Short Table of Infectious Diseases

Disease Causative agent Epi Clinical signs Complications Diagnostics Treatment Prevention
Source Transmission Incubation Prodromal Height of disease Values Investigation
Hepatitis A Picornavirus Human F-O 15-45d 1-7d 3-4w Fulminatn (0.01%) HAV IgM 1. Detox Immunity
Water, Food none Catarrhal Dark urine Cholestatis HAV IgG crystalloid, colloid Passive -
Contact Dyspeptic Jaundice HAV RNA hemodex, rheoPG human IgG
Asthenia pale stool AST ALT 600 Active -
Itchy Bilirubin ↑ 2. Laxatives live attenuated
HSMegaly Duphalak, Lactulose inactivated

3. AA replacement
Hepatitis B Hepadnavirus Human Parentral 1m-6m 1-7d 3-4w Cirrhosis HBV DNA ASL ALT >1000 Aminosteril Immunity
Acute Sex none Dyspeptic Dark urine Chronic Hep B HbS COS = PT < 70 Hepasteril Acitve
Injection Catarrhal Jaundice HCC HbE Anemia Vaccine (HbS Ag)
Blood transfuse Asthenia pale stool Anti HbE Leukopenia 4. Local Intestina AB 0.1.6m
Tattoos Arthalgia Itchy Anti HbC IgM Biliribuin ↑ Aminoglycosides
Medical staff Urticaria HSMegaly Anti HbC IgG ALP
Abd pain Anti Hbs (>5m) Gamma GT 5. Spasmolytics
N+V Euphyllinum
Chronic Immune tolerance phase HbS
Immune clearance phase Anti HbE OR HbE 6. Diuretics
Recovery Anti HbC IgG Spiranolactone
HBV DNA 7. treat Cholestasis
UrsaDeoxycholic Acid
Hep C Flavivrus Human Parentral 1-6m Rarely Years (30-40) Cirrhosis HCV RNA Ribavirin None
Acute Sex Asymptomatic/Mild Asymptomatic HCC Anti HCV AB IFN therapy
Injection I-Synd (5%) Arthalgia
Blood transfuse Rash, Myalgia
Tattoos
Chronic Medical staff Chronic + N ALT Abd pain ↑ALT, AST Biopsy
Mild Chronic N+V Gamma GT
Moderate-Severe Chronic Anorexia Ferritin
Itch
 Short Table of Infectious Diseases

Hep D Deltaviridae Human Parentral 35d Chronicity 3% HBV DNA AST>ALT 1000 *Chronic - give HBV Vaccination
CoIFX Sex Incabation PreIcteric Icteric Fulminant 25% HbS Gamma GT etiotopic tx
Injection (marked I- Synd 2nd Cirrhosis HbE after 6m
Blood transfuse peak2-3 weeks later) AI Hepatitis Anti HbC IgM
Tattoos Severe Jaundice Acute Hep Encep Anti HbC IgG *Mild course
Medical staff Multiple Organ HDV RNA Detox PO, drink h2o
Nosocomial Failuer Anti HDV IgM, IgG (>2-4w) 5% glucose, Cryst-Coll
*Moderate course
Super IFX Sudden decompensation of chronic HbV ptn Chronicity 70% HBV DNA diet 5, ambulatory tx,
Early HDV viramia, then quickly rising HDV Igm, IgG Fulminant 25% HbS Polyvitamin, Desensit
Anti HbE
Anti HbC IgG *Moderate-severe
HDV RNA Bederst, Specific Tx
Anti HDV IgM, IgG (>2-4w)
Hep E Caliciviridae Human F-O *Hep Encephalitis
Zoonoses Water, food *H-Synd
Pig, Rats Mother-child AA solution
Pregnant W FFP
Cholera Vibrio Cholera Human F-O 48h 1-2d Dehydration 1. Bacterioscopic Dark Light 1. Rehydation
O1, O1 Eltor Water, food Fatigue, ailing Diarrhoea (1st sign) HypoVolemic Shk 2. Bacteriological TCBC) Rehydation 2-4h 80-100ml/kg/h
O139 Bengal headahce Vomiting 1-3d AHF 3. Serologcal Maintainence 800-1000ml/h
subfebrile T NO pain, fever 14-16d RF detect AB (5-7d) 2. AB 3-5d Oral Cholera
Rice-water stool Pneumonia 4. Express Dx Cipro, Norflox, Doxy Vaccine
Signs of dehyrations - Hoarseness, oligo-anuria Sepsis Immunoflourescence TMP-SMX, EES Killed+toxoid
HR↑BP↓ Diarrhoea, VomiLng, Cramps, Cyanosis Pulm Edema (1-1.5h) Killed
Hct↑, W-E dysblance, pH↑, Skin + Lssue turgor Live attenuated
Food Poisoning S. Auerus Human Cooked food left Onset of disease in 3-6h, without fever Shk + Death 1. Clinical signs 1. Supportive care
C. Perfinges Unrefridgerated More vomiting, dirrhoea, Abd cramps, Dehydration 2. Lab testing seldom Rehydration
B. Cereus Unrefridgerated Duration of disease <48h food+stool sample Analgesia?
Campylovacter COS - degree of dehydration Relapse, bactemia 2. Detox
Guillance Barre Drink water
Colloid sol
 Short Table of Infectious Diseases

