ASP NET Interview Questions

What is the difference between login controls and Forms authentication?
 Forms authentication can be easily implemented using login controls

without writing any code.
 Login control performs functions like prompting for user credentials,
validating them and issuing authentication just as the FormsAuthentication
class.
 However, all that’s needs to be dne is to drag and drop the use control from
the tool box to have these checks performed implicitly.
 The FormsAuthentication class is used in the background for the
authentication ticket and ASP.NET membership is used to validate the user
credentials.
Cache types in ASP.Net
1. Page Output caching [Output caching ]

2. Fragment caching [Output caching ]
3. Data Caching
Page output caching
Before starting Page Output caching we need to know the compilation

process of a page, because based on the generation of page we should able
to understand why should we used caching . ASPX Page compiled in two
stage process. First, the code is compiled into the Microsoft Intermediate
Language (MSIL). Then, the MSIL is compiled into native code (by JIT
Compiler ) during execution. and entire code in an ASP.NET Web page is
compiled into MSIL when we built the sites , but at the time of execution
only the portion of MSIL Converted to native code which is need by user or
user request, which also improve performance.
Now what ever we are getting , if there is some page which change
frequently JIT need compile every time. So, We can use Page output for
those page which content are relatively static. So rather than generating
the page on each user request we can cached the page using Page output
caching so that it can be access from cache itself. so, Instead of pages can
be generated once and then cached for subsequent fetches.Page output
caching allows the entire content of a given page to be stored in the cache.
The first request is generated page is been cached and for same page
request page should be retrieve from cache itself rather that regenerating
the page.
For Output caching , OutputCache directive can be added to any ASP.NET

page, specifying the duration (in seconds) that the page should be cached.
The code.
<%@ Page Language="C#" %>

<%@ OutputCache Duration='300' VaryByParam='none' %>
<html>
<script runat="server">
protected void Page_Load(Object sender, EventArgs e) {
lbl_msg.Text = DateTime.Now.ToString();
}
</script>
<body>
<h3>Output Cache example</h3>
<p>Page generated on:
<asp:label id="lbl_msg" runat="server"/></p>
</body>
</html>
void Page_Load(Object sender, EventArgs e) {

Response.Cache.SetExpires(DateTime.Now.AddSeconds(360));
Response.Cache.SetCacheability(
HttpCacheability.Public);
Response.Cache.SetSlidingExpiration(true);
_msg.Text = DateTime.Now.ToString();
}
<%@ OutputCache Duration="40" VaryByParam="*" %>

All the attributes that we specify
in an OutputCache directive are used to populate an instance of the
System.Web.HttpCachePolicy class by calling. The complete
implementation of cache policies provided by ASP.NET is encapsulated in
the HttpCachePolicy class. Following is the another implementation of
caching from code behind.
Output Caching Location:

As I have already mention We can store cached data in different location
like client, server or in between client and server , Now I am going to
discuss how this is feasible to set location of cached data. If we store the
cached data it save the page rendering time by fetching the data from
catch. There is another way that we can save cached data on client browser
, which reduce the network traffic. OutputCache directive on a page
enables all three types of caching—server, client, and proxy—by default.
Following Table shown you the Location details . It show the location of
cached and what should be the effects on Cache-Control and Expires
Header.
For example, if you specified a value of 'Client' for the Location attribute of
an OutputCache directive on a page, the page would not be saved in the
server cache, but the response would include a Cache-Control header (
Pages can indicate whether they should be cached on a proxy by using the
Cache-Control header.) value of private and an Expires header (HTTP
response, indicating the date and time after which the page should be
retrieved from the server again ) with a timestamp set to the time indicated
by the Duration attribute
<%@ OutputCache Duration='120' Location='Client' VaryByParam='none'

%>
Fragment Cache
ASP.NET provides a mechanism for caching portions of pages, called page

fragment caching. To cache a portion of a page, you must first encapsulate
the portion of the page you want to cache into a user control. In the user
control source file, add an OutputCache directive specifying the Duration
and VaryByParam attributes. When that user control is loaded into a page
at runtime, it is cached, and all subsequent pages that reference that same
user control will retrieve it from the cache.
<!— UserControl.ascx —>
<%@ OutputCache Duration='60'

