
Includes:
●Apparatus used
● Procedure/Setup
 Variables
●Observation
●Data
CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION( A different page).
●Data Presentation- in form of charts, tables, charts, pie charts, line graphs, bar graphs etc.
●Data Analysis - in reference to the objectives. (Achievement of the objectives)
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION( A different page).
●Mention the success of the research.
●Recommendation for further research
●Reference (use APA system) – check the sample references attached

2. PROJECT DATA FILE / RESEARCH FILE (not an exercise book).

Project data file should contain the following:

 Research plans /everything dated and signed by the supervisor.
 Rough work
 Original data sheets
 Plans
 Diagrams
 Photos
 Questionnaires
 Previous models
 Newspaper cuttings
 E-mails etc.
Showing what was done and when, where and how observations, circumstances, results
were arrived at, etc.

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 APA SYSTEM CITATION
a) CITING A BOOK IN PRINT

APA format structure:

Author, A. (Year of Publication). Title of work. Publisher City, State: Publisher.
Notes: When citing a book in APA, keep in mind:
 Capitalize the first letter of the first word of the title and any subtitles, as well as the first letter of
any proper nouns.
 The full title of the book, including any subtitles, should be stated and italicized.
APA format example:
Sayre, Rebecca K., Devercelli, A.E., Neuman, M.J., &Wodon, Q. (2015). Investment in early childhood
development: Review of the world bank’s recent experience. DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0403-8
Notes: When citing an online book or e-book in APA, keep in mind:
 A DOI (digital object identifier) is an assigned number that helps link content to its location on the
Internet. It is therefore important, if one is provided, to use it when creating a citation. All DOI
numbers begin with a 10 and are separated by a slash.
For more information on how to cite in APA, check out Cornell.

b) CITING A MAGAZINE ARTICLE IN PRINT

APA format structure:

Author, A. (Year, month of Publication).Article title. Magazine Title, Volume(Issue), pp.-pp.
APA format example:
Tumulty, K. (2006, April). Should they stay or should they go? Time, 167(15), 3-40.
Notes: When citing a magazine in APA, keep in mind:
 You can find the volume number with the other publication information of the magazine.
 You can typically find page numbers at the bottom corners of a magazine article.
 If you cannot locate an issue number, simply don’t include it in the citation.

c) CITING A MAGAZINE ARTICLE FOUND ONLINE

APA format structure:
Author, A.A.. (Year, Month of Publication). Article title. Magazine Title,Volume(Issue), Retrieved
from http://xxxx
APA format example:
Tumulty, K. (2006, April). Should they stay or should they go? Time, 167(15) Retrieved from
http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1179361,00.html
Notes: When creating an online magazine citation, keep in mind:
 The volume and issue number aren’t always on the same page as the article. Check out the other
parts of the website before leaving it out of the citation.
For more information on how to cite in APA, check out Cornell
iting a newspaper article in print
APA format structure:
Author, A. (Year, Month Date of Publication).Article title. Newspaper Title, pp. xx-xx.
APA format example:
Rosenberg, G. (1997, March 31). Electronic discovery proves an effective legal weapon.The New York
Times, p. D5.
Notes: When creating you newspaper citation, keep in mind:
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  Precede page numbers for newspaper articles with p. (for a single page) or pp. (for multiple
pages).
 If an article appears on discontinuous pages, give all page numbers, and separate the numbers with
a comma (e.g., pp. B1, B3, B5-B7).

d) CITING A NEWSPAPER ARTICLE FOUND ONLINE

APA format structure:

Author, A. (Year, Month Date of Publication).Article title. Newspaper Title, Retrieved from
newspaper homepage URL
APA format example:
Rosenberg, G. (1997, March 31). Electronic discovery proves an effective legal weapon.The New York
Times, Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com
Notes: When citing a newspaper in APA, keep in mind:
 APA does NOT require you to include the date of access for electronic sources. If you discovered
a newspaper article via an online database, that information is NOT required for the citation either.
 Multiple lines: If the URL runs onto a second line, only break URL before punctuation (except for
http://).
For more information on how to cite in APA, check out Bowling Green

e) CITING A GENERAL WEBSITE ARTICLE WITH AN AUTHOR

APA format structure:

