Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
COURSE FILE
B.Sc. Non Med
Semester- 5th
Ms. Reena
Assistant Professor
Contents of Course file
Semester Name of the course and subject Section
1 Academic calendar
2 Time table of the Class
3 Time table of the section
4 Time table of the concerned teacher
5 Scheme of Examination and attendance rules
6 Syllabus of the subjects
7 Lecture planning and implementation sheet
8 Tutorial/case study planning and execution sheet
9 Quiz planning and feedback
10 Assignments and important dates
11 Copy of Surprise tests with dates on conducted
12 Hourly and mid semester tests
13 Previous Question or specimen papers with answers
14 Unit-1
1.Lecture detail
2.Tutorial sheets
3. Quiz sheets (2)
4. Assignments (1)
5. MST 1
15 Unit-2
1.Lecture detail
2.Tutorial sheets
3. Quiz sheets (2)
4. Assignments (1)
5. MST 2
16 Unit-3
1.Lecture detail
2.Tutorial sheets
3. Quiz sheets (2)
4. Assignments (1)
17 Solutions to Tutorials, case studies and quiz sheets Unit wise
18 Topics on advancement in the subject 3 lectures
19 List of PPT along with Pen drive
20 Analysis and feed At the end of the
semester
Academic Calendar for the Year 2018-19
Odd Semester
Date Working Remarks/
S.No. Event
From To days Displayed
1 Start of semester 16th July 2018
2 First fortnight 16-Jul-18 27-Jul-18 10 27-Jul-18
3 Second Fortnight 30-Jul-18 10-Aug-18 10 10-Aug-18
4 Assignments 17-Aug-18 20-Sep-18 Unit I
5 Third Fortnight 13-Aug-18 23-Aug-18 9 23-Aug-18
7 1st Hourly Test 24-Aug-18 27-Aug-18 3
9 Forth Fortnight 28-Aug-18 07-Sep-18 9 07-Sep-18
Fifth Fortnight 10-Sep-18 21-Sep-18 9 21-Sep-18
10 Fresher Party 2018 21-Sep-18
11 Assignments 25-Sep-18 22-Oct-18 Unit II
12 Sixth Fortnight 24-Sep-18 04-Oct-18 9 04-Oct-18
17 2nd Hourly Test 05-Oct-18 08-Oct-18 3
13 Entrecellance -17 12-Oct-18
15 Seventh Fortnight 09-Oct-18 19-Oct-18 9 19-Oct-18
Eight Fortnight 22-Oct-18 29-Oct-18 6 29-Oct-18
16 Assignments 22-Oct-18 12-Nov-18 Unit III
19 Dewali holidays 04-Nov-18 11-Nov-18 8
Ninth fortnight 30-Oct-18 15-Nov-18 9 15-Nov-18
21 Student's Day 03-Nov-17 Student-Teacher Interaction
22 Online Quiz 16-Nov-18 17-Nov-18 2
23 Practical Exams 19-Nov-18 22-Nov-18 4
24 Theory Examination 27-Nov-18 21-Dec-18 21
6 SPT306 Electronics I 3 0 0 3
10 SHI311/
SPI312/
TOTAL 20 3 8 27.5
Note: *Field Project of 6 weeks to be completed during Summer vacation after 4th Sem for
evaluation in 5th semester.
CHANDIGARH UNIVERSITY, GHARUAN
Subject: Name of the course: B. Sc. (Non Medical) L T P C
Marks-100
Internal-40 External-60
Course Objective
Unit –III
1. Ross S. M., Introduction to Probability Models, Edition 6th 1997, Academic Press.
2. Pitman J., Probability, Narosa.
3. Spiegel Murray R., Schiller John J., R. Alu Srinivasan , 3rd edition ,Schaum Series.
Reference Books:
Please go through these instructions thoroughly and follow the same pattern while setting the
To enable students to apply statistics and probability in various problems of engineering, Agriculture
and Medicine, etc.
Subject Outcome
The student will be able to
1. Understand the concept of probability, Random Variable and get knowledge about
discrete random variable and continuous random variable.
2. Get knowledge about probability distribution, testing of hypothesis. Get knowledge
about conditional probability and Baye’s theorem
3. Understand the important bi-variate random variable, functions of random variable and
Understand the essential concepts mathematical expectations
4. understand the concept of statistics and probability and they can solve the problems
related to sampling.
Applications:
The application of probability in the real life is realibility the consumer products like
automobiles, electronic devices, utilize the realibility theory in the design of the product in
order to reduce the probability of failure.
TextBooks
Sr No Title Author Edition Year Publisher Name
T-1 Introduction to Probability Ross S. M. 6nth 1997 Academic Press
Models
T-3 Probability & Statistics Spiegel Murray 3rd 2000 Schaum Series
R., Schiller John
J., R. Alu
Srinivasan
Reference Books
Sr No Title Author Edition Year Publisher Name
R-1 An Introduction to Blake I., 3rd 2000 John Wiley & Sons
Applied Probability
Week Lecture Broad Topic Chapters Othe Lecture Learning Outcomes Pedagogic
/Sections r Description al Tool
No. No. (Sub Topic) of Read Demonstr
Text/refe ings, ation/
rence Relev Case
books ant Study /
Webs Images /
ites, animation
Audi / ppt etc.
o Planned
Visua
l
Aids,
softw
Lecture Introduction to T1 are
Ross Discussion on Students will know Board/
1 Probability and and
S. M. Probability about Probability Lecture
Statistics Virtu
al
Lecture Random T1 Ross Discussion on Sample space of Board/
Labs
2 experiment S. M. random random experiment Lecture
Ist and sample experiment
Lecture space
Axioms and T1 Ross Discussion on Students will know Board/
3 properties of S. M. Axioms of Axioms & properties Lecture
probability probability of probability
14th Lecture Central limit T1 Ross Discussion on Students will know Board/
40 theorem S. M. Central limit about Central limit Lecture
theorem theorem theorem
01 17.08.2018 20.09.2018 Random experiment, sample G1:Q1-3 , G2: Q4-6, G3: Q7-
Covering space, axiom & elementary 9, G4: Q10-12, G5: Q13-15 ,
Unit-1 G6:Q16-18 , G7: Q19-21
properties of probability, G8:Q22-24, G9:Q25-27,
equally likely outcome G10:Q28-30
problems. Concept, cdf,
discrete and continuous r.v’s,
expectations, mean, variance,
mgf. Bernoulli , binomial
,generic, Poisson, Uniform,
exponential, Gamma, normal
random variables
02 25.09.2018 22.10.2018 Binomial, Poisson and G1:Q1-3 , G2: Q4-6, G3: Q7-
Covering Normal Distribution 9, G4: Q10-12, G5: Q13-15 ,
Unit-2 G6:Q16-18 , G7: Q19-21
Chi-test and t-test, F-test G8:Q22-24, G9:Q25-27,
Conditional probability and G10:Q28-30
conditional expectations,
Baye's theorem,
independence, computing
expectation by conditioning,
some applications–a list
model, a random graph, Paly's
urn model
03 22.10.2018 12.11.2018 Bivariate random variables, G1:Q1-3 , G2: Q4-6, G3: Q7-
Functions of random variable, 9, G4: Q10-12, G5: Q13-15 ,
Covering G6:Q16-18 , G7: Q19-21
Unit-3 Skewness, Kurtosis, G8:Q22-24, G9:Q25-27,
Moments G10:Q28-30
Details of Academic Task(s)
MST1
MST2
E-Code:
6. The odds that a book will be favourably reviewed by three independent critics are 5 to
2, 4 to 2 and 3 to 4 respectively. What is the probability that, of the three reviews, a majority
will be favourable?