Salmonellosis S. enteritidis Human F-O 36h 1. Salm culture - stool, food 1. Watery diarrhoea, w/o distress
S. thyphimurium Animals None 1. Copious Fetid Stool vomitus Oral fluid, saltine crackers
Chicken 2. I-synd + Fever 2. Serological
Eggs COS - 3. Systemic reaction AB detected >7-8d 2. Watery diarrhoea, + Distress
Home pets Hypothalamus - fever Bismuth sabsalicyte, Loperamide
Reptiles Bone Marrow - hemotologic rxn
Hemostasis - Severe DIC 3. Watery diarrhoea, + Pain, no blood
CVS - ↓ fxn of myocarium, dmg to microcirc AB, Loperamide
Pancreas - insulin, glucagon secretion
Metabolic frustration - ↑glucose, lipid, 4. Dysentery +Pain
Liver - Acute phase protiens AB - Cipro, Oflo, Norfloxiclin
5. Mainly Vomiting - bismuth
6. Pregnant - Applugate, W+E
Shigellosis S. Dysentery Human F-O Colitis (2-7d) 10-14 d disease duration IT- SHk 1. Bacteriological 1. Etiotropic (Ab)
(Enterobac) S. Flexneri Water 1. Diarrhea - bulky watery -> small qtt (rectal spit) Hemorrhage culture feces Cipro, Ceftriaxone,
S. Sonnei Food COS Admixtures (blood + mucuos), Pain in LLQ Peritonitis 2. Serological Pivmecilline, Azithro
S. Boydii Contact False need + tenesmus Perforation Ag test - agglutination 2. Detox
2. I- synd HUS Retrospective (2w) 3. Anti -Infl
Gastroenterocolitis (2-7d) TXMC used in severe course Bismuth susbtate
1. Vomiting 1-3d Rectal prolapse 4. Rehydration
2. I-synd Encephalitis 5. Spasmolytic
3. Dirrhoea lower abd pain + Probiotics
Gastroenteritis (2-7d) Pneumonia + Enterosorbents
1. I-synd +N, V, Otitis
2. Diarrheal synd - epigastric pain UTI, oral ifx
 Short Table of Infectious Diseases