Author, A. (Year, Month Date of Publication).Article title. Retrieved from URL
APA format example:
Simmons, B. (2015, January 9). The tale of two Flaccos. Retrieved from http://grantland.com/the-
triangle/the-tale-of-two-flaccos/
Citing a general website article without an author
APA format structure:
Article title. (Year, Month Date of Publication). Retrieved from URL
APA format example:
Teen posed as doctor at West Palm Beach hospital: police. (2015, January 16). Retrieved from
http://www.nbcmiami.com/news/local/Teen-Posed-as-Doctor-at-West-Palm-Beach-Hospital-Police-
288810831.html
For more information on how to cite in APA, check out the APA style guide and Corne

f) CIITING A JOURNAL ARTICLE IN PRINT

APA format structure:

Author, A. (Publication Year).Article title. Periodical Title, Volume(Issue), pp.-pp.
APA format example:

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Nevin, A. (1990). The changing of teacher education special education. Teacher Education and Special
Education: The Journal of the Teacher Education Division of the Council for Exceptional Children, 13(3-
4), 147-148.
Citing a journal article found online
APA format structure:
Author, A. (Publication Year).Article title. Periodical Title, Volume(Issue), pp.-pp.
DOI:XX.XXXXX or Retrieved from journal URL
APA format example:
Jameson, J. (2013). E-Leadership in higher education: The fifth “age” of educational technology
research. British Journal of Educational Technology, 44(6), 889-915. DOI: 10.1111/bjet.12103
Notes: When creating your online journal article citation, keep in mind:
 APA does NOT require you to include the date of access/retrieval date or database information for
electronic sources.
 You can use the URL of the journal homepage if there is no DOI assigned and the reference was
retrieved online.
 Example: Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1467-
8535;jsessionid=956132F3DE76EEB120577E99EE74CE9C.f04t01
 A DOI (digital object identifier) is an assigned number that helps link content to its location on the
Internet. It is therefore important, if one is provided, to use it when creating a citation. All DOI
numbers begin with a 10 and are separated by a slash.
For more information on how to cite in APA, check out Cornell.

g) CITING AN INTERVIEW

How to Reference an Interview in APA

Use the following template to cite an interview using the APA citation format. We also provide style
guides for the MLA, Chicago, and Turabian styles. To have your bibliography or works cited list
automatically made for you, check out our free APA citation maker.
Once you’re finished with your citations, we can also help you with creating an APA title page.
Important Note on Personal Interviews:
 A personal interview should NOT be included in a reference list in APA. They are not considered
recoverable data (they cannot be found by a researcher). You should reference personal interviews
as in-text citations instead.
 Example: (J. Doe, personal communication, December 12, 2004)

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That being said, there is a general structure if you want to cite a personal interview as part of your APA
works cited list:
Author, A. (Year, Month Date).Interview type.
APA format example:
Marino, B. (2014, October 18). Personal Interview.
For more information on how to cite in APA, check out the APA Style Guide.

h) CITING AN ENCYCLOPEDIA ENTRY IN PRINT

APA format structure:

Author, A. (Publication Year).Entry title.In Encyclopedia title, (Vol. XX, pp. XX). City, State of
publication: Publisher.
APA format example:
Kammen, C., & Wilson, A.H. (2012).Monuments.In Encyclopedia of local history. (pp. 363-364).
Lanham, MD: AltaMira Press.
For more information on how to cite in APA, check out Cornell.
or more information on how to cite in APA, check out Cornell and Trinity.
ow to Reference a Photograph in APA
Use the following template to cite a photograph using the APA citation format. This style guide should
work for both digital and analog photographs. We also provide style guides for the MLA, Chicago,
and Turabian styles. To have your bibliography or works cited list automatically made for you, check out
our free APA citation generator.
Once you’re finished with your citations, we can also help you with creating an APA title page.
For instructions on how to site a motion picture, please see our APA Film section.

i) CITING A PHOTOGRAPH

APA format structure:

Photographer, A..(Photographer). (Year, Month Date of Publication). Title of
photograph [photograph]. City, State of publication: Publisher/museum.
APA format example:
Roege, W.J. (Photographer). (1938). St. Patrick’s cathedral, fifth avenue from 50th street to 51st
street [photograph]. New York, NY: New-York Historical Society.
Citing a photograph retrieved online
APA format structure:

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Photographer, A. (Photographer). (Year, Month Date of Publication). Title of photograph [digital
image]. Retrieved from URL
APA format example:
Ferraro, A. (Photographer). (2014, April 28). Liberty enlightening the world [digital image]. Retrieved
from https://www.flickr.com/photos/afer92/14278571753/in/set-72157644617030616
For more information on how to cite in APA, check out Landmark College and the APA Style Blog.