7. A can hit a target 4 times in 5 shots; B 3 times 4 shots ; C twice in 3 shots. They fire a
volley. What is the probability that atleast two shots hit?
8. The diameter of an electric cable is assumed to be a continuous variate with pdf f(x) =
6x(1-x), 0 x 1. Verify that the above is p.d.f. Also, find the mean and variance.
(i) Mutually Exclusive Events (ii) Equally likely events (iii) Independent and dependent events
12. For two events A and B, let P(A)=0.4, P(B)=p and P( A B) 0.6
13. An urn containing 10 white and 3 black balls, while another urn contains 3 white and 5 black
balls. Two balls are drawn from the first urn and put into the second urn and then a ball is drawn from
the latter. What is the probability that it is a white ball?
14. The probabilities of A, B, C solving a problem are 1/3 , 2/7 and 3/8 respectively. If all the three
try to solve the problem simultaneously, find the probability that exactly one of them will solve it.
X : 8 12 16 20 24
16. Five defective bulbs are accidently mixed with twenty good ones. It is not possible to just look
at a bulb and tell whether or not it is defective. Find the probability distribution of the number of
defective bulbs, if four bulbs are drawn at random from this lot.
P( X k ) n C k p k (1 p) n k , k 0, 1, 2 ......, n
18. Define (i) Discrete random variable (ii) Continous random variable and (iii) Cumulative
distribution function
2 x, 0 x 1
f ( x)
0 , elsewhere
22. Let X be a random variable having density function f(x) =cx, 0≤x≤2 and f(x)=0
elsewhere. Find (a) value of c (b) P(0.5<X<1.5) (c) P(X>1)(d) distribution function.
0, x 100
23. The life in hours of a certain kind of radio tube has the pdf f(x)= 100
x 2 , x 100.
Find
(i) the distribution function F(x) (ii) the probability that the life of tube is 150 hours (iii) the
probability that the life of tube is more than 150 hours
24. The following tables gives the number of days in a 50 day period during which automobile
accidents occurred in a city
No. of accidents 0 1 2 3 4
No. of days 21 18 7 3 1
Fit a Poisson distribution to the data.
25. Define Gamma distribution. Find the limiting form of Gamma distribution.
26. Define Poisson distribution. Show that it is limiting form of Binomial distribution.
27. Show that for a binomial distribution mean =np, Variance=npq and standard deviation= npq
28. The no. of telephone calls arriving on an internal switch board of an office is 90 per hour. Find
the prob. that at the most 1 to 3 calls in a minute on the board arrive.
29. A manufacturer who produces medicine bottles, find that 0.1% of the bottles are defectives. The
bottles are packed in boxes containing 500 bottles. A drug manufacturer bys 100 boxes from the producer
of bottles. Using Poisson distribution , find how many boxes will contain:
No defectives (ii) atleast two defectives
30. If X is uniformly distributed with mean 1 and variance 4/3. Find P(X<0).
Tutorial Sheet-1
One urn is chosen at random and two balls drawn. They happen to be white and red.
What is the probability that they come from urns I, II and III ?
Q.2. From a box containing 7 red balls ,5 green balls and 3 blue balls. 3 balls are drawn one after
the other. What is the probability of drawing red ball in the first draw, blue ball in the second draw
and green ball in the 3rd draw?
Q.3. A can hit a target 4 times in 5 shots; B 3 times 4 shots; C twice in 3 shots. They fire a volley.
What is the probability that at least two shots hit?
Q.4. Out of 800 families with 5 children each. How many would you expect to have
• 3 boys
• 5 girls
• Either 2 or 3 boys
Q.5. A die is tossed once, if the random variable is getting an even number denoted by y, find the
probability distribution of y.
Q6. Define Moment generating function. If X1, X 2 ,....., X n are independent random
variables, then prove that m.g.f of their sum X1 X 2 ..... X n is given by
M X 1 X 2 ..... X n (t ) M X 1 (t ).M X 2 (t ).......M X n (t )
Q8. A coin is tossed until a head appears. What is the expectation of the number of tosses required?
Q9. Find probability distribution of boys and girls in families with 3 children, assuming
equal probabilities for boys and girls. Also find distribution function.
Q10. Two unbiased dice are thrown. Find the expected values of the sum of numbers of points on
them.
Tutorial Sheet-2
Q.1. From a box containing 7 red balls ,5 green balls and 3 blue balls. 3 balls are drawn one after the
other. What is the probability of drawing red ball in the first draw, blue ball in the second draw and
green ball in the 3rd draw ?
a). If ball is replaced back after each draw.
b). If ball is not replaced back after each draw
Q.2. A fair coin is tossed six times. Find the probability of getting
a) Exactly 2 heads (b) Atleast 4 heads
(c) No head (d) At least 1 head
Q.3. A, B, C in order throw a coin. The first to throw a head wins. If A starts, find their respective
chances of winning.
Q.4. During war 1 ship out of 9 was sunk on an average in making a certain voyage. What was the
probability that exactly three out of 6 ships would arrive safely.
Q.5. A student is given a true false test examination with 8 questions. If he corrects at least 7 questions
he passes. Find the probability that he will pass given that he guesses all questions.
Q8. If X is uniformly distributed with mean 1 and variance 4/3. Find P(X<0).
Q9. If X is a normal variate with mean 30 and standard deviation 5. Find the probabilities that
(i) 26 X 40 (ii ) X 30 5
Q10. Prove that the geometric mean G of the distribution dF 6(2 x)(c 1)dx,1 x 2 is
given by 6 log( 16G) 19
(Sample) UID: _____________
(c) In throw a pair of dice, if the sum(X) represents a discrete random variable.
Then find a mean (or expected ) value of X.
that the life of tube is 150 hours (iii) the probability that the life of tube is
more than 150 hours
Q.4 A manufacturer who produces medicine bottles, find that 0.1% of the bottles are
defectives. The bottles are packed in boxes containing 500 bottles. A drug
manufacturer bys 100 boxes from the producer of bottles. Using Poisson
distribution , find how many boxes will contain:
No defectives (ii) atleast two defectives
UNIT-II
Assignment-2
{G1:Q1-3 , G2: Q4-6, G3: Q7-9, G4: Q10-12, G5: Q13-15 , G6:Q16-18 , G7: Q19-21 G8:Q22-24, G9:Q25-
27, G10:Q28-30}
Q1 The probability that a man aged 60 will live to be 70 is 0.65. What is the probability that a out
of 10 men aged 60 now, atleast 7 would live to be 70.
Q2 The avg. no. of suicides per week in a city is 1.5. Find the prob. that there will be 5 or more
suicides in one month (4 weeks).
Q3 The no. of telephone calls arriving on an internal switch board of an office is 90 per hour. Find
the prob. that at the most 1 to 3 calls in a minute on the board arrive.