Thypoid Fever S. Typhi , Gp D Ill patient F-O 7-25d 1w 2- 4th w Int Bleeding 1. Clinical 1. Hospitalization
Typical Convalecing Food, water Stepwise ↑ temp 39-40 ↑ temp 39-40 (Rosenberg cross) 2. Epi strict bed regime7-10d
Carrier Contact I-synd I-synd Peritonitis 3. Confirm by diet 4
relativebradyC relative brady C Perforation Bacteriology Vacc?
Hypotonia pulse dicrotism Hepatitis blood, urine, stool, 2. Etiotropic short effect
thypoid tongue Single rose rash (4d) IT-shk doudenal content Ampicillin, Bactrim for travellers
Padalka Pouring in addition Serological Cipro, Ceftriaxone
HSMegaly Hypotonia Pnemonia Widal's test (indirect H-agg) Gentamycin
Diarrhoea HSMegaly Otitis ELISA, coagg
Status thyphosus Cholecystitis 3. Detox
Exhaustation psycho Thrombophebitis 4. Anti-pyretic
Myocarditis 5. Sedatives, hypnotic
Atypical Abortive - sudden rapid recovery Encephalopahy 6. Vitaminotherapy
Ambulatory - mild signs Delirium
Rare - involve lungs, kidney, intestine, meninges Anemia, DIC
Carrier -x clinical signs, but excretion w stool,urine Abscess
2 Bacterinemia

Botulism Clostridia Botox ingestion 12-48h Pre-paralytic Paralytic Pnemonia 1. Clinical 1. Hospitalization 1. Antitoxin ABE
Food borne Botulinum Environ F-O Gastroenteric Amplify pre-period Aspiration 2. Lab analysis 2. Lavage
A, B, E Animals Home canned, Ocular Eyesight Atelectasis 3. Bioassay w MOUSE 3. Specific serotherapy
X ppl-ppl home preserved Acute Resp Fail Swallowing +speech UTI 4. Bacteriological Equine Trivalent ABE
fish. Vege, fruit I-Synd Resp disturbances 2 microbial Feces and food antitoxin (test first)
smoked meats Facial falsy 5. Immunosorbent 4. Human Botulinum IG
CVS ELISA of feces 5. Specific ant botox
GIT 6. EMG (wound botox) FFP
Wound Wound ifx 4-44d (6d) No GIT synd General - symm NS def 7. ECG 6. Non spec detox *No immunity
A,B Fever Sensory OK Crys, Coll, enterosorb
Conciousness OK Iatrogenic comp 7. Mech Ventilation
Infant Botulinum colonization Normal T, low fever Cardiac arrhymia 8. Hyperbaric Oxygen
Adult Enteric Botulinum colonization N HR, N BP Serum sickness 9. AB to kill
A,B,C,E Anaphylaxis Chloramphinecal
Tetra, Penicil, Metro
 Short Table of Infectious Diseases

Yersiniosis Y.Enterocolica Zoonoses F-O 1-11d Acute GE Supp appendicits X distinct tests 1. AB therapy
Y. Paratb Ice cream Diarrhoea, N+V, Abd pain, RLQ Perforation Doxy, TMP SMX, Genta
salad Triad Pharyngitis Peritonitis 1. Bacteriological culture Cipro, Ceftriaxone
water I-synd , fever TXMC Stool, blood, throat swab
Hepatolineal Cholagitis wounds 2. Detox
Rash Mesenteric vein thr 3. Anti Infl - NSAIDs
Arthopathy 2. IF assays 4. Anti Allergic
* +ve Padalka Septicemia 3. Serological - ELISA, Immblot
Absess, Endocard 5. Probiotics
Osteomyelitis etc
RcA
Scarlett Fever Like

Brucellosis B. Miletensis Zoonoses F-O Acute Sub Acute Chronic (Acive) Osteomyelitis 1. Bacteriologica 1. AB Vaccine?
B. Suis *Mesoerythial* 4-6w 6-12w >4m Peritonitis Blood, Bone marrow, Tis Doxy,TMP SMX, Genta Live attenuated
B. Abortus Meat I-synd I-synd Mode I-synd Hep abscess 2. Serologica Rifampin, Streptomy *causes ifx
Slaughter Fever portabl High fever Osteoarticular Meningoencep Serum Agg Test (SAT)
Milk Sweating! Focal lesions: Nervous sys Meningitis 3. Immunoblotting 2. Detox Vaccinate
Contact LympadenoP Artrhitis Genitourinary Epidydimoorhictis 4. PCR 3. Anti-Infl animals instead
HepatoLienal Bursitis IE, Pericardits 5. LFT values↑ 4. Anti Allergic
Arthalgia Neuritis Pnemonia, Empyema 5. Physiotherapy
Myalgia Orchitis Uveitis 6. CSF -pleocytosis
Neuralgia ↑proLen, ↓glucose
ddx Influeza
* Allergic skin test -brucellin
Positive > 5cm
 Short Table of Infectious Diseases