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 CATEGORIES
S/No Category Details
1 Mathematical Science Algebra, Analysis, Applied mathematics, Geometry, Probability and Statistics, Other

2 Physics Astronomy, Atoms, Molecules, Solids, Instrumentation and Electronics, Magnetics and
Electromagnetism, Particle physics, optics, Lasers, Theoretical physics

3 Computer Science Algorithms, Data Bases, Artificial intelligence, Networking and communications, computational
science, Graphics, Computer systems, OS, Programming, Software engineering

4 Chemistry Analytical chemistry, General chemistry, Inorganic chemistry,

Organic chemistry & Physical chemistry

5 Biology and Cellular Biology, Molecular genetics, Immunology, Antibiotics, Antimicrobials, Bacteriology,
Biotechnology Virology, Medicine and health sciences, Photosynthesis

6 Energy and Aerospace and, Alternative fuels, Fossil fuel energy,

transportation Renewable energies, Space, Air &Marine, solar, ways of using less energy conservation and
renewable.

7 Environmental science Bioremediation, Ecosystems management, Environmental engineering, Land resource

and management management, Recycling, Waste management, Pollution, blue economy, soil conservation and
landscaping.

8 Agriculture Agriculture / Agronomy Development, plant science, plant systematic, plant evolution, Animal
Sciences (Animal Husbandry), ecology

9 Food technology, Development of food products, Design of processes, Food engineering,

textiles & Home Food microbiology, Food packing, Food preservation, Food safety, diet, textile design, interior

Economics design and decorations.

10 Engineering Design, building, use of engines, machines and structures, apparatus, manufacturing
processes, Aeronautical Engineering, Vehicle development, New products development,

11 Technology and Appropriate technology, innovations in science, industry,

applied technology knowledge economy & research development.

12 Behavioural Science Psychology, Animal conservation, behavioural change, response to disaster and stress
management

13 Robotics Creating machines, conception engineering, design, manufacture and operation of robots

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PRESENTATION / JUDGING PROCEDURES

1. JUDGING AND ORAL PRESENTATION

The two sessions are supposed to be judged independently by the three judges.
The latest ratified judging process will be as follows:
Session one (Part A) The judges will judges individually with no discussions at all
Session two (Part B&C) The judges will judges together and no discussions at all

Judges should be trained early and given copies of abstracts/and or write ups.
For session two (part B and C) the presenters will be given an opportunity to introduce their
project
The presentation will be as follows:
(A) Presenters introduction and summary ( maximum of 5 minutes)
(i) Basics- Students state their names, title of the project, category, level and even edition.
(ii) Statement of the problem and objectives
(iii) Workability - Apparatus
-Procedure
- Variables
-Data and Conclusion
(B) Oral interaction / interview (guided by judges for a maximum of 5minutes).
2. TALLING OF RESULTS
This should be done by a secretariat headed by the chief judge. The tallying of results should be
done using spread sheets (IT). Disparities among judges should be checked in future and at all
levels.
3. SRC’s
It was agreed that SRC will be formed at all levels and the roles will include:
 Judging process and eligibility
 Precautions
 Patentable projects
 Review and review all projects
 Handle complaints which are raised by writing
4. RESEARCH BOOK /DATA FILE/ RESEARCH FILE
 Research book to be raw draft which can be handwritten, photos, cuttings, photographs,
letters of requisitions reflecting the actual process of developing of the project.
 The main features will include date, title of activity, results/ progress, signature of supervisor
and venue
5. FONTS
 Write up- font 12, double space, times roman and no distractions
 Display board – minimum font 16, Colour and animation allowed