Q4 In a Normal distribution 31% items are under 45 and 8% items are over 64. Find the mean value
(µ) and standard deviation (σ) of the distribution.
Q5 Show that for a binomial distribution mean =np, Variance=npq and standard deviation= npq
Q6 Eight coins are thrown simultaneously. Find the probability of getting at least six heads.
Q13. Samples are of two types of electric light bulbs were tested for length of life and
following data were obtained
Sample No. Type I Type II
Sample Means n1 8 n2 7
Sample S.D’s x1 1234 hrs x2 1036 hrs
Is the difference in the means sufficient to warrant that type 1 is superior to type II
regarding length of life.
Q14. What are the physical conditions of a Poisson distribution? Also show that Poisson
distribution is the limiting form of Binomial distribution.
Q15. If X is a normal variate with mean 30 and standard deviation 5. Find the probabilities
that (i) 26 X 40 (ii ) X 30 5
Q17. In a Normal distribution 31% items are under 45 and 8% items are over 64. Find the
mean value (µ) and standard deviation (σ) of the distribution
Q18. The mean yield for one acre plot is 662 kilos with s.d. 32 kilos. Assuming normal
distribution , how many one acre plots in a batch of 1000 plots would you expect to have
yield (i) over 700 kilos (ii) below 650 kilos, and (iii) what is the lowest yield of the best
100 plots?
Q20. Out of all the graduate students in a University, 70% are women and 30% are men.
Suppose that 20% and 25% of the female and male population respectively smoke cigarettes.
What is the probability that a randomly selected graduate student is (i) A woman who smoke
(ii) A man who smoke (iii) A smoker
Q21. The household net expenditure on health care in two samples, expressed as percentage
of total income is shown as
South 15.0 8.0 3.8 6.4 27.4 19.0 35.3 13.6
North 18.8 23.1 10.3 8.0 18.0 10.2 15.2 19.0 20.2
Test the equality of variances of households net expenditure on health care in south and
north India.
45,47,50,52,48,47,49,53,51
Does the mean of these values differ significantly from the assumed mean 47.5?
Q23. The following gives the number of aircraft accidents that occur during the various days
of a week. Find whether the accidents are uniformly distributed over the week
Q24. In a hospital 475 female and 525 male babies were born in a week. Do these figures
confirm the hypothesis that males and females are born in equal number.
Q25. The height of six randomly chosen sailors in inches are 63,65,68,69,71 and 72. Those
of nine randomly chosen soldiers are 61,62,65,66,69,70,71,72 and 73. Test whether the sailor
are on the average taller than soldiers.
Q26. The theory predicts the proportion of beans in the four groups G1,G2,G3,G4 should be
in the ratio 9:3:3:1. In an experiment with 1600 beans the numbers in the four groups were
882,313,287,118. Does the experimental result support the theory?
Xi: 0 1 2 3 4
Fi: 30 62 46 10 2
Q28. The mean yield for 1 acre plot is 662 kg with S.D. of 32 kg. Assuming normal
distribution, how many 1 acre plots in a batch of 1000 plots expect to yield:
a) Over 700 kg
b) Below 650 kg
Q30. A distributor of bean seeds determines from extensive tests that 5% of large batch of
seeds will not germinate. He sells the seeds in packet of 200 and guarantees 90% germination.
Determine the probability that a particular packet will violate the guarantee.
Tutorial Sheet- 1
1. If the Poisson distribution is 2. Find the probabilities for r = 1,2,3,4 from the recurrence
relation of the Poisson distribution.
2. Let X be a normal random variable with mean 10 and variance 16, find P(X≥7) and
P(0<X<2).
3. A sample of 400 items is taken from a normal population whose mean is 4 and whose
variance is 4, if the sample mean is 4.45. Can the sample be regarded as a truly random
sample.
4. Fit a binomial distribution for the following data:
x: 0 1 2 3 4 5
f: 2 14 20 34 22 8
5. Find the area A under the normal curve
a) Corresponding to z ≥2.16 b) Corresponding to -0.80<z≤1.53
c) To the left of z = -2.52 and right of z = 1.83
6. Find the area A under the normal curve
a) to the left of z = -1.78 b) To the left of z = 0.56 c) To the right of z = -1.45
7. The avg. no. of suicides per week in a city is 1.5. Find the prob. that there will be 5 or more
suicides in one month (4 weeks).
8. The no. of telephone calls arriving on an internal switch board of an office is 90 per hour. Find
the prob. that at the most 1 to 3 calls in a minute on the board arrive.
9. In a book of 520 pages, 390 typo-graphical errors occur. Assuming Poisson law for the number
of errors per page, find the probability that a random sample of 5 pages will contain no error.
10. A and B play a game in which their chances of winning are in the ratio 3 : 2. Find A’s chance of
winning at least three games out of the five games played.
Tutorial Sheet-2
1. Records taken of the number of male and female births in 800 families having 4 children
are as follows:
No of male births: 0 1 2 3 4
Test whether the data are consistent with the hypothesis that the binomial law holds and the
chance of male births is equal to that of female birth, namely p=q=1/2.
2. The marks obtained by a group of 9 regular course students and another group of 11
part time course students in a test are given below:
Regular: 56 62 63 54 60 51 67 69 58
Part time:62 70 71 62 60 56 75 64 72 68 66
Examine whether the marks obtained by regular students and part time students differ
significantly at 5% and 1% level of significance.
4. 325 men out of 600 chosen from a big city were found to be smokers. Does this
information support the conclusion that the majority of men in the city are smokers.
5. From the following two sample values find out whether they have come from the same
population:
Sample 1: 17 27 18 25 27 29 27 23 17
Sample 2: 16 16 20 16 20 17 15 21
6. A sample of 900 members has a mean 3.4 cms, and s.d 2.61 cms. Is the sample from a large
population of mean 3.25 cms and s.d 2.61 cms?
Sample 40 34 22 20 31 40 30 23 36 17
2
Analyse whether the samples have been drawn from the population of equal means.
9. From the following table regarding the colour of eyes of fathers and sons test if the colour of
son’s eye is associated with that of the father.
Eye colour of son
Eye colour of father Light Not Light
Light 471 51
Not Light 148 230
10. A normal population has a mean of 6.8 and standard deviation of 1.5. A sample of 400 members
gave a mean of 6.75. Is the difference significant?
(Sample) UID: _____________
Chandigarh University, Gharuan
2nd Hourly Test (Oct. – 2018)
Course : B.Sc Non-Medical Semester: 5th
Subject : Probability & Statistics Sub. Code: SMT 304
Time Allowed: 1 Hour Maximum Marks : 36
Note: Section-A is compulsory. Attempt any Two question from Section-B
Section – A (2 Marks Each)
Q. 1 Six coins are tossed 6400 times. Using the Poisson distribution, find the
approximate probability of getting six heads r times.
(a)
(b) Find Moment generating function of Binomial Distribution
(c) What is Goodness of fit test?
Q. 2 In a distribution exactly normal, 7% of the the items are under 35 and 89% are
under 63. What are the mean and standard deviation of the distribution?
Q. 3 Seven coins are tossed and no. of heads are noted .The experiment is repeated 128
times and the following distribution is obtained.
