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Lesson 11_et332b.pptx
Lesson 11_et332b.pptx
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
After this presentation you will be able to:
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Lesson 11_et332b.pptx
A I1 I2 C
+ +
EAB 0 degree
shift
- -
B D
N1 N2
EAB ECD
Phasor Diagram
0 degrees
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Lesson 11_et332b.pptx
A + - I2 C
+
EAB 180 degree
+ shift
-
B + D
EAB ECD
Phasor Diagram
180 degrees
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Lesson 11_et332b.pptx
H1 + + X1
0 phase shift
H2 - X2
-
Lesson 11_et332b.pptx
H1 + - X2
H2 - X1
+ +
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Voltage ratings high side and low side values (no-load values)
Lesson 11_et332b.pptx
240/120
Two part winding that can be
240x120 connected in series for 240 V and
parallel for 120 V
240-120
A 240 V and separate
Three Phase Example 120 V winding
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Power ratings
AO rating - natural convection air and
oil.
FA rating - natural convection of oil and
forced air
FOA rating - forced air and oil circulation
Lesson 11_et332b.pptx
Forced oil by
Dry Type Insulated transformers (no oil) Typical circulating
at voltages of 15 kV and below pumps
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I V
V I
Step up Step down
transformer transformer
Generator
Lesson 11_et332b.pptx
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primary
secondary
Phase
diagram
Lesson 11_et332b.pptx
WYE-WYE CONNECTION
C
Three phase, four-wire , grounded wye primary
A
B Advantages:
C A
N
Two voltage levels available
B Graded High voltage insulation
H2 H2
Easy balancing between 1-f
H1 H2 H1 H1
Disadvantages:
X3 X2 X1 X3 X2 X1 X3 X2 X1
a
208
a
Single phase short circuit
208
b
208
120
120
n
120/208 b
sequence (3rd Harmonics
passed)
Three 7200 - 240/120 V transformers
Primary VAn = VBn = VCn = 7200 V H1 - H2 VLL = 12470 V Total Bank power:
Secondary Van = Van = Vcn = 120 V X1 - X2 VLL = 208 V
S1 + S2 +S3 = ST
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Disadvantages
Full insulation required on H.V.
Windings.
X3 X2 X1 X3 X2 X1 X3 X2 X1
240
b
240
120
c 208
b
n
120/208/240 Unbalanced connection when
serving 1-f and 3-f loads together
3 Transformers 7200 - 240/120 V
primary VA = VB = VC = 7200 V VLL = 7200 V Bank power
Secondary Vab = Vbc = Vca = 240 V VLL = 240 V S1 + S2 +S3 = ST
Lesson 11_et332b.pptx
Smaller size
indicates lower
power rating
Secondary
connections
Three-Phase Bank
Unequal Transformer Power Ratings
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X3 X2 X1 X3 X2 X1 X3 X2 X1 Disadvantages:
a Full insulation required on H.V.
winding of transformers
n
a
208
208
b
208
120
120
c
Bank Power
120
c
n
120/208
S1 + S2 +S3 = ST
3 Transformers 7200-240/120 V
Primary VLL = Vp = 7200 V
Secondary Van =Vbn = Vcn = 120 V Vab = 208 V
30o phase shift Van to VAn lag is standard
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Lesson 11_et332b.pptx
Bank Power
S1 S2
ST
X3 X2 X1 X3 X2 X1
b 3
a
If S1 = S2
240 240
240
b n
120
120
c
2S1
ST
a c
n
120/208/240
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INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS
High power measurement requires highly accurate transformers to reduce
the levels or voltage and current to a safe range.
Meter coil ratings
Voltage coils for voltmeters, power meters and watthour meters
Lesson 11_et332b.pptx
Bushing Standard
type CT type CT
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Schematic
symbols should
indicate polarity
mark Can exceed
Vin ratings by
Typical potential transformer ratios approximately
±10%
39,837-115 Vac
6900- 115 Vac
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Phase Shift
Typically less than 1 degree of phase shift or less through
transformer
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2-6 kV
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