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 ROLE OF THE TEACHER IN KSEF
1.0 Preparations
1.1 The role of the teacher in preparation
Teachers are involved enormously in KSEF activities and plays critical roles in sensitizing the students,
initiating science fairs, supervising project development, documentation and rehearsals. Therefore the
success of science projects requires investment of resources and time.
1.2 Project initiation (starting)
 The work of choosing a topic for investigation and or research is challenging to learners in
general and students preparing for the science fair.
 The teacher guides and helps the students to select an appropriate topic and frames it in
researchable statement.
 Teachers also help students with preliminary information for background and literature review
1.3 Actual activities at this stage.
 teachers to distribute information about the science fairs to students and to display notices
about Zonal, Sub-County, County, Regional and Nationals
 The teacher gives the school program on interclass competition, fixtures on meeting to monitor
data collection and exhibit develop, organizing rehearsals etc
 The teacher initiates school science fairs by giving them basic information then generating the
program
 The teacher motivates learners to participate in science fair
 The teacher coordinator ( patron) motivates other teachers to participate & support the students
 The science fair coordinator (Patron) markets it a school activity.
 Students are exposed to relevant sources of information that include: Newspapers
, Internet, Previous projects, Government flagship documents like vision 2030, SDGS etc
 Assist students in project placement & identifies the best presenters
1.3 Way forward
1. Expose the students (whole school)
2. Give them a period of one week then conduct interclass competition (a must)
3. Assist learners in project placement
4. Identify the best combination of presenters & filling in of research books
2.0 Project development
2.1 Activities at this stage:
 Students must submit their research plan to their teacher before starting a project, for approval.
Ethics needs to be considered at this point.
 Choose a topic or question
 Gather information about the topic. What do you need to know to answer the question?
 Formulate hypothesis and /or objectives.
 Filling the research book.

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  Developing the design of the exhibit/ project.
 The teacher assists students to carry out experiments. During experimentation the teacher
provides students with requisite support and important safety guides for successful execution of
the investigation.
 Collect, analyze data and drawing conclusions
2.2 Way forward
1. Filling in of research books
2. Data collection thro’
a) Consultation
b) Experimentation
c) Data analysis
d) Rehearsals – compulsory 2 before final documents are generated.
3.0 Recordings
 Write a report.
 Results of the investigation have to recorded and analyzed.
 The teacher guides the students through the stages of a scientific method
4.0 PRESENTATIONS AND REHEARSALS
 The teacher leads students through:
 Confirming correct placement,
 Interclass /inter-house competitions (a must for schools that want to improve participation and
quality).
 Rehearsals (a minimum of three before the competitions).
 Actual presentation (students should be assisted in mounting the display boards and setting up
the exhibits).
5.0 Summary of stages in project development
Stage 1. Students must submit their research plan to their teacher, before starting a project, for
approval. Ethics needs to be considered at this point.
Stage 2. Choose a topic or question and objectives
Stage 3. Gather information about the topic. What do you need to know to answer the question?
Stage 4. What do you think the answer will be? Form your hypothesis
Stage 5. Do experimentation on your topic
Stage 6. Draw conclusions based on the results of the testing.

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 TECHNICAL CONCEPTS IN KSEF

MODERN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH PROCESS

a) MAJOR CONCEPTS
 Abstract ( Strictly 250 words i.e. about ¼ of a page
The abstract should be written in block continuous prose. The purpose/objective should be clearly
written first as a sentence, followed by methodology which is a summary of the procedure in chapter
three. Then a summary of the major findings in a sentence or two (summary of analysis and discussion
of data). The last sentence is a summary of conclusion
 Variables
The effect of change of the variables is what is expected rather than just listing the variables e.g.
increase in concentration of the reactants increases the rate of forward reaction hence the yield. The
dependent and independent
 Limitations & weaknesses
Presenters must appreciate the challenges the faced and even report what was not resolved
 Data, Data analysis & discussion
Data analyzed in KSEF should be the one that can be generated experimentally through a definite
procedure. Data analysis is a sentence or two showing the relationship between independent and
dependent variables. Discussion is a general trend or pattern from various data and analysis
 Originality & creativity ( MS Part C 11-13)
Originality is what invoked the interest especially in the introduction (Chapter one)
However, in relation to the innovation, originality refers to the approach or design. If its new, then it’s
very original but if modified the extend of modification is a measure or originality creativity on the other
hand is a measure of how the choice and use of materials has been done
b) CRITICAL CHAPTER (Chapter two of the write up- Literature review)
Research on the area of focus (literature review) should inform the student on:
 Research that has been done before
 the existing gaps (what has not been done) and give a clear strategy on the approach to fill
the gap(s)
 Scientific concepts and principles applied.