Influenza Influenza A, Human Aerosol 1-3d I-Synd 5d Specific 1. Clinical 1. Sypmtomatic Vaccine
Orthomyxoviridae Animals Contact C-Synd 7-10d Lung Hemorr 2. Epi (if not epidemic it's NSAIDs, Anti-Hist vs N1H1, H1H2
has HGT Influenza B Human H-Synd >10d IT Shk termed URTI) Detox, Anti Tussive Live attenuated
has NMD Meningitis Serous 3. Clinical 2. Etiotropic spec Inactivated
Influenza C (no NMD) Human gamma G
Non-Spec 4. Lab 3. Etiotropic N spec
Pneumonia Serological IFN Chemoprophx
Otitis, sinusitis Indirect Immunoflourescen 4. Antivirals Rimantidine
GN, Meningitis Retrospective Rimantidine gamma G
purulent Virology, Serology Osetlamivir, Zanamivir IFN

Leptospirosis L. Interorgans Animals F-O /Aqueus sev d- 1m 1w end of 1st +2nd w Hypovol Shk 1. Epid anamnesis Hospitalization Deratization
L.Grpyphossia mice Urine! In water Septicemic Leptospiuric Myocard, Pericard 2. Clinical Bedrest
L. Pomona rats food Chills, Fever 40 Persist early signs Neurological Synd 3. Occupational Diet Vaccine (worker)
L. Icterohemorr voles Aerosolized Headache Dry tongue DIC, ARDS, 4. Contact history 1. Etiotropic AB Killed vaccine
sheep etc Contact Photophobia Dyspepsia synd RF, HeparF, IT SHk 5. Lab Doxy, Ampi,Amox Serovar spec
Mircoinjuries MYALGIA CVS syd Weil's Synd BIOASSAY -guinea pigs Severe : Benzyl, Ampi Painful swell
Asthenia Synd Pasternatsky +ve *severe jaundice Serologic -IHT, CFT, LAR Amox, EES
Triad! Facial hyperemia *RF Bacterioscopic 2. Spec Ig
Flu-like HSMegaly Renal synd +DIC *Hepatic necro Blood, urine, urine analy Bedrezka AntiLepto IG
Aseptic Meningitis Insomnia *Lund dyfx CSF analy -> Meningism 3. Detox
Dysprop Myalgia Anicteic Icteric *Hemorr Diathesis 4.W-E correction
Aseptic Menin Jaundice 5. Analgesia + Vit Exposed
Non Spec 6. DIC Mx Doxy
Pnemonia , otitis etc

Plague Y.Pestis Humans F-O I synd 1. It-Shk When suspected: 1. AB early 7d local, 10-14d general
Sick ptn Food, water Severe I -synd 2. DIC 1. Specimen + dx Strepto, Genta,
ingestion of cont Chest pain 3. Multiorgan fail 2. CXR Doxy, Tetra, Chloramp
Animals excrement Neurotoxicosis 4. ARDS due to 3. Start Rx 2. Detox
Rats CVS collapse Hemorr Lung Edema Glucose, FFP, Coll, GC
Aerosol DIC + Hemorr Dx 3. Vasopressors
Contact Cutaneus F Bbonic F Pneumonic General/Septic 1. Bioassay mice 4. Ig (Pentaglobulin)
 Short Table of Infectious Diseases