No.of 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Total
heads
Freq. 7 6 19 35 30 23 7 1 128
f ( x, y )
1
2 x y , where x and y can assume only the integer values 0, 1 and 2. Find the
27
conditional distribution of Y for X x
Q4. If X and Y are random variables then E(X+Y) = E(X) + E(Y) provided all the expectations exist.
Q5. The joint density function of two random variables X and Y is given by
xy
0 x 1, 1 y 5
f ( x, y ) 96
0 otherwise
Find (i) marginal density of X (ii) marginal density of Y (iii) conditional density of X (iv)
conditional density of Y
Q13. A coin is tossed until a head appears. What is the expectation of the number of tosses
required?
2e2 x x 0
Q14. A random variable X has density function given by f ( x)
0 x0
Find (i) m.g.f (ii) first four moments about origin
Q15. (a) Find the moment generating function of a random variable X having density function
x / 2 0 x 2
f ( x)
0 otherwise
(b) Use the generating function of (a) to find the first four moments about the origin
Q16. A box contains 'a' white and 'b' black balls. 'c' balls are drawn. Find the expected value
of the number of white balls drawn.
Q19. Examine whether the weak law of large numbers holds for the sequence { X k } of
independent random variables defined as follows:
P[ X k 2 k ] 2 ( 2 k 1)
P[ X k 0] 1 2 2 k
Q20. Let X 1 , X 2 ,........, X n be jointly normal with E ( X i ) 0 and E( X i 2 ) 1 for all i and
Cov( X i , X j ) if j i 1 and =0, otherwise. Examine if WLLN holds for the
sequence { X n }.
Q21. If the variable X p assumes the value 2 p 2 log p with probability 2 p ; p 1,2,......., examine if
the law of large numbers holds in this case.
Q22. Find the first four moments of Binomial Distribution.
Q24. Deduce the first four moments about the mean of the Poisson distribution from those of the
Binomial distribution.
Q25. What do you understand by skewness? How is it measured? Distinguish clearly, by giving
figures, between positive and negative skewness?
Q28. Calculate the first four moments of the following distribution about the mean and hence
find 1 and 2 .
X: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
F: 1 8 28 36 70 56 28 8 1
Q29. The first four moments of a distribution about the value 4 of the variable are -1.5, 17,-30
and 108. Find the moments about mean, 1 and 2 .
Q30. The first four moments of a distribution about the value 5 of the variable are 2, 20, 40 and
50. Find the moments about mean, 1 and 2 .
Tutorial Sheet -1
x 1
Q1 If X is a random Variable having the p.d.f f ( x) , 1 x 1 . Find E(X) and V(X).
2
Q2.
Q3.
Q4.
Q5.
Q7. The joint density function of two random variables X and Y is given by
xy
0 x 1, 1 y 5
f ( x, y ) 96
0 otherwise
Q9. If X and Y are two random variables having the joint density function f ( x, y )
1
2 x y ,
27
where x and y can assume only the integer values 0, 1 and 2. Find the conditional distribution of Y for
X x
Q10. For Geometric distribution p( x) 2 x ; x 1,2,3.... Prove that Chebyshev’s inequality
Q2 A random sample X has mean 50 and variance 100. Use Chebyshev’s inequality to
obtain appropriate bounds for (i) P( X 50 15) (ii) P( X 50 20
Q3 Find the least value of probability P(1 X 7) where X is a r.v. with E(X)=4 and
Var(X)=4
Q4 A distribution with unknown mean µ has variance equal to 1.5 by using Central limit
theorem, how large a sample should be taken in order that the probability will be at least 0.95
that the sample mean will not differ from the population mean by more than 0.5.
Q5. For a distribution the mean is 10, variance is 16, 2 is +1 and 2 is 4. Obtain the first
four moments about the origin, i.e, zero .
Q6. A man with n keys wants to open his door and tries the keys independently and at
random. Find the mean and variance of the number of trials required to open the door (i) if
unsuccessful keys are not eliminated from further selection, and (ii) if they are.
Freq. 7 6 19 35 30 23 7 1 128
Q.9 If random variable X takes the values 0!, 1!, 2!, …….. with probability law
e 1
P( X x!) ; x 0,1,2,...... . Find E(X) if exists.
x!
Q10. Show that The expected value X is equal to the expectation of the conditional expectation of X
given Y. Symbolically , E( X ) E[ E( X Y )]
Question Bank
UNIT-1
(2 Marks)
Q1. Describe a discrete and continuous probability distributions with an example.
Q2. A continuous random variable X has p.d.f f ( x) 3x 2 , 0 x 1. Find a such that
P{ X a} P{ X a}
Q3. A continuous random variable X has p.d.f f ( x) 3x 2 , 0 x 1. Find b such that
P{ X b} 0.05
K .
1
, if x
Q4. A random variable X has density function, f ( x) 1 x 2
0, otherwise
find K
Q5. In throw a pair of dice, if the sum(X) represents a discrete random variable. Then find a
mean (or expected ) value of X.
Q6. If X is a random variable with E(X)=7/2 and E(X2)=91/6. Find value of variance of the
random variable X
Q7. Define a moment generating function (MGF) with an example.
Q8. A die is tossed thrice. A success is “getting 1 or 6” on a toss. Find the variance of the
number of successes.
Q9. If X is a random variable which takes values 1,2,3,4,5,6 each with probability 1/6. Find
value of E(X2).
Q10. Find moment generating function of Gamma distribution.
(10 Marks)
0, x 100
Q1. The life in hours of a certain kind of radio tube has the pdf f(x)= 100
x 2 , x 100.
Find (i) the distribution function F(x) (ii) the probability that the life of tube is 150 hours (iii)
the probability that the life of tube is more than 150 hours
2e2 x x 0
Q2. A random variable X has density function given by f ( x)
0 x0
Find (i) m.g.f (ii) first four moments about origin.
Q3. If X and Y are independent and both are uniformly distributed in the interval from 0 to 1. Find
1
P X Y
2
Q4. The daily consumptions of milk in a city in excess of 20,000 gallons, is approximately
1
distributed as a Gamma variate with the parameters 2 and . The city has a daily
10000
stock of 30,000 gallons. What is the probability that the stock is insufficient on a particular day?
Q5. A man with n keys wants to open his door and tries the keys independently and at random.
Find the mean and variance of the number of trials required to open the door (i) if unsuccessful
keys are not eliminated from further selection, and (ii) if they are.
Q6. (a) Prove that, If B A , then (i) P( A B) P( A) P( B) (ii) P ( B ) P ( A)
Q8. The odds that a book will be favourably reviewed by three independent critics are 5 to
2, 4 to 2 and 3 to 4 respectively. What is the probability that, of the three reviews, a majority
will be favourable?
Q9. A can hit a target 4 times in 5 shots; B 3 times 4 shots ; C twice in 3 shots. They fire a
volley. What is the probability that atleast two shots hit?
Q10. The diameter of an electric cable is assumed to be a continuous variate with pdf f(x) =
6x(1-x), 0 x 1. Verify that the above is p.d.f. Also, find the mean and variance.
Q12. For two events A and B, let P(A)=0.4, P(B)=p and P( A B) 0.6
Q13. An urn containing 10 white and 3 black balls, while another urn contains 3 white and 5 black
balls. Two balls are drawn from the first urn and put into the second urn and then a ball is drawn from
the latter. What is the probability that it is a white ball?
