Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Types of Footing
Continuous footings
support a row of three or
more columns. They have
limited width and continue
under all columns.
Types of Footing
Rafted or mat foundation
consists of one footing
usually placed under the
entire building area. They
are used, when soil bearing
capacity is low, column
loads are heavy single
footings cannot be used,
piles are not used and
differential settlement must
be reduced.
Types of Footing
I 3.53 2.5
12 8.9m 4
Check stress
M 150
e 0.111 L6 36.5 0.583
P 1350
Ps M s C 1350 150 32.5
183.7 kPa
A I 8.75 8 .9
Ps M s C 1350 150 32.5
124.7 kPa
A I 8.75 8 .9
Ultimate pressure under footing
Pu 1.2900 1.6(450) 1800kN
M u 200kN .m
Pu M u C 1800 200 32.5
245kPa
A I 8.75 8. 9
Pu M u C 1800 200 32.5
166kPa
A I 8.75 8 .9
245
166
245
Check Punching Shear
3.5
1.4
2.5
2 2
0.83
1 2.4
Central band of short direction = 0.83 As = 0.83 (10.1)=8.6cm2
214 714/m 214
716/m
Footing Design
Part II
Combined footing
Example 1
Design a combined footing As shown
A
x1=0.2m
x2=6.2m
x
800(0.2)+1200(6.2)=2000(x)
x = 3.8m
800 kN 1200 kN
Try thickness
=80cm
2x =7.6 m
Area required
qall ( net ) 20t / m 2 200kPa,
Pu 1.3( Ps ) 1.3(2000) 2600kN
Ps 2000 103
Ag 10 m 2
7.6 *1.8
qall ( net ) 200 10 3
Pu 2600 103
qu 190 103 Pa 190kPa
A 7.6 *1.8
Check for punching Shear
d = 730 mm
1.13m
0.765
A
bo 2(765) 1130 2260mm
fc ' 25
VC bo d 0.75 730 2260 / 1000 2062.3kN
3 3
sd fc ' 30 730 25
VC 2 bo d 0 . 75 2 730 2260 / 1000 6027kN
b 12 2260 12
25
VC 0.75 730 1800 / 1000 821.25kN
6
Max. VU at d from column face 762.34kN
VU VC
Bending moment Long direction
ve M 1366kN .m
b 1800mm, d 730mm
25 2 106 *1366
0.85 * 1 - 1 - 0.0039
420 0.90.8525 * 7302 *1800
AS 0.0039 730 1000 2847mm 2 28.5cm2 use 9 20 / m Top
ve M 246.7 kN .m
b 1800mm, d 730mm
25 2 106 * 246.7
0.85 * 1 - 1 - 0.0007 min
420 0.90.8525 * 730 *1800
2
Under Column A
B1 2 B2 L
x
B1 B2 3
Area required
qall ( net ) 20t / m 2 200kPa,
Ps 1950 103
Ag 10. 8 m 2
A B2=1m
fc ' 25
VC bo d 0.75 665 2590 / 1000 2160.4kN
3 3
sd fc ' 30 665 25
VC 2 bo d 0 . 75 2 665 2590 / 1000 5222kN
b 12 2590 12
25
VC 0.75 665 1700 / 1000 696kN
6
Max. VU at d from column B face ( the most critical) 668kN
VU VC
Y=1.5m b
x 1m
4m
Bending moment Long direction
Top
b 1 2( 24..25
35 ) 1.5 2.60 m 2600
ve M 1260kN .m
d 730mm
25 2 106 *1260
0.85 * 1 - 1 - 0.003
420 0.90.8525 * 665 * 2600
2
Bottom
b' 1 2( 34..62
35 ) 1.5 3.5m 3500 mm
b' 1 2( 04.633
.35 ) 1.5 1.44 m 1440 mm
3.5 4
b m 3.75m 3750mm
2
0.733 3.75 0.4
2
1560
M 583.6
(3.75 * 0.733) 2 2
d 665mm
25 2 106 * 583.57
0.85 * 1 - 1 - 0.005
420 0.90.8525 * 665 * 733
2
1.44 1
b m 1.22m 1220mm
2
A
Assume
L1=0.6 x1=5.2m L2
x2=10.7m
x
800(0.6)+1280(5.1)+960(10.6)=
3040 (x)
x = 5.65m,
2(x)=11.3m
L2=11.3 - (10.6)=0.7
qall ( net ) 18t / m 2 180kPa,
Ps 3040 103
Ag 16.9 m 2
11.3m 1.8m
qall ( net ) 180 10 3
Pu 1.33040103
qu 195 103 Pa 195kPa
A 11.3 1.8
Check for punching Shear
h = 700 mm
d=630mm
Example
B
bo 4(630 400)) 4120mm
fc ' 25
VC bo d 0.75 630 4120 / 1000 3244.5kN
3 3
s d fc ' 40 630 25
VC 2 bo d 0.75 2 630 4120 / 1000 6584kN
b 12 4120 12
25
VC 0.75 630 1800 / 1000 708.75kN
6
Max. VU at d from column face 0.7(1009) 706.3kN
VU VC
Bending moment Long direction
ve M 1366kN .m
b 1800mm, d 730mm
25 2 106 *1365
0.85 * 1 - 1 - 0.0053
420 0.90.8525 * 6302 *1800
AS 0.0053 630 1000 3362mm 2 33.6cm2 use 9 22 / m Top
ve M 246.7 kN .m
b 1800mm, d 730mm
25 2 106 * 81
0.85 * 1 - 1 - min
420 0.90.8525 * 7302 *1800
AS min 0.0018 700 1000 1260mm 2 12.6cm2 use 814 / m Bottom
Modified load
General reinforcement details