VaryByParam='none' %>
<%@ Control Language="'C#'" %>
<script runat="server">
protected void Page_Load(Object src, EventArgs e)
{
_date.Text = "User control generated at " +
DateTime.Now.ToString();
}
</script>
<asp:Label id='_date' runat="'server'" />
Here I have user caching on user control, so when ever we used in a page ,
only partial page will be cached.
Data Cache
Data Cache is used to storing frequently used data in the Cache memory. It's
much efficient to retrieve data from the data cache instead of database or other
sources. We need use System.Web.Caching namespace. The scope of the data
caching is within the application domain unlike "session". Every user can able to
access this objects.
ASP.NET page lifespan
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When the browser requests a page from the web server, the browser and the
web server make a connection that last long enough to process that particular
request. After the web server has rendered a page to the browser, the connection
is terminated. A subsequent request to the same web server for the same page is
processed as a new request.
When the user requests an ASP.NET web page, a new instance of the page is
created. The page performs its processing, renders markup to the browser, and is
then discarded. If the user clicks a button to perform a postback, a new instance
of the page is created, the page performs its processing, and is again discarded.
Thus, each postback and round trip results in a new instance of the page.
What is Fragment Caching in ASP.NET?
Latest answer: Fragment caching refers to the caching of individual user controls
within a Web Form. Each user control can have independent cache durations and
implementations of how the caching behavior is to be applied.............
Read answer
What is partial classess in .net?
Latest answer: Partial classes allow us to divide the class definition into multiple
files (physically). Logically, all the partial classes are treated as a single file by the
compiler............
Read answer
Explain how to pass a querystring from an .asp page to aspx page.
Latest answer: FromHTMLinasppage:<ahref="abc.aspx?qstring1=test">Test

Query String</a>
From server side code: <%response.redirect "webform1.aspx?id=11"%>...............
Describe how Passport authentication works.
ASP.NET application with Passport authentication implemented checks the user’s

machine for a current passport authentication cookie. If it is not available,
ASP.NET directs the user to a Passport sign-on page. The Passport service
authenticates the user, stores an authentication cookie on the user’s computer
and direct the user to the requested page.
Explain the steps to be followed to use Passport authentication.
1. Install the Passport SDK.

2. Set the application’s authentication mode to Passport in Web.config.
3. Set authorization to deny unauthenticated users.
3. Use the PassportAuthentication_OnAuthenticate event to access the user’s
Passport profile to identify and authorize the user.
4. Implement a sign-out procedure to remove Passport cookies from the user’s
machine.
Explain the advantages of Passport authentication.
User doesn’t have to remember separate user names and passwords for various
Web sites
User can maintain his or her profile information in a single location.
Passport authentication also avail access to various Microsoft services, such as
Passport Express Purchase.
What is caching?
Caching is the technique of storing frequently used items in memory so that they
can be accessed more quickly.
By caching the response, the request is served from the response already stored
in memory.
It’s important to choose the items to cache wisely as Caching incurs overhead.
A Web form that is frequently used and does not contain data that frequently
changes is good for caching.
A cached web form freezes form’s server-side content and changes to that
content do not appear until the cache is refreshed.
Explain the use of duration attribute of @OutputCache page directive.
The @OutputCache directive’s Duration attribute determines how long the page
is cached.
If the duration attribute is set to 60 seconds, the Web form is cached for 60
seconds; the server loads the response in memory and retains that response for
60 seconds.
Any requests during that time receive the cached response.
Once the cache duration has expired, the next request generates a new response
and cached for another 60 seconds.
What is a ViewState?
Latest answer: Viewstate is used to maintain or retain values on postback. It helps

in preserving a page. Viewstate is internally maintained as a hidden field in
encrypted form along with a key...........
 If a site happens to not maintain a ViewState, then if a user has entered

some information in a large form with many input fields and the page is
refreshes, then the values filled up in the form are lost.
 The same situation can also occur on submitting the form. If the validations
return an error, the user has to refill the form.
 Thus, submitting a form clears up all form values as the site does not
maintain any state called ViewState.
 In ASP .NET, the ViewState of a form is maintained with a built-in state
management technique keeps the state of the controls during subsequent
postbacks by a particular user.
 The ViewState indicates the status of the page when submitted to the
server. The status is defined through a hidden field placed on each page
with a <form runat="server"> control.
<input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATE" value="CareerRide">
 The ViewState option can be disabled by including the directive <%@ Page
EnableViewState="false"%> at the top of an .aspx page
 If a ViewState of a certain control has to be disabled, then set
EnableViewState="false".
ASP.NET - What is ViewState? Explain its benefits and limitations - May 08, 2009
at 17:40 PM by Shuchi Gauri
What is ViewState? Explain its benefits and limitations.
Viewstate is used to maintain or retain values on postback. It helps in preserving a