Q14. The probabilities of A, B, C solving a problem are 1/3 , 2/7 and 3/8 respectively. If all the three
try to solve the problem simultaneously, find the probability that exactly one of them will solve it.
X : 8 12 16 20 24
Q16. Five defective bulbs are accidently mixed with twenty good ones. It is not possible to just look
at a bulb and tell whether or not it is defective. Find the probability distribution of the number of
defective bulbs, if four bulbs are drawn at random from this lot.
P( X k ) n C k p k (1 p) n k , k 0, 1, 2 ......, n
Q18. Define (i) Discrete random variable (ii) Continous random variable and (iii) Cumulative
distribution function
2 x, 0 x 1
f ( x)
0 , elsewhere
Q22. Let X be a random variable having density function f(x) =cx, 0≤x≤2 and f(x)=0 elsewhere.
Find (a) value of c (b) P(0.5<X<1.5) (c) P(X>1)(d) distribution function.
0, x 100
Q23. The life in hours of a certain kind of radio tube has the pdf f(x)= 100
x 2 , x 100.
Find (i) the distribution function F(x) (ii) the probability that the life of tube is 150 hours (iii) the
probability that the life of tube is more than 150 hours
Q24. The following tables gives the number of days in a 50 day period during which automobile
accidents occurred in a city
No. of accidents 0 1 2 3 4
No. of days 21 18 7 3 1
Fit a Poisson distribution to the data.
Q25. Define Gamma distribution. Find the limiting form of Gamma distribution.
Q26. Define Poisson distribution. Show that it is limiting form of Binomial distribution.
Q27. Show that for a binomial distribution mean =np, Variance=npq and standard deviation= npq
Q28. The no. of telephone calls arriving on an internal switch board of an office is 90 per hour. Find
the prob. that at the most 1 to 3 calls in a minute on the board arrive.
Q29. A manufacturer who produces medicine bottles, find that 0.1% of the bottles are defectives. The
bottles are packed in boxes containing 500 bottles. A drug manufacturer bys 100 boxes from the producer
of bottles. Using Poisson distribution , find how many boxes will contain:
No defectives (ii) atleast two defectives
Q30. The mean weight of 500 students at certain college is151 lb & the standard deviation is 15 lb.
Assuming that the weights are normally distributed, find how many students weight (a) between 120 &
155 lb , (b) more than 185 lb.
UNIT-2
(2 Marks)
(10 Marks)
2. The following tables gives the number of days in a 50 day period during which
automobile accidents occurred in a city
No. of accidents 0 1 2 3 4
No. of days 21 18 7 3 1
Fit a Poisson distribution to the data
3. Seven coins are tossed and no. of heads are noted .The experiment is repeated 128 times and the
following distribution is obtained.
No.of 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Total
heads
Freq. 7 6 19 35 30 23 7 1 128
4. In a distribution exactly normal, 7% of the the items are under 35 and 89% are under 63. What
are the mean and standard deviation of the distribution?
5. Of a large group of mean, 5% are under 60 inches in height and 40% are between 60 and 65
inches. Assuming a normal a distribution, find the mean and standard deviation of the distribution.
8. In a Normal distribution 31% items are under 45 and 8% items are over 64. Find the mean
value (µ) and standard deviation (σ) of the distribution
9. The life time of electric bulbs for a random sample of 10 from a large consignment gave the
following data:
Item 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Life in 4.2 4.6 3.9 4.1 5.2 3.8 3.9 4.3 4.4 5.6
‘000
hrs
Can we accept the hypothesis that the average life time of bulb is 4000 hrs?
Sample 40 34 22 20 31 40 30 23 36 17
2
Analyse whether the samples have been drawn from the population of equal means.
11. Samples are of two types of electric light bulbs were tested for length of life and following data
were obtained
Sample Means n1 8 n2 7
Is difference in the means sufficient to warrant that type 1 is superior to type II regarding length of life.
12. On an examination in psychology 12 students in one class had a mean grade of 78 with a
standard deviation of 6, while 15 students in another class had a mean grade of 74 with a standard
deviation of 8. Using a significance level of 0.05, determine whether the first group is superior to the
second group.
13. Two random samples are drawn from 2 normal populations are as follows:
A 17 27 18 25 27 29 13 17
B 16 16 20 27 26 25 21
Test whether the samples are drawn from the same normal population.
14. Verify whether Poisson distribution can be assumed from the data given below:
No. of 0 1 2 3 4 5
defects
Frequency 6 13 13 8 4 3
15. From the following table regarding the colour of eyes of fathers and sons test if the colour of
son’s eye is associated with that of the father.
Eye colour of son
Eye colour of father Light Not Light
Light 471 51
Not Light 148 230
16. The household net expenditure on health care in two samples, expressed as percentage of total
income is shown as
South 15.0 8.0 3.8 6.4 27.4 19.0 35.3 13.6
North 18.8 23.1 10.3 8.0 18.0 10.2 15.2 19.0 20.2
Test the equality of variances of households net expenditure on health care in south and north India.
17. A certain stimulus administered to each of the 12 patients resulted in the following increase in
blood pressure
5, 2 , 8 , -1 , 3 , 0 , -2 , 1 , 5 , 0 , 4 and 6
Can it be concluded that the stimulus in general be accompanied by an increase in blood pressure?
20. Records taken of the number of male and female births in 800 families having 4 children
are as follows:
No of male births: 0 1 2 3 4
Test whether the data are consistent with the hypothesis that the binomial law holds and the
chance of male births is equal to that of female birth, namely p=q=1/2.
21. The marks obtained by a group of 9 regular course students and another group of 11
part time course students in a test are given below:
Regular: 56 62 63 54 60 51 67 69 58
Part time:62 70 71 62 60 56 75 64 72 68 66
Examine whether the marks obtained by regular students and part time students differ
significantly at 5% and 1% level of significance.
22. What are the physical conditions of a Poisson distribution? Also show that Poisson
distribution is the limiting form of Binomial distribution.
24. From the following two sample values find out whether they have come from the same
population:
Sample 1: 17 27 18 25 27 29 27 23 17
Sample 2: 16 16 20 16 20 17 15 21
26. An ambulance service company claims that on an average takes 20 minutes between a
call for an ambulance and the patients arrival at the hospital. If in 6 calls the time taken
(Between a call & arrival at hospital) are 27, 18, 26,15, 20, 32. Can the company’s claim be
accepted.
27. 325 men out of 600 chosen from a big city were found to be smokers. Does this
information support the conclusion that the majority of men in the city are smokers.
28. From a box containing 7 red balls ,5 green balls and 3 blue balls. 3 balls are drawn one after the
other. What is the probability of drawing red ball in the first draw, blue ball in the second draw and
green ball in the 3rd draw ?
a). If ball is replaced back after each draw.
b). If ball is not replaced back after each draw
29. A student is given a true false test examination with 8 questions. If he corrects at least 7
questions he passes. Find the probability that he will pass given that he guesses all questions.
30. Samples are of two types of electric light bulbs were tested for length of life and
following data were obtained
Sample No. Type I Type II
Sample Means n1 8 n2 7
Sample S.D’s x1 1234 hrs x2 1036 hrs
Is the difference in the means sufficient to warrant that type 1 is superior to type II
regarding length of life.