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c) MAJOR DOCUMENTS
 The data file (not an exercise book).
This is the first evidence that research was actually done and should include work plans, consultations,
experiments, photos of actual experimentation. The activities should span a period of time.
 Write up/ project report
A quality write up should reflect the following:
 Clear statement of problem and objectives in chapter one written in measurable terms
 Clear identification of gaps ( significance) in chapter two
 The methodology is very systematic and workable
 Apparatus and requirements (reagents) are quoted quantitatively and
qualitatively
 Procedure should be complete, logical and workable
 Observations made should be based on a procedure
 Data generated is from several experiments or examples
 Display Boards
Dimensions of the display boards 2018 was agreed to be side flabs 40cm, middle flab 80cm and a
height of 1m.
Display board should include variables, analysis of results, discussion of results and
acknowledgement.
 Order display boards
The following are the details of the display board:
1ST Flab
 Abstract
 statement of the problem
 objectives
 background information
2nd Flab
 title
 methodology
o apparatus
o procedure
o variables
 data/ results
 analysis of results
 discussion of results
3rd flab
 conclusion – should access attainment of objectives
 recommendation – quality recommendation should provide an opportunity for
further research
 acknowledgement

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 MARKING SCHEME
THE KENYA SCIENCE AND ENGINERING FAIR (KSEF)-SCORE SHEET (SESSION ONE)
Name of learner(s):1…………………………………………
Judge’s Name & Signature
2………………………………………….

Title of project ……………………………… Reg. No …………

Part A ……………/ 30
Category ………………………………….........................

School………………………………………… Region ……………

PART A: WRITTEN COMMUNICATION (WRITE UP AND POSTERS)

(Level of performance: 0=Not done, not present, 0.5=Poor, very weak, 1.0=Satisfactory, 1.5=Good, 2.0=Extensive, well done)

NO Criteria ( more extensive in report than on the poster / charts) Maximum Score
Score
1 Write up neatly and logically organized 2
W rite with clearly labeled sections eg. Abstract, and plagiarism pledge etc
2 Evidence of background research in write up (max 1mk) 2
Background information and knowledge, summarized in write up with articles in appendix
Introduction in write up (max 1mk)
Including focus question / problem statement and supporting evidence
3 Written language in write up and on poster 2
Legible, correct fonts, scientific, suitable headings, no spelling mistakes
4 Aim / hypothesis/ objectives of project reflected in write up and on poster 2
5 Methods (and materials) used or technologies used in write up and on poster 2
Presented in logical order , correct expression, more extensive in report than on poster
6 Variables identified in write up and on poster 2
Dependent and independent variable
7 Results in write up and on posters 2
Full observations, presented in a tabular form and in graphs in write up. Summary in graph or diagram
form on poster. The results should be scientifically and mathematically suitable and correct.
8 Analysis of results in write up and on poster 2
Report/findings/graphs explained in words, more extensive in write up than on poster
9 Discussion of results in write up and on poster 2
Pattern and trends are noted and explained, anomalies/unusual results are discussed , limitations noted
and clarified
10 Future possibilities of research in write up / recommendations 2
Future extensions and possibilities are identified
11 Conclusions are reflected in write up and on posters 2
They are valid, based on findings and linked to objectives.
12 Reference in write up 2
Reference of books, magazines and internet addresses given in the correct format
13 Acknowledgements in write up and on poster 2
It is important to find out depth of audit assistance received and how this assistance has been used
14 Display board – summaries project and is neatly organized 2
This must include correct size of the board and logical flow of presentation
15 Project data file 2
Research plan/Rough work/original data sheets/plans/diagrams/photos/questionnaire/previous
models/emails/etc. Showing what was done and when, where and how observations, circumstances ,results ets

30
TOTAL
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 THE KENYA SCIENCE AND ENGINERING FAIR (KSEF)-SCORE SHEET (SESSION TWO)

Part B ………. / 15 Part C ………. / 35

Judge’s Name Signature

Name of learner(s):1…………………………………………

2………………………………………….

Title of project ………………………………………………. Reg. No ………………………………….

Category ……………………………………..................................................................................................

