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SITE PLANNING
PLANNING THE NATURAL FACTORS

WILDLIFE:
Wildlife, like soil, is another component of Site Planning that is least studied
by architects. What architects only need to remember is that any site
contains a form of wildlife that needs to figure in the decision making. For
example, in UP Diliman, there exists King Cobras, which feeds on rats and
rodents on campus. If their habitat is disturbed, they might feed on humans.

Wildlife relates closely to habitats provided by plant communities. The three

groups of habitat elements essential to the different species of wildlife to
remember:
1. Openland Wildlife – includes birds and mammals commonly associated
with crop fields, meadows, pastures, and non-forested lands. Habitat
elements essential for openland wildlife include:
a. Grain and seed crops
b. Grasses and legumes
c. Wild herbaceous upland plants
d. Hardwood woody plants
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PLANNING THE NATURAL FACTORS

WILDLIFE:

2. Woodland Wildlife – These species need various combinations of:

a. Grasses and legumes
b. Wild herbaceous upland plants
c. Hardwood woody plants
d. Cone-bearing shrubs such as pines.

3. Wetland Wildlife – wetland species include birds and mammals needing

habitats with:
a. Wetland food plants or wild herbaceous plants of moist to wet
sites, excluding submerged or floating aquatic plants;
b. Shallow water development with water impoundments not deeper
than 5 ft.;
c. Excavated ponds with ample supply of water at least one acre and
average 6ft depth.
d. streams
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SITE PLANNING
PLANNING THE NATURAL FACTORS

CLIMATE:

Early 2007 saw record-breaking extreme weather: U.N.

By Laura MacInnis Tue Aug 7, 2007, 9:57 AM ET

GENEVA (Reuters) - The world experienced a series of record-breaking weather events in

early 2007, from flooding in Asia to heatwaves in Europe and snowfall in South Africa, the
United Nations weather agency said on Tuesday.

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) said global land surface temperatures in
January and April were likely the warmest since records began in 1880, at more than 1
degree Celsius higher than average for those months.

There have also been severe monsoon floods across South Asia, abnormally heavy rains in
northern Europe, China, Sudan, Mozambique and Uruguay, extreme heatwaves in
southeastern Europe and Russia, and unusual snowfall in South Africa and South America
this year, the WMO said.

SITE PLANNING
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SITE PLANNING
PLANNING THE NATURAL FACTORS

CLIMATE:

Climates can be generally classified into four types: COLD, TEMPERATE,

HOT ARID and HOT HUMID. In each, a site should be investigated in terms of:

a. Solar orientation
for buildings;

b. The best facing

slopes; and

c. Wind flows for

breezes.

SITE PLANNING
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SITE PLANNING
PLANNING THE NATURAL FACTORS

CLIMATE:

Solar orientation

SITE PLANNING
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SITE PLANNING
PLANNING THE NATURAL FACTORS

CLIMATE:

Best facing slopes

Temperatures vary with elevation – The more perpendicular a slope is

by about 3 deg for every 1000 ft. to the rays of the sun, the warmer
(300m) in the daytime. the surface temperature.

SITE PLANNING
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SITE PLANNING
PLANNING THE NATURAL FACTORS

CLIMATE:

Wind flows

Abrupt forms cause unpleasant Smooth forms induce smooth

air turbulence. flow of air.

SITE PLANNING
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PLANNING THE NATURAL FACTORS

SITE PLANNING CONCEPT USING NATURAL FACTORS:

PASSIVE COOLING – the technology of cooling spaces

through proper siting of structure and use of energy-efficient
materials, with the overall objective of energy conservation.
• Solar Orientation
• Altitude
• Topography
• Vegetation

• Water Bodies

SITE PLANNING