The Simple Present Tense

Statement : He works

Question : Do / Does : Does he work?

Short answer : Yes he does

Question with where, when, and what time

Adverb of frequency : always, usually, often

A. KALIMAT VERBAL

I / You / They / We + infinitife

He/She/It/ +infinitife + -s/-es

1. Kalimat Berita (Affirmative)

Keterangan :

pada bentuk simple present tense kata kerja selain be , mempunyai dua buah
bentuk yaitu bentuk sederhana dan bentuk ditambah –s. Bentuk yang ditambah
–s digunakan untuk kalimat yang terdiri dari orang ketiga tunggal (he, she, it,
Mary, John, etc.)

example:

a. I eat breakfast every morning.

b. John speaks english everyday.
c. We sleep every night.
d. She gets up late everyday.

Catatan: “ the simple present tense menyatakan suatu kebiasaan”

Ketentuan infinitife-nya harus ditambah –s/-es

a. Kata kerja berakhiran –x,-s, -ch, -sh, -o maka endapat tambahan –es jika
subjeknya orang ketiga tunggal.
 Example:
 I pass the exam * She passes the exam
 We go to school * Rini goes to school
b. Kata kerja berakhiran –y didahului huruf mati, maka –y diganti –i ,
kemudian ditambah –es
Example:
 I study english * He studies english
 They carry the bag *Susi carries the bag
c. Kata kerja berakhiran –y didahului huruf hidup, maka langsung
ditambah –s
Example:
 You buy a book *She buys a book
 We pray to God * Susan prays the God
d. Selain ketentuan di atas biasanya langsung ditambah –s
Example:
 I read a book * Roni reads a book
 They help me *Rino helps me
2. Kalimat tanya (interogative)

Pola menggunakan be :
 Statement : The flower is red
Question : Is the flower red?
Short answer : Yes, it is.

Pola baru :
 Statement : He works in the morning
Question : Does he work in the morning?
Short answer : Yes, he does

 Statement : They work every day

Question : Do they work every day?
Short answer : Yes , they do.

Keterangan:
Does : digunakan untuk orang ketiga tunggal (He/She/It)
Do : digunakan untuk orang pertama tunggal dan jamak, orang
kedua tunggal, dan orang ketiga jamak (I, You, They, We)
 3. Kalimat menyangkal (negative)
Example:
Question : Does Rani dance well?
Answer : No, she doesn’t

Question : Do Kevin and Yuli sing?

Answer : No, they don’t

B. KALIMAT NOMINAL
Subject +is/am/are+selain kata kerja

1. Kalimat berita (affirmative)

Example:
 I am busy at a moment
 They are in the library
 You are at home
 We are students
 She is a nurse
 He is a teacher
2. Kalimat Tanya (interogative)
 Am I busy at a moment
 Are they in the library
 Are you at home
 Are we students
 Is she a nurse
 Is he a teacher
3. Kalimat menyangkal (negative)
 I am not busy at a moment
 They are not in the library
 You are not at home
 We are not students
 She is not a nurse
 He is not a teacher
 Catatan : am ..... I
Are.......You/They/We
Is........He/She/it

KALIMAT TANYA DENGAN WHERE, WHEN, AND WHAT TIME??

Where/When/What time + Does/ Do + Subject + Verb

Example:
 Where do they work?
 When do you go to class?
 What time does he come home?

MENGUNAKAN KATA PENGULANGAN

Example :

John always studies at night

Kevin usually studies at night

Rose often studies at night

Bull sometimes studies at night

Tina seldom studies at night

Gun never studis at night

Catatan:

*always : selalu

*usually: biasanya

*often : sering

* sometimes: kadang-kadang

*seldom: jarang

*rarely: jarang

*never : tidak pernah

*every : setiap

*regularly: teratur

*occasionally: ada kalanya

*steadily: terus menerus

*normally: biasanya

*frequently: seringkali

*nowdays: saat sekarang

BANDINGKAN LETAK KATA ALWAYS

 John always studies at night

 Ruth is always busy
 I am sometimes late for class

Keterangan:

Always diletakkan di belakang bentuk be (is/are/am)

Kadang-kadang atau sometimes terletak pada permulaan atau akhir kalimat:

- I sometimes get up at six o’clock

- Sometimes I get up at six o’clock
- I get up at six o’clock sometimes

USES OF THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

1. Menyatakan persepsi, perasaan, dan keadaan yang terjadi atau ada saat
diucapkan, tetapi tidak harus pada waktu itu
Example:
 How many buses do you see? I see five
 You look worried
2. Menyatakan aktivitas yang terjadi di berbagai waktu.bisa sudah terjadi
sebelumnya, akan berlangsung terus di masa yang akan datang, mulai
terjadi dan tidak tahu kapan berakhirnya, atau dianggap tidak penting.
Example:
 Do you play the guitar Yes, but I don’t play well
 She is a good teacher
3. Menyatakan aktivitas yang terjadi pada masa lalu dan akan terus
terjadi pada masa yang akan datang. Biasanya menggunakan
keterangan pengulangan (usually, often, dsb)
Example:
 When do you play tennis? I play almost every Sunday morning
4. Menyatakan aktivitas yang sifatnya tetap dan tidak pernah berubah
Example:
 Where is Brisbane? It is in Australia
 The sun rises in the east

5. Menyatakan aktivitas yang akan terjadi pada waktu yang akan datang
Example:
 When he does come again? He comes again tomorrow
 We go to Bali next week