UNIT-3
(2 Marks)
1. If joint probability density function f(x,y) of two random variable is given in the interval
(-∞,∞). Then write down the formula of calculating its marginal distribution functions
F(x) and F(y).
2. If joint probability density function f(x,y) of two random variable is given in the interval
(-∞,∞). Then write down the formula of calculating its conditional distribution functions F(x/y)
and F(y/x).
3. If f(x,y)=2; 0<x<1, 0<y<1. Find (i) E(Y/X) (ii) E(Y/X)
4. State Central limit theorem
5. Using Chebyshev’s inequality show that P(IX-2I≤2)>0.5 given that K= 2 ,µ=2 and
2
6. Define the Covariance between two random variables X and Y and what is the
covariance between them if the variables X and Y are independent ?
7. State Chebyshev’s inequality.
8. State weak law of large numbers.
9. Define skewness.
10. Define kurtosis. What are its various types?
(10 Marks)
1. The probability density function of two random variables (X , Y ) is given by
2, 0 x y 1
f ( x, y)
0, elsewhere
Find the conditional mean and variance of X and Y=y
2. Let X be a random variable having density function f(x) =cx, 0≤x≤2 and f(x)=0
elsewhere. Find (a) value of c (b) P(0.5<X<1.5) (c) P(X>1)(d) distribution function
8 xy,0 x y 1
3. Let f ( x, y ) .
0, elsewhere
4. Let X and Y be a random variables having joint density function f(x,y)=4xy, 0≤x≤1,
0≤y≤1 and f(x,y)=0 elsewhere. Find (i) E(X) (ii) E(Y) (iii) E(X+Y) (iv) E(XY).
8 xy,0 x 1, 0 y x
5. Let f ( x, y ) .
0, elsewhere
Find
(i) marginal density of X (ii) marginal density of Y (iii) conditional density of X (iv)
conditional density of Y (v) E(Y X ) (vi) E(Y X x)
6. State and Prove law of large numbers
7. State and prove Chebyshev’s inequality.
8. Given f ( x, y) e( x y ) ; 0 x , 0 y . Find (i) P ( X 1) (ii)
P( X Y X 2Y ) (iii) P(1 X Y 2)
9. The joint density function of a two-dimensional random variable is given by
91 x y
f ( x, y) ; 0 x , 0 y . Find the marginal distributions of X and Y , and
2(1 x) 4 (1 y ) 4
the conditional distribution of Y for X=x.
10. The joint density function of a two-dimensional random variable is given by
2 x y ; 0 x 1, 0 y 1
f ( x, y )
0, elsewhere
Find (i) the marginal density function of X and Y (ii) conditional density function of Y given X x
and of X for given Y y (iii) Var(X) and Var(Y) (iv) Co-variance between X and Y
11. Find Coefficient of Skewness of the following data
No.of 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Total
heads
Freq. 7 6 19 35 30 23 7 1 128
13. Examine whether the weak law of large numbers holds for the sequence { X k } of
independent random variables defined as follows:
P[ X k 2 k ] 2 ( 2 k 1)
P[ X k 0] 1 2 2 k
14. Let X 1 , X 2 ,........, X n be jointly normal with E ( X i ) 0 and E( X i 2 ) 1 for all i and
Cov( X i , X j ) if j i 1 and =0, otherwise. Examine if WLLN holds for the
sequence { X n }.
15. If the variable X p assumes the value 2 p 2 log p with probability 2 p ; p 1,2,......., examine
if the law of large numbers holds in this case.
18. If X and Y are two random variables having the joint density function f ( x, y )
1
2 x y ,
27
where x and y can assume only the integer values 0, 1 and 2. Find the conditional distribution of Y for
X x
22. Calculate the first four moments of the following distribution about the mean and hence
find 1 and 2 .
X: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
F: 1 8 28 36 70 56 28 8 1
23. The first four moments of a distribution about the value 4 of the variable are -1.5, 17,-30
and 108. Find the moments about mean, 1 and 2 .
24. The first four moments of a distribution about the value 5 of the variable are 2, 20, 40
and 50. Find the moments about mean, 1 and 2 .
25. A random sample X has mean 50 and variance 100. Use Chebyshev’s inequality to
obtain appropriate bounds for (i) P( X 50 15) (ii) P( X 50 20
26. Find the least value of probability P(1 X 7) where X is a r.v. with E(X)=4 and
Var(X)=4
27. A distribution with unknown mean µ has variance equal to 1.5 by using Central limit
theorem, how large a sample should be taken in order that the probability will be at least 0.95
that the sample mean will not differ from the population mean by more than 0.5.
28. For a distribution the mean is 10, variance is 16, 2 is +1 and 2 is 4. Obtain the first
four moments about the origin, i.e, zero.
29. If X is the number scored in a throw of a fair die, show that the chebychev’s inequality gives
P X 2.5 0.47 where is mean of X.
A. beta experiment
B. random experiment
C. alpha experiment
D. gamma experiment
Ans B
2. A variable that can assume any possible value between two points is called:
Ans (b) B
A. subjective approach
B. objective approach
C. intuitive approach
D. sample approach
Ans Ar A
4. In probability theories, events which can never occur together are classified as
Ans C C
Ans (c)
6. If X is A discrete random variable and f(x) is the probability of X, then the expected value of
this random variable is equal to:
A. (x – μ) ⁄ σ
B. (x + μ) ⁄ σ
C. x-σ⁄μ
D. x+σ⁄μ
Ans Awer A
A. events
B. composition
C. trials
D. functions
Ans Answer C
A. square root of p
B. square root of pq
C. square root of npq
D. square root of np
Ans CAnswer C
Ans (c)
11. Class of variable which can accept only values from set of integers is classified as
Ans Aswer A
Ans (d)s (
B
13. If C is a constant (non-random variable), then E(C) is:
Ans (d)B
14. Value which is obtained by multiplying possible values of random variable with probability
of occurrence and is equal to weighted average is called
A. discrete value
B. weighted value
C. expected value
D. cumulative value
Ans CAnswer C
(a) Table (b) Graph (c) Mathematical equation (d) All of the above
Ans (d)
16. If value of p is smaller or lesser than 0.5 then binomial distribution is classified as
A. skewed to right
B. skewed to left
C. skewed to infinity
D. skewed to integers
Ans B
Answer A
A. 0.425
B. 0.125
C. 0.225
D. 0.325
Ans A B
A. μ=p+q
B. μ = np
C. μ = pq
D. μ = qn
Ans BAB
Ans D
20. Number of products manufactured in a factory in a day are 3500 and probability that some
pieces are defected is 0.55 then mean of binomial probability distribution is
A. 1925
B. 6364
C. 63.64
D. 3500
Ans B
Ans (a)
22. Total area under the curve of a continuous probability density function· is always equal to:
Ans (b)
A. 0.411
B. 0.311
C. 0.511
D. 0.211
Ans AAnswer A
24. Process in which trials are statistically independent and each trial of event has only two
outcomes is classified as
A. Bernoulli process
B. Bayes process
C. functional process
D. independent limited process
Ans AC
25 A discrete probability function f(x) is always non-negative and always lies between:
(a) 0 and ∞ (b) 0 and 1 (c) -1 and +1 (d) -∞ and +∞
Ans (a)
UNIT-1 (QUIZ-2)
Ans (c)
A. Gaussian distribution
B. Poisson distribution
C. Bernoulli's distribution
D. weighted average distribution
Ans A
28. Probability which explains x is equal to or less than particular value is classified as
A. discrete probability
B. cumulative probability