School…………………………………………………………... Region …………………………………

PART B: ORAL COMMUNICATION (INTERACTION)

(Level of performance for No’s 1-5: 0=Not done, 0.5=Good, 1.0=Excellent)

(Level of performance for No’s 6-10: 0=Not done, not present, 0.5=Poor, very weak, 1.0=Satisfactory, 1.5=Good, 2.0=Extensive, well done)

S/NO Criteria Maximum Score

Score
1 Capture of interest 1
The learners presentation is exciting and stimulating
2 Enthusiasm / effort 1
A worthwhile effort was made to explain, lots of enthusiasm
3 Voice / tone 1
Totally audible, varying intonation
4 Self-confidence 1
Ease of presentation
5 Scientific Language 1
Use of appropriate language and vocabulary
6 Response to questions 2
Carefully listens to questions, responds clearly and intelligently
7 Presentation of project 2
Can present the project in a logical, well organized way
(without reciting/ reading directly)
8 Limitations / weaknesses and gaps 2
The learner is fully aware of limitations and can explain reasons for gaps
9 Possible suggestions or expanding project / recommendation 2
The learner is fully aware of possibilities for expanding the project
10 Authenticity 2
The learner takes complete ownership of the project and integrates assistance received in
their answers to questions. Can demonstrate all of the methods / techniques used. It is
important to find out the amount of assistance received and how this assistance has been
used ask questions
15
TOTAL

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PART C: SCIENTIFIC THOUGHT, METHOD AND CREATIVITY.

(Level of performance for No’s 1, 2, 5, 7, 8, 9(I & ii), 10, 12 and 13: 0=Not done, 0.5=Poor, 1.0
=Satisfactory, 1.5 = Good and 2.0 = Extensive, well done)
(Level of performance for 3,4,6,9 (iii) and 11: 0=Not done/copycats, 1.0=satisfactory, 2.0 =Good,
3.0 = Excellent).

S/NO Criteria Maximum Score Score

1 Statement of the problem: Clear statement of the problem and 2
objectives
2 Introduction / Background information: Relationship between the 2
project and other research done in the same area
3 Application of scientific concepts to every day life 3
4 Subject mastery: Demonstration of deeply and accurate knowledge of 3
scientific and engineering principles involved
5 Literature review: Project shows understanding of existing 2
knowledge. (citations).
6 Data: Adequate data obtained to verify conclusions. 3
7 Variables: Variables/ parameters were clearly defined and 2
recognized , controls used
8 Statement of originality: What inspired the person to come up 2
with the project
9 Logical Sequence: Experimental design demonstrates understanding of scientific *************
methods of research
 Apparatus / requirements 2
 Procedure / Method 2
 Correct illustrations 3
10 Linkage to emerging issues: Linking of the innovation with emerging 2
issues or adds value to existing body of knowledge
11 Originality: Is the problem original or does the approach to the 3
problem show originality, Does the construction
or design of equipment / project show originality
12 Creativity: Have materials / equipment been used in an ingenious 2
way, To what extent does the project / exhibit represent
the student’s own effort/skill
13 Skill: Was the workmanship of the display skillful? 2
Workmanship is neat, well done. Project requires
minimum maintenance

TOTALS 35 …………….

FEEDBACK FOR THE PRESENTERS

Strengths………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Recommendations……………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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KSEF MARKING SCHEME INTERPRETATION AND SCORING GUIDE
PART A WRITTEN COMMUNICATION

Document to use 1.write –up

2. Posters on the display boards

3. Date File

1. Write – Up
 0 Mark –if not available or not properly declared in page (ii) and Page (iii)
 1 Mark-For proper declaration and plagiarism in page (ii) and page (iii)
 1 Mark if sections are Well labelled right from the cover page all the way upto chapter
(v)
2. Evidence of background Research
 Look at data file –shows data collected from various experiments.
 Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 of the write up
 Middle flap of the display under results. Give 0
mks if the results or data is not generated from procedure/non scientific.
 Score 0.5 or 1 or 1.5 or 2 marks depending on how extensive it is.
3. Written language in write-up and on posters
 2 marks are split, 1 mark for same aspect in the write-up and 1 mark for the same on
posters
 Check on correct use of scientific principles within the subject area to enhance the project
output.
 Check correct headings in the write-up and on display board.
 Check for spelling mistakes/ unbalanced equations/ misplaced concepts
 Penalise accordingly depending on the degree of errors upto maximum of 1 mark for the
same aspect in the write-up and display board.( 0 or 0.5 or 1 or 1.5 or 2)
4. Objectives – split 1 mark in the write up and 1 mark for posters
give 0 mks if objectives are not SMART. 1 Mark for SMART objectives on posters and 1 Mark
for SMART objectives in chapter 1 of the write –up for a total of 2 marks.( 0 or 1 or 2)
5. Methods and materials used in the write -up and on posters
 Materials – the list of materials must be complete and expressed quantitatively and
qualitatively.
 Methods must be complete, logical/systematic and workable.
 Penalize fully for any omission
 1 mark for same aspect in the write-up (chapter 3) and 1 mark on posters (middle flap)
under apparatus/requirement and procedure.( 0 or 1 or2)
6. Variables identified in the write-up and on posters.
 0 Marks for merely listing variables

