OBJECTIVE:To find out population and building to population ration in each cell.

INTRODUCTION:
DISTRICT:Faisalabad District is one of the districts of Punjabprovince, Pakistan. After the
independence of Pakistan in 1947, the Muslim refugees from Eastern Punjab and Haryana settled in
the Faisalabad District. Faisalabad district is Initially a part of Jhang District, it gained the status of a
separate district in 1904.. In 1982 Toba Tek Singh District until then a tehsil of Faisalabad was
created as a separate district from Faisalabad. As of 2006 it is a city district consisting of the city
of Faisalabad. The total area of Faisalabad District is 5,856 km2. According to the 2017 census of
Pakistan it had a population of 7.874 million.

INHABITED LAND:
One that occupies a particular place regularly, routinely, or for a period of time OR to live or dwell
in a place (houses and building), as people or animals e.g.: Small animals inhabitedin the woods. In
this assignment we have counted the population of Faisalabad district by joining different inhabited
land layers in Arc Gis. There are seven types of building available in Faisalabad district and those
are:
1. Brick masonry buildings M5
2. Adobe masonry buildings M2
3. Reinforced concrete buildings RC1
4. Concrete block masonry buildings M8
5. Wood/bamboo reinforced masonry buildings M7
6. Stone masonry buildings M1
7. Other masonry buildings OO

BRICK MASONRY BUILDINGS(M5):

An brick masonry building is a type of building where load bearing walls, non-load bearing
walls or other structures, such as chimneys, are made of brick, cinderblock, tiles, adobe or
other masonry material that is not braced by reinforcing material, such as rebar in a concrete
or cinderblock. The term is used in earthquake engineering as a classification of certain
structures for earthquake safety purposes, and is subject to minor variation from place to
place.

ADOBE MASONRY BUILDING (M2):

Adobea heavy clay soil used to make sun-dried bricks. Adobe is a mixture of clay, sand, and
silt with good plastic qualities that will dry to a hard uniform mass.In dry climates, adobe
structures are extremely durable, and account for some of the oldest existing buildings in the
world. Adobe buildings offer significant advantages due to their greater thermal mass, but
they are known to be particularly susceptible to earthquake damage if they are not somehow
reinforced.
REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDINGS (RC1):
Reinforced concrete also called reinforced cement concrete or RCCis a composite material in
which concrete's relatively low tensile strength and ductility are counteracted by the inclusion of
reinforcement having higher tensile strength or ductility. The reinforcement is usually, though not
necessarily, steel reinforcing bars (rebar) and is usually embedded passively in the concrete before
the concrete sets. Reinforcing schemes are generally designed to resist tensile stresses in particular
regions of the concrete that might cause unacceptable cracking and/or structural failure.

CONCRETE BLOCK MASONARY BUILDING (M8):

Concrete block masonry buildings are made from Concrete blocks and these blocks are made
from cast concrete e.g. Portland cement and aggregate, usually sand and fine gravel, for high-density
blocks. Lower density blocks may use industrial wastes, such as fly ash or bottom ash as an
aggregate. Lightweight blocks can also be produced using autoclaved aerated concrete. Blocks usually
come in modular sizes, with the most popular typically referred to by their thickness as "4-inch", "6-
inch", "8-inch", and "12-inch".
WOOD/BAMBOO REINFORCED MASONRY BUILDINGS (M7):
Bamboo is the fastest growing, renewable natural resource known to us. It is a small wonder, therefore,
that this material was used for building extensively by our ancestors. Bamboo being a natural material
has its disadvantages like infection by insects and fungi, poor fire-resistance. Bamboo used in the
construction industry can be either in the form of full culms or splits. Boards and mats are also made
from bamboo for building. Bamboo is maybe used as any one of the following building components such
as Foundations, Framing,Scaffolding,Flooring, Walls, Roof and Trusses.

STONE MASONRY BUILDINGS (M1):

The craft of stonemasonry involves creating buildings, structures, and sculpture using stone from
the earth, and is one of the oldest trades in human history. These materials have been used
to construct many of the long-lasting, ancient monuments, artifacts, cathedrals, and cities in a wide
variety of cultures. Famous works of stonemasonry include the Egyptian Pyramids, the Taj
Mahal, Cusco's Incan Wall, Easter Island's statues etc.
OTHER MASONRY BUILDINGS (OO):
There are many other types of masonry which are used for building construction which are defined
below:

HOLLOW MASONRY WALL:

Walls constructed with an air space within the masonry, termed hollow or cavity walls, are
commonly used in modern building construction as a means of protecting the wall against rain
passing through it, and enhancing the thermal insulation of the wall.
An exterior wall, usually consisting of an outer and inner Wythe separated by a continuous air
space, but connected together by wire or sheet-metal ties. The dead air space provides improved
thermal insulation.

COMPOSITE MASONRY WALL:

These walls are constructed with two or more units such as stones or bricks and hollow bricks. This
type of masonry wall construction is done for better appearance with economy. In composite
masonry walls, two Wythe’s of masonry units are constructed bonding with each other. While one
Wythe can be brick or stone masonry while the other can be hollow bricks. A Wythe is a continuous
vertical section of masonry one unit in thickness.

These Wythe’s are interconnected either by horizontal joint reinforcement or by using steel ties.
POST-TENSIONED MASONRY WALL:
Post-tensioned masonry walls are constructed to strengthen the masonry walls against the forces
that may induce tension in the wall such as earthquake forces or wind forces. These walls are
constructed from the foundation level and post-tensioning rods are anchored into the foundation.
These rods are run vertically between the Wythe’s or in the core of concrete masonry units.

After the masonry wall construction is completed and cured, these rods are tensioned and anchored
on the steel place at the top of the wall.

INPUT:
Population
No of buildings (for all building types)
Building to population ratio
POPULATION (Compulsory field)
TOTAL_BLD (Compulsory field)

METHODOLOGY:
The software used for this objective is ARC GIS asit provides some basic tools for map viewing,
printing and querying of spatial data. ArcMap is the main component of ArcGIS suite of geospatial
processing programs, and is used primarily to view, edit, create, and analyze geospatial data.
ArcMap allows exploring data within a data set, symbolizing features accordingly, and creating
maps. It also allows working on layers.In this we separate the Faisalabad layer from the map of
Pakistan and import it in ARC GIS software. Then with the base map of Faisalabad district
inhabitant land is marked with the help of polygon feature of software. Layers are then spatially
joined.In the next step number of buildings of each building type is put in field table and population
living in those building (by dividing them by 1000).
OUTPUT:

The final file obtained in ARC GIS is database of Faisalabad District which is in the format of shape
file. The database obtained is used in Eller software, this database is important to find out the
building damage through Eller.