C. marginal probability
D. continuous probability
Ans B
Ans (c)
30. Types of probability distributions by taking their functions of considerations must include
Ans D
31. Consider probability distribution as standard normal, if value of μ is 75, value of x is 120
with unknown standard deviation of distribution then value of z-statistic
A. will be one
B. will be zero
C. will be negative
D. will be positive
Ans DAnswer D
32. If value of p is 0.60 and value of n is 3 whereas random variable x is equal to 4 then value
of z-score of distribution is
A. 1.59
B. 2.59
C. 2.68
D. 0.59
Ans DAnswer B
33. For a rectangular or uniform distribution, value of interval a is 7 and value of interval b is 8
then value of mean for distribution is
A. 1.33
B. 3.33
C. 2.33
D. 4.33
Ans DAnswer D
Ans (c)
A. 70
B. 50
C. 25
D. 50
Ans C C
36. If value of x is less than μ of standard normal probability distribution then the
A. z-statistic is negative
B. z-statistic is positive
C. f(x) will be even number
D. f(x) will be prime number
Ans AAnswer A
(a) Random sample (b) Random variable (c) Random numbers (d) Random experiment
Ans (b)C
38. Type of continuous distribution in which probability is constant is classified as
A. rectangular distribution
B. square distribution
C. open frequency distribution
D. class frequency distribution
Ans AAnswer A
39. If value of interval a is 4 and value of interval b is 5 then variance of uniform distribution is
A. 6.75
B. 4.75
C. 5.75
D. 0.75
Ans AAnswer A
Ans (c)
Ans AAnswer A
42. Standard normal probability distribution has mean equal to 40, whereas value of random
variable x is 80 and z-statistic is equal to 1.8 then standard deviation of standard normal
probability distribution is
A. 120
B. 80
C. 40
D. 20
Ans DAnswer D
A. x<μ
B. x>μ
C. x=μ
D. all of above
Ans C
Answer C
A. −2.58
B. −1.86
C. −2.34
D. −1.34
Ans DAnswer D
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Neither (a) and (b)
Ans (b)
46. If z-score of normal distribution is 2.5, mean of distribution is 45 and standard deviation of
normal distribution is 3 then value of x for a normal distribution is
A. 97.5
B. 47.5
C. 37.5
D. 67.5
Ans CC
A. 0.4
B. 0.08
C. 0.07
D. 0.04
Ans D D
Ans A
49. The expectation of the product of two independent variables X and Y is equal to:
(a) E(X) E(Y) (b) E(X) ± E(Y) (c) E(X +Y) (d) None of the above
Ans (a)
Ans (b)
Quiz-1 (Unit2)
1. Discrete probability distribution in which outcome is very small with a very small period of
time is classified as
A. posterior distribution
B. cumulative distribution
C. normal distribution
D. Poisson distribution
Ans D
A. 4.8
B. 1.8
C. 2.8
D. 3.8
Ans B
Ans (a)
(a) Less than 10 (b) Less than 5 (c) Equal to 5 (d) More than 5
Ans (b)
(a) Greater than zero (b) Less than zero (c) Equal to zero (d) Not equal to zero
Ans (b)
6. If chances of success in a distribution are 0.68 and number of values in distribution are 4
then mean of Poisson probability distribution is
A. 3.72
B. 1.72
C. 2.72
D. 4.72
Ans C
Ans (b)
Ans A
9. If value of failure in binomial probability distribution is 0.70 and success is 0.30 and number
of values in distribution are 7 then moment coefficient of kurtosis is
A. 0.51
B. 0.18
C. 0.28
D. 0.48
Ans B
Ans A
Ans (b)C
A. p = q +1
B. p=q-1
C. q=1+p
D. q=1–p
Ans DD
Ans BB
14. If all frequencies of classes are same, the value of Chi-square is:
(a) Zero (b) One (c) Infinite (d) All of the above
Ans (a)
15. Value which is used to measure distance between mean and random variable x in terms of
standard deviation is called
A. z-value
B. variance
C. probability of x
D. density function of x
Ans A
16. Type of probability distribution whose standard deviation is one and mean is equal to zero
is classified as
Ans BAnswer B
Ans CC
(a) Parameters (b) Degree of freedom (c) Number of cells (d) Standard deviation
Ans (b)B
19. Probability distribution having shape of bell and in which values of mean lies in center of
probability distribution is classified as
A. continuous distribution
B. normal distribution
C. discrete distribution
D. hyper geometric distribution
Ans BAnswer B
Ans (c)
21. In normal distribution, normal curve becomes more wider and more flatter because of
Ans CAnswer C
A. p > 0.5
B. q > 0.5
C. p < 0.5
D. q < 0.5
Ans AAnswer A
A. 0.0625
B. 0.085
C. 0.0925
D. 0.0725
Ans AA
A. 0.713
B. 0.613
C. 0.513
D. 0.413
E. Ans DD
Ans (d)
27. Paired t-test is applicable when the observations in the two samples are:
(a) Equal in number (b) Paired (c) Correlation (d) All of the above
Ans (d)Answer A
28. The degree of freedom for paired t-test based on n pairs of observations is:
Ans (d)B
A. p increases
B. p decrease
C. q increases
D. q decreases
Ans AAnswer A
30. In an unpaired samples t-test with sample sizes n1= 11 and n2= 11, the value of tabulated t should
be obtained for:
Ans (d)
31. Considering normal distribution, spread is decreased and height of curve is increased for
the
Ans BAnswer B
32. The mean difference between 16 paired observations is 25 and the standard deviation of
differences is 10. The value of statistic-t is:
Ans (b)A
33. Student’s t-distribution has (n-1) d.f. when all the n observations in the sample are:
Ans (b)
35. If in a table all possible values of a random variable are given their corresponding probabilities,
then this table is called as:
(a) Probability density function
(b) Distribution function
(c) Probability distribution
(d) Continuous distribution
Ans (c)
36. Probability of second event in situation if first event has been occurred is classified as
A. series probability
B. conditional probability
C. joint probability
D. dependent probability
Ans B
37. The chance of rejecting a true hypothesis decreases when sample size is:
(a) Decreased (b) Increased (c) Constant (d) Both (a) and (b)
Ans (b)
A. μ=p+q
B. μ = np
C. μ = pq
D. μ = qn
Ans B
39. Number of products manufactured in a factory in a day are 3500 and probability that some
pieces are defected is 0.55 then mean of binomial probability distribution is
A. 1925
B. 6364
C. 63.64
D. 3500
Ans A
(a) Acceptance region (b) Rejection region (c) Confidence region (d) Statistical region
Ans (b)
(a) Type-I error (b) Type-II error (c) Standard error (d) Sampling error
Ans (a)
Ans (c)
43. The choice of one-tailed test and two-tailed test depends upon:
Ans (b)
(a) Simple (b) Composite (c) Null (d) All of the above
Ans (d)
45. The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true is called:
Ans (a)
46. The dividing point between the region where the null hypothesis is rejected and the region
where it is not rejected is said to be:
(a) Critical region (b) Critical value (c) Acceptance region (d) Significant region
Ans (a)
47. If the critical region is located equally in both sides of the sampling distribution of test-
statistic, the test is called:
(a) One tailed (b) Two tailed (c) Right tailed (d) Left tailed
Ans (b)
48. The chi-square test is not very effective if the sample is:
a. small
b. large
c. irregular
d. heterogeneous
ANS: a
Ans (d)
Ans (b)
48.