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  1 Mark for correct demonstration of effect of change of variables in the write up ( chapter
3 and chapter 4) and 1 mark for doing the same on posters (middle flap – after procedure.)
(0 or 1 or 2)

7. Results in the write-up and on posters

 If part A – 5 (methods) scores 0 mark, then anything on the results or data scores 0 mark
i.e part A- 7,8,9 and Part C 6 and 9)
 1 mark for diagramatic /graphical presentation of data in chapter 4 of the write-up and 1
mark for the same on the posters (middle flap)(0 or 1 or 2)
8. Analysis of results in the write-up and on posters 0
mark - if data being analysed is not scientific or if part A 5 and 7 have scored 0 mks.
 1 mark for statement correctly explaining the graphs in chapter 4 of write-up and 1 mark
for correct statement on the relationship between variables in the graph on posters (middle
flap).( 0 or 1 or 2)
9. Discussion of results in the write-up and on posters
 1 mark for correct explanation of trend noted or limitations noted or anomalies
encountered in chapter 4. Of theWrite-up and 1 mark for the same aspect in middle flap of
display board (results on posters.)( 0 or 1 or 2)
10. Future possibilities research in the write-up and on poster
 0 mark recommendation for adaption
 1 mark – for correct suggestions made to overcome limitation or improve performance of the
project- check chapter 5 of the write – up and 1 mark for the same aspect in the last flap of the
posters (conclusion)( 0 or 1 or 2)
11. Conclusions as reflected in write-up and on posters.
 0 mark not referring to objections and data to chapter 4
 1 mark for conclusion using data in chapter 4 to demonstrate the extent to which objectives
in chapter 1 of the write-up have been achieve and 1 mark for same quality of conclusion
on the last flap of display board.( 0 or 1 or 2)
12. References
 0 mark – if there are no citations in chapter 1 and chapter 2 of the write-up during
introduction and literature review.
 2 mark for APA referencing
 Penalise fully in case of an error in any of the reference (0 mark) ( 0 or 2)
13. Acknowledgement in write-up and on posters.
 0 mark – If there is no acknowledgement or it is not specific. ( ignore acknowledgment of
judges)
 1 mark - for correct acknowledgement in page (v) of the write –up and 1 mk for the
same correctly done in the last flap of the display board ( 0 or 1 or 2)
14. Display board.
 0 mark - for display with Misplaced poster (s) i.e All posters must be placed in
prescribed places from left to right of the display board
 1 mark for being attractive or neat of artistic value ( 0 or 1 or 2)

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 15. Data file
 0 mark -If data is not collected according to the work plan or research plan or if not signed
or information given by individuals is not counter signed or if not handwritten or rough
work or if data is not generated from procedure.
Depending on the extent of research (how detailed and whether each objective has data to
validate it) ( 0 or 0.5 or 1 or 1.5 or 2)

PART B - ORAL INTERACTION/INTERVIEW

 Written documents are still there.

 Write – up
 Data files
 Display board
 Exhibit/project itself and the presenters
 Part B – looks at communication skills and is to score against one presentation.
 Normally very subjective

1. Capture of interest.
 From introduction of the project title, how striking is it? Are judges anxious of knowing more
about the project or how are communication skills being manipulated to sustain audience?
 Score accordingly (0 or 0.5 or 1) depending on extent
2. Enthusiasm /Effort
 Pace of presentation- moderate pace, keen on moving with the audience.
 Maintaining eye contact with audience
 Drawing attention of audience to the display and project to make them understand
 Score accordingly (0 or 0.5 or 1).
3. Voice/tone
 Flat tone/same tone from start up to the end shows the presenter has no areas of emphasis
(0 or 1)
 Variation of the tone maintains audience and shows areas/points of emphasis in the
presentation -climaxes /tone variation is critical in communication
 Observe and score accordingly (0 or 0.5 or 1).
4. Self Confidence
 Check on mannerism e.g. Avoiding eye contact completely shows lack of confidence –
some presenters literally close their eyes to avoid detractors.
 Use of words like - you know or I think or just parroting etc.
 Check and score according (0 or 0.5 or 1)
5. Scientific Language