Flea bites macule 1-2d Fever, ↑senst Initial period I-synd 2. Bacteriological 5. FFP
papule Bubo form Pri = 3,4d ; Sec = 12h Petech, rash etc Blood, bubo aspirate 6. Artificial Ventiln
pustule Periadenitis Severe I-synd & (H-synd) tracheal wash, sputum
phyctema 4d Surr tiss edema Chest pain, dyspnoea Hepatolineal Synd CSF, pharngeal swab *Cutaneuos form
Carbuncle Hemorr cont cough, frothy sputum Meningoencap 3. Bacterioscopical Bactrim
Ulcer Painful indura. Coma, CVS collapse IT-SHk, DIC 4. Serological -IHA
Hemorr Pulm Edema 5. ELISA
Death Rx-able Rx-able 100% unRx, 50% rx 100% 6. PCR
7. *Direct flourescence test
Tularemia F. Tularensis Humans F-O 2-5d Onset period Primary Forms 1. Bacteriological isolation 1. AB therapy
Animals Ingestion Sudden 1. Ulceroglandular 2. Allergic skin test -Tularin Strep, Genta,
Rabbits Water I-synd 2. Glandular >5mm +ve Doxy, Tetra, Cipro
Voles Contact 3. Oculoglandular
Tick bites 4. Thypoidial 2. Detox
Mosquito bite 5. Oropharngeal 3. Anti allergic
Direct inoculatn 6. Pneumonic 4. In suppuration
7. Abd form Surgery of LN
*Abd f = +ve Padalka
Malaria P.Malariae Humans Transmissive P. Vivax+)vale P.malariae P.falciparum Cerebral form 1. Clinical 3 therapy Immunity?
P.Vivax Mosquitoes sev d - months 3-6w 7-16d (M.f alciparum) 2. Epi 1. Hematoschzont Short term,
P.Ovale Fem Anopheles Prodromal - headahce, muscle pain, chills, N +V + D Anemia 3. Lab 2. Antihypnozoites Species specific
P. Falciparum 2-6d 2-3d sev h - sev d hemolyic Hemogram 3. Antigametocytes Requires cont
New* Parentral Chills 2-3h Chills 13h NO CHILLS hypochromic Bacterioscopic (Primaquine phosphate) challenge
P.Knowlesi Vertical Fever ~6h Fever Fever 12-24-36h/Cont IT-Shk +DIC Thick blood - qtt of Malaria P. Vivax,Ovale, malariae
P.Simium Sweating Sweating Sweating ARF -M.Falc Thin blood - type of Malaria Chloroquine phosphate
*Genetic resistance HSM 3-5d HSM 2w HSM3-4d NS- M.Mal *giemsa staining P. Falc - moderate
SCD, Thalassemia, G6PD Anemia 10-14d Hemoglobinuric Fev Mefloquine
Viv - Rupture NS M.Falc Serological -ELISA, IF Artemitide +lumefantine
of spleen Pulm Edema (-ve microscopy result) Fansidar
M.falc Immunoenzyme method Quinine + Doxy
ARDS - M.Falc PCR - plasmodium Dna detc Malarone = Atorvaqoune + Proguanil
p.Falc - severe
Quinine gluconate, dihydrochoride
 Short Table of Infectious Diseases

Meningococcal N. Meningitis Human Aerosol Nasopharyn MeningococcemiaMeningitis IT-Shk 1. Clinical signs + symptoms 1. Hospitalization *disharge prin
Ifx Ptn Contact Subfebrile T 2-10d DIC 2. Bacteriological iso (late) 2. Etiotropic Ab <100 cells
Recovering Pale skin Acute onset Acute onset ARF 3. Serological AN detec Pennicil, Cipro 25% neutophils
Carrier X corneal inj I-synd severe I-synd Waterson-Freisk 4. Serological AB detec Ceftriaxone, Chloramp
Mucosa dark H-Synd Meningeal signs Pulm edema 5. CSF analy Pleocyt ~1k Aztreonam (new)
red-blue exanthem, 1. Muscle rigid ARDS Glucose ↓ 3. Detox - GC
enanthema 2. Hypersenstivty Thrombosis + Necr . Proten ↑ 4. Supportive
Rx Starlike rash 3. Tendon reflex ↑ Gangrene Neutropils (infusion etc)
Rifampicin Petechial rash 4. Rxtive pain phen Ulcers "Cell-protien diassociation"
Levomethicin Brain swelling
Ceftriaxone Ventriculitis
Hydrocephalus