88
Answer A
Quiz
(Unit3)
A. P(J) * P(K)
B. P(J) + P(K)
C. P(J) * P(K) + P(J-K)
D. P(J) * P(K) - P(J * K)
Ans A
2.
B
Answer A
Ans d.
3.
Ans c
4.
Answer B
Ans C
5.
Ans C
6.
Ans b
6A
7. Which set of data would probably show a strong negative linear correlation?
b) heights volleyball players can jump and the strength of their leg muscles
d) scores on a mathematics test and the number of hours spent studying for it
ANS: A
8. A researcher wishes to find out about the mean of a population. She takes a sample,
calculates the sample mean and works out the 95% confidence interval for the population
mean. Which of the following results would she prefer?
Ans B
9. A larger sample taken from the same population gives a confidence interval (at the
same significance level) which is:
A Narrower
B Wider
Ans A
10. A larger sample mean from a population with the same standard deviation, using the
same sample size and significance level, produces a confidence interval which is:
A Narrower
B Wider
Ans C
11. Using a 98% confidence interval instead of a 95% confidence interval for the same
population and sample, will give a confidence interval which is:
A Narrower
B Wider
Ans B
12. Suppose we have two populations, one with a smaller standard deviation than the
other. We take two samples of the same size, one from each population, and work out a 95%
confidence interval for each mean. The confidence interval for the population with the
smaller standard deviation will be:
A Narrower
B Wider
Ans A
13. A sample of size n is taken from a population which is normally distributed with mean
and standard deviation . Which of the following statements about the sample mean
distribution is true?
2
A Using the Central Limit Theorem, X approximately follows X N ,
n
2
B Using the Central Limit Theorem, X exactly follows X N ,
n
2
C Without using the Central Limit Theorem, X approximately follows X N ,
n
2
D Without using the Central Limit Theorem, X exactly follows X N ,
n
Ans D
14. A sample of size n is taken from a population with an unknown distribution, with mean
and standard deviation . Which of the following statements about the sample mean
distribution is true?
2
A Using the Central Limit Theorem, X approximately follows X N ,
n
2
B Using the Central Limit Theorem, X exactly follows X N ,
n
2
C Without using the Central Limit Theorem, X approximately follows X N ,
n
2
D Without using the Central Limit Theorem, X exactly follows X N ,
n
Ans A
15. A sample of size n is taken from a population which is normally distributed with mean
2
and standard deviation , and X N , is used for the sample mean distribution.
n
For which of the following sample sizes is this valid?
A n=5
B n =15
C n = 50
Ans D
16. A sample of size n is taken from a population which has an unknown distribution with
2
mean and standard deviation , and X N , is used for the sample mean
n
distribution. For which of the following sample sizes is this valid?
A n=5
B n =15
C n = 50
Ans C
Answer D
17. The theorem which states that as the sample size increases the sampling
distribution must approach the normal distribution is classified as
18. The conditions such as large sample size to represent population and
samples must be drawn randomly are included in
Ans A
19. The measures in sampling that are results of sample analyses are called
A. inferential statistics
B. sample statistics
C. population statistics
D. population variability
Ans B C
21. If for a distribution the difference of first quartile and median is greater than
difference of median and third quartile then the distribution is classified as
22. The statistical measures such as average deviation, standard deviation and
mean are classified as part of
A. deciles system
B. moment system
C. percentile system
D. quartile system
Ans B
A. first moment
B. third moment
C. second moment
D. fourth moment
Ans B
24. The kurtosis defines the peakness of the curve in the region which is
Ans A
A. lower tail
B. median tail
C. variance tail
D. upper tail
Ans A
26. In kurtosis, the beta is greater than three and quartile range is preferred for
A. mesokurtic distribution
B. mega curve distribution
C. leptokurtic distribution
D. platykurtic distribution
Ans D
A. mean+mode
B. mean-mode
C. mean+median
D. mean-median
Ans B
28. For the Karl Pearson's skewness coefficient the value of skewness must be in
limits
A. ±3
B. ±5
C. ±4
D. ±2
Ans A
Ans D
A. unifying momentum
B. momentum summary
C. moments
D. momentum
Ans C
31. If for a distribution the difference of first quartile and median is less than
difference of median and third quartile then the distribution is classified as
A. negatively skewed
B. not skewed at all
C. absolute open ended
D. positively skewed
Ans A
Ans C
33. Considering the mean, mode and skewness of data, the value of skewness
will be positive if
A. mean<median
B. mean>median
C. mean>mode
D. mean
Ans D
34. In kurtosis, the frequency curve that has flatten top than normal curve of
bell shaped distribution is classified as
A. leptokurtic
B. platykurtic
C. mega curve
D. mesokurtic
Ans B
35. Consider a set of observations whose mean is 14 and the mode of the same
set of observations is 12 then the values of skewness around central value are
A. 2
B. 26
C. 1.667
D. 168
Ans A
A. non concentrated
B. open ended
C. close ended
D. concentrated
Ans B
A. 23
B. 7
C. 13
D. 43
Ans A
38. Considering the mean, mode and skewness of data, the value of skewness
will be negative if
A. mean>mode
B. mean<mode
C. mean<median
D. mean>median
Ans B
39. In kurtosis, the beta is less than three and median is preferred as central
tendency for
A. leptokurtic distribution
B. platykurtic distribution
C. mesokurtic distribution
D. mega curve distribution
Ans AAnswer C
Ans DAnswer A
41. Theorem which states that as sample size increases sampling distribution
must approach normal distribution is classified as
A. limited approximation theorem
B. secondary limit theorem
C. primary limit theorem
D. central limit theorem
Ans D
43. If the median is 12, mean is 15 and the standard deviation of data is 3 then
Karl Pearson's coefficient of skewness is
A. 17
B. 27
C. 15
D. 3
Ans D
44. The moment about mean which is indication of flatness of frequency curve
is classified as
A. third moment
B. second moment
C. first moment
D. fourth moment
Ans D
45. The upper and lower boundaries of interval of confidence are classified as
46. If the value of p is smaller or lesser than 0.5 then the binomial distribution
is classified as
A. skewed to right
B. skewed to left
C. skewed to infinity
D. skewed to integers
Ans A
A. 0.467
B. 0.167
C. 0.267
D. 0.367
Ans B
48. The demand of products per day for three days are 21, 19, 22 units and
their respective probabilities are 0.29, 0.40, 0.35. The profit per unit is $0.50 then
the expected profits for three days are
A. 21, 19, 22
B. 21.5, 19.5, 22.5
C. 0.29, 0.40, 0.35
D. 3.045, 3.8, 3.85
Ans D
A. profit of product
B. loss of profit
C. cumulative average
D. weighted average
Ans A