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  Check on vocabulary level within the subject area of presentation – i.e use of one word to
mean many correctly within the context.
 Check out and score accordingly (0 or 1)
6. Response to questions
 Testing on patience to listen and courtesy to respond. A person who keeps quiet until a
question is posed has good listening skill hence qualifies for 1 mark
 One who is courteous to respond intelligently for example ‘I don’t know’ gets l mk for
responding and loses marks in part C where the judge was seeking clarification to score.(0
or 1 or 2)
7. Presentation of project
 Logical flow of ideas right from introduction to conclusion
 Presentation can be poor or fair or good (0 or 1 or 2).
8. Limitations/weakness and gaps
 Give 2 marks for presenters who verbally outline the correct limitations of the project ( 0
or 2)
9. Possible suggestions/recommendation.
 Give 2 marks for presenters who verbally make correct recommendations for
improvement of their projects (0 or 2)
10. Authenticity
 Give 2 marks for the presenters who verbally acknowledges specific contributions of
individuals towards their project (0 or 2 )

PART C - OVERALL ASSESMENT

 The major question in this section is:

It was written (write-up, data file, display board) and it was talked about during oral
interaction, in your opinion as a judge was it done correctly or not?

1. Statement of the problem and objectives

 1 mark for statement of problem done correctly
 1 mark for objectives done correctly and score either (0 or 1 or 2)
2. Introduction/background information
 Did it bring out the relationship between the project and other research already done and
identified gaps or not? (Chapter 1 of the write-up)(0 or 2)
3. Application of scientific concepts to everyday life
 Which scientific principles are being applied in the project / exhibit / prototype? How are
they manipulated to enhance the results? It is awarded as follows: 1 mark for a
model/project not working, 2 marks for partially working and 3 marks for a project
working fully.
4. Subject Mastery
 Inaccurate information gives 0 mark.
 Accurate and shallow information give 1 mark
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  Satisfactory and accurate information give 2 marks
 Deep and accurate give 3 marks
5. Literature Review
 Four aspects each ½ mark, one must get the first ½ to get other halves.

i. Existing knowledge related to the project and gaps ½ mark

ii. New innovation being introduced to bridge the gap ½ mark
iii. Scientific principles being used in the new approach or innovation ½ marks
iv. Important or usefulness of the new innovation 1/2 mark
 Give 0 marks if no appreciation of previous knowledge related to the project.( 0 or 0.5 or 1
or 1.5 or 2)

6. Data
 No data / irrelevant data – award 0 mark
 Shallow data collected from a procedure – award 1 mark
 Sufficient data – award 2 marks
 Adequate- sufficient data for each objective 3 marks
7. Variables
 Correct manipulation and explanation of the effect of change of variables on the project output 2
mks
 Give 0 mark for mere listing of variables or wrong illustration of the effect of change of variables.(
0 or 2)
8. statement of originality
 What inspired him or her or them to come up with a project? Personal encounter/ the issue of
grandmothers etc just give the 2 marks and penalize at 11 if the idea is not original.
9. Logical sequence/ experimental design
 Apparatus-complete list with correct specifications (2 mks)
-complete list without proper specifications (1 mk)
-incomplete list (0 mk)
 Procedure-when apparatus/ requirements score 0 mks, then procedure also scores 0 mks, because
without all the requirements the procedure cannot be executed.
Procedure MUST be complete (all steps) for 1 mark and, logical or systematic and
workable (1mark)
 Correct illustrations- 0mks for no exhibit, 1mark for an exhibit not working, 2 mark for an
exhibit partially working and 3 for an exhibit fully

10. linkage to emerging issues

 Check the statement of the problem and literature review, will give the issue(s) being addressed by
the project( 0 or 2)
11. originality
 Copycats – award 0mark
 Little imagination- 1mark

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  Modified – 2 marks
 New/ novel – 3 marks
12. creativity
 Check for the level of improvisation in the project, the manipulative skills exhibited in the project,
level of precision etc.( 0 or 0.5 or 1.0 or 1.5 or 2)
13. skill- workmanship of the display
 Look at the final product, the quality of the FINISH. How refined is it?
 Check whether it is easy to maintain or not(0 or 1 or 2)

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