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MEDICALTERMINOLOGY
➢ used to precisely describe the human body including its components, processes, conditions affecting it, and
procedures performed upon it. Medical terminology is used in the field of medicine.
ROOT WORD/WORD ROOT
– a central part of a word; main part of the word
COMPONENT MEANING EXAMPLE
BLAST- Germ, immature Blastoma- a cancer made of immature cells
cell
CARCIN- Cancer Carcinogenic- a cause of cancer
CARDIO- Heart Cardiovascular- heart and blood vessels
CYTO- Cell Cytoplasm- part of a cell where organelles are found
DERMA- Skin Dermatitis- inflammation of the skin
ESTHESI- sensation Anaesthesia- a state of temporary induced loss of sensation or awareness
Prefix- “before’. placed at the beginning of a word to modify or change its meaning.
COMPONENT MEANING EXAMPLE
AN-, A- Without/lack of Anemia- decrease/shortage of red blood cells
AB- Away from Abnormal- away from the normal
AD- Near/ toward Adrenal gland- gland near the kidney
BI- Two/both Bicuspids-are transitional teeth located between the canine and molar teeth
BLASTO Growth Blastoma- type of cancer; more common in children
BRACHY Short Brachycophaly, brachydactyly
BRADY Long Bradycardia- has very low heart rate
DIPLO Double
DYS- Difficult/painful Dysmenorrhea- is pain during menstruation
ECTO- Outside Ectoderm- one of the three primary germ layers in the very early embryo
Endometriosis- a disorder in which the tissue that forms the lining of your uterus
ENDO- Inside
grows outside of your uterine cavity
EDEM Swelling
ERYTH red
EU Normal
HAPLO Single, simple
HYPER- Excessive/above Hyperkalemia- high amount of potassium in the blood
HYPO- Beneath/below Hypothalamus- part of the brain controlling the body temp
Suffix- The ending part of the word that modifies the meaning of the word.
COMPONENT MEANING EXAMPLE
-AEMIA/ -EMIA Pertaining to Leukemia- cancer of blood cells
-ALGIA Pain Myalgia- pain in a muscle or group of muscles.
-ARY pertaining to Urinary system - organs responsible for eliminating urine
-ASTHENIA Without strength Thrombasthemia- abnormality/weakening of platelets
-CELE hernia, pouching Pseudocele- a hollow space of an organ
-ECTOMY Excision/removal Appendectomy- removal of the appendix
MEDICAL TERMS
➢ a medical dictionary terminologies which covers healthcare words, diseases, procedures, medical jargons and
abbreviations
NUMBERS
Prefix MEANING EXAMPLE
Mono-, uni- One Unilateral
Bi- Two Bilateral
Tri- Three Triplicate
PLURAL FORMS
➢ Forming proper plurals of medical words is one of the more challenging aspects of medical transcription. The
problem is exacerbated by the fact that even dictating physicians frequently have difficulty with plurals.
2. Sometimes the proper plural of a word ending in “us” will be formed by dropping the “us” and adding “era” or “ora.”
➢ For example: “viscus” becomes “viscera”; “corpus” becomes “corpora.”
3. Some words ending in “ix “or “ax” have more than one acceptable plural form.
➢ For example, the plural of “appendix” can be either “appendices” or “appendixes,” although the most
common plural form would utilize the “ices” ending.
4. The proper plural for certain words ending in “ion” can be formed simply by adding an “s.”
➢ For example, “chorion” becomes “chorions.”
ABBREVIATIONS
➢ A shortened form of a written word or phrase used in place of the whole word or phrase.
ABBREVIATION MEANING
aurus(ear) dexteror sinister (right or
a, ad, as
left)
Ā before (i.e. ac, before meals)
c or ċ With
capsule
cap
d/c or dc
ABBREVIATION MEANING
d/c or dc discontinue
dtd give of such doses
gtt drops
h hour
GENERAL TERMS
✓ AA – amino acid
✓ ABG – arterial blood gas
✓ ADM – admission, admitted
✓ ASAP – as soon as possible
✓ ALS – advanced life support
✓ AMA – against medical advice, American Medical Association
✓ ASAP – as soon as possible
✓ A&W – alive and well
✓ C – centigrade, Celsius
✓ C/O – complains of
✓ CC – cubic centimeter, chief complaint, critical care, complications, carbon copy
✓ CO2 – carbon dioxide
✓ D/C – discontinue or discharge
✓ DNR – do not resuscitate
✓ DO – disorder
✓ DOA – dead on arrival or date of admission
✓ DOB – date of birth
✓ DOT – directly observed therapy
✓ DSM – Diagnostic and Statistical Manual on Mental Disorders
✓ EDC – estimated date of confinement
✓ EDD – estimated delivery date
✓ EGA – estimated gestational age
✓ ER – emergency room
✓ F – Fahrenheit
✓ FNF – finger to nose
✓ H&P – history and physical examination
✓ HPI – history of present illness
✓ H/O – history of
✓ HR – heart rate or hour
✓ HS – hour of sleep (bedtime)
✓ ICU – intensive care unit
✓ ID – infectious diseases
✓ IP – inpatient
✓ IQ – intelligence quotient
✓ IU – international units
✓ MCO – managed care organization
✓ MG – milligram
✓ MVA – motor vehicle accident
✓ ML – milliliter
✓ NKDA – no known drug allergies
✓ NTG – nitroglycerin
✓ O2 – oxygen
✓ OPD – outpatient department
✓ P – pulse
✓ Post-op – postoperative (after surgery)
✓ Pre-op – preoperative (before surgery)
✓ PA or PT – patient
✓ PCP – primary care physician
✓ RBC – red blood cell
✓ RF – risk factor
✓ S – without
✓ SX – symptoms
✓ S/S – signs and symptoms
✓ STAT – statim - immediate
✓ T – temperature
✓ TPR – temperature, pulse, respiration
✓ USOH – usual state of health
✓ VS – vital signs
✓ VSS – vital signs stable
✓ WB – whole blood
✓ WBC – white blood cell
✓ WNL – within normal limits
✓ CPR – Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
✓ Dx – diagnosis
✓ ECG – Electrocardiogram
✓ ER – Emergency Room
✓ ICU – Intensive Care Unit
✓ NICU – Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
✓ PICU – Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
✓ CCU – Critical Care Unit
✓ NB – new born
✓ NPO – non per orem; nothing by mouth
✓ QNS – quantity not sufficient
✓ R/O – rule out
✓ Rx – prescription
✓ Px – patient
✓ xPx – specimen
✓ Tx – treatment
✓ WD – wound (e.g. gunshot WD – gunshot wound)
✓ CHED – Commission on Higher Education
✓ AIDS – Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
✓ HIV – Human Immunodeficiency Virus
✓ AIDs – Auto Immune Disease/Disorder
✓ HACT – HIV AIDS Coretime
✓ FBS – Fasting Blood Sugar
✓ CBC – complete blood count
✓ PC – platelet count (in hematology); platelet concentration (in blood blank)
✓ PRBC – pack red blood cells
✓ FPG – Fasting Plasma Glucose (in clinical microscopy)
✓ BUA – blood uric acid (in clinical microscopy)
✓ BUN – blood urea nitrogen (in clinical chemistry)
✓ OGTT- Oral Glucose Tolerance Test