Erysipelas GAS Provoking Contributing 3-5d sev h- 1-2d <5d IT-Shk Only on 1. Eti0tropic Anti-recurrent Rx
Strep Pyogenus Injury Mycoses Fast dev I-synd (>7d = complicated) Sepsis 1. Clinical Benzylpen, 2 course rx
Local Infl DM, oBesity Headache, chill Fever Abscess Location of lesion Benzyl + Genta 1. Benzyl +
Extreme T Venous disease myalgia Lympadenitis Necrosis +Gang Acute + I-synd Penicill + Cirpo Cefazolin (C1)
Erythemic Emotion str Chr Lymphostas N+V More severe skin Lasting strep foci Charc Erythema Penicill + clinda 2. Lincomycin
Erythemic-Bullous Current dis Excema Lower ext, face signs Hemorr synd 2. Outptn
Erythemic-Hemorr Local strep foci Burning, parest Regional lympaden Spiramycin Bicillinum
Bullous-Hemorr Immunosurpre Fever 38-40 (never purulent) Azithro, Cipro 1. Benzathiane
Mircotrauma Resp Quinolenes benzylpenni
3. Detox 2. Extenvilline?
4. Anti-Inflamm
5. Desensitizatn
6. Local therapy?
7. Physiotherapy
 Short Table of Infectious Diseases

HIV HIV-1 Human Parentral Acute AIDS Incub (2-4w) Detection HAART No vacc
HIV-2 HomoSex General I-synd (viral) ELISA CD4 count When?
Injection Fever, LympahdenoP, Phanyngitis, Rash Asymptomatic <200
Blood transfuse Persistant Gen. LymphadenoP Confirmation Symptomatic <500
Tattoos >500 ~200 >50 Immunoblot, PCR
Medical staff Cyptococcoisis Toxo CMV 1. NRTI - Ziduvodine
Vertically Coccoidococis PCP MAC PCP, Toxo - TMX SMP Didanosine
Breasfeeding Candidiasis OralKaposi's Sarc Dementia MAC- Rifabtuin 2. NNRTI - Enfavirenz
Herpes Zoster Cyprtomenign Wasting Cyptococcal Meningitis - Fluconazole Niveripenz
TB TB - Dapsone 3. Protien Inhibitors
Helmithnic Inidinavir, Sanquinavir
Seborrhoea 4. Fusion Inhibitors
5. Intergration Inhibitor
Hemorr Flavivirus Zoonoses Aerosol 2-42d Acute phase Late phase Uremia 1. Clinical Dx 1. Hospitalization
Fever Moqsuito Arthopods Contact Hemorr 2. Serological Dx 2. Antivirals
Arenavirus H - Dengue Rodent Urine /fecal ing Initial period Oliguric stage Diruteic stage Myocarditis AB detection Ribavirin (in epidemic)
Lassa fever Yellow Fever Tick/ Mosquito Fever No so fever Rupture of Kidneys 3. Supportive care
Bolivan fever N - West Nile, JE Hypotensive Hypertension Rehydrate, Detox
Argentina fev Tick borne Human Ebola, marburg Bradycardia Tachycardia Pulm edema 4. ICU - Hemodialysis
Brazil Venez.. H- Krayanur, Omsk Lassa Catarrhal ↑ Catarrhal No signs , Asthenia dev ARDS When :
Filovirus N - Powasean Fine petechia Rash, hemorr Oliguia <500, Anuria
Ebola Bunyavirus GIT bleed etc Creatinine >620
Marburg Bunyavirus None ARF Urea >150
Phlebovirus Massive heamturiaN clearance, polyuria Progressive edema
Rift valley fever Protienuria
Nairovirus Oligouria
Crimean-Congo Fev Leucopenia Hyprevolemia Hypooncotic Synd
Hantvirus TCP! Massive protienuria
HFRS, HPS Met Acidosis

TJLEE 2010