page. Viewstate is internally maintained as a hidden field in encrypted form along
with a key.
Advantages:
i) No server resources.
ii) Viewstate ensures security because it stores the data in encrypted format.
iii) Viewstates are simple. They are used by enabling or disabling the viewstate
properties.
iv) It is based on the wish of developer that they want to implement it at the page
level or at control level.
Disadvantages:
i) If large amount of data is stored on the page, then page load might cause a
problem.
ii) Does not track across pages. Viewstate information does not automatically
transfer from page to page.
Read answer
What is the difference between src and Code-Behind?
Latest answer: Src: is a way mention the name of the code-behind class to
dynamically compile on the request for a page. ...............
Src: is a way mention the name of the code-behind class to dynamically compile
on the request for a page.
Code-behind: is the logic written behind the UI design file. It specifies the name of
the compiled file that contains the class. Code-behind attribute is only used
for.Net.
Read answer
What is the difference between URL and URI?
Latest answer: URI - Uniform Resource Identifier: it’s a string and its responsibility
is to identify a resource by meta-information. It gives information about only one
resource............
URI - Uniform Resource Identifier: it’s a string and its responsibility is to identify a
resource by meta-information. It gives information about only one resource.
URL - Uniform Resource Locator: identifies the resource on the net and tells it is
obtainable using what protocols
Read answer
What is the Pre-Compilation feature of ASP.NET 2.0?
Latest answer: It is a process where things that can be handled before

compilation are prepared in order to reduce the deployment time, response time,
increase safety. It’s main aim to boost performance.............
It is a process where things that can be handled before compilation are prepared
in order to reduce the deployment time, response time, increase safety. Itâ€™s
main aim to boost performance.
It also helps in informing about the compilation failures.
During development, it allows you to make changes to the web pages and reuse it
using the same web browser to validate the changes without compiling the entire
website.
During deployment, it generates the entire website folder structure in the

destination. All the static files are copied to the folder and bin directory would
later on contain the compiled dll.
Read answer
How can we create custom controls in ASP.NET?
Latest answer: Custom controls are user defined controls. They can be created by
grouping existing controls, by deriving the control from
System.Web.UI.WebControls..........
Custom controls are user defined controls. They can be created by grouping existing controls, by deriving the control
from System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebControl or by enhancing the functionality of any other custom control. Custom
controls are complied into DLLâ€™s and thus can be referenced by as any other web server control.
Basic steps to create a Custom control:
1. Create Control Library

2. Write the appropriate code
3. Compile the control library
4. Copy to the DLL of the control library to the project where this control needs to be used
5. The custom control can then be registered on the webpage as any user control through the @Register tag.
Read answer
What is an application domain?
Latest answer: An operating system process can have many ongoing application
domains. Application Domains keep an application separate. All objects created
within the same application scope are created within the same application
domain...........
Read answer
Explain the two different types of remote object creation mode in .NET. [Hint
SAO and CAO]
Latest answer: SAO Server Activated Object (call mode): lasts the lifetime of the
server. They are activated as SingleCall/Singleton objects. It makes objects
stateless...........
Read answer
Describe SAO architecture of Remoting.
Latest answer: Remoting has at least three sections:-
1. Server
2. Client: This connects to the hosted remoting object
3. Common Interface between client and the server .i.e. the channel..........
Read answer
Explain Singleton architecture of Remoting.
Latest answer: Singleton architecture is to be used when all the applications have
to use or share same data...........
Read answer
Define LeaseTime, SponsorshipTime, RenewOnCallTime, LeaseManagePollTime.
Latest answer: The LeaseTime property protects the object so that the garbage
collector does not destroy it as remoting objects are beyond the scope of the
garbage collector. Every object created has a default leasetime for which it will be
activated..........
Read answer
Briefly explain how to specify remoting parameters using config files.
Latest answer: The remoting parameters can be specified through both

programming and in config files. All the settings defined in config files are placed
under <system.runtime.remoting>...........
Read answer
What is marshalling? Explain types of marshalling.
Latest answer: Marshaling is a process of transforming or serializing data from

one application domain and exporting it to another application domain...........
Read answer
What is ObjRef object in remoting?
Latest answer: ObjRef is a searializable object returned by Marshal() that knows

about location of the remote object, host name, port number, and object
name........
Read answer
Explain the steps of acquiring a proxy object in web services.
Latest answer: Every service listed has a URI pointing to the service's DISCO or
WSDL document, which is needed to access the webservice and its 'webmethod"
methods..........
Read answer
Explain the steps to create a web services and consume it.
Latest answer: Create a new website by selecting "ASP.NET Web Site" and giving
it a suitable name. service.cs file appears inside the solution with a default
webmethod named as "HelloWorld()"........
Read answer
Explain the difference between cache object and application object.
Latest answer: Application Object: Application variable/object stores an Object

with a scope of availability of the entire Application unless explicitly
destroyed.............
Read answer
What is Cache Callback in Cache?

Latest answer: The cache object has dependencies e.g. relationships to the file it
stores. Cache items remove the object when these dependencies change. As a
work around we would need to simply execute a callback method............
Read answer
What is Scavenging?
Latest answer: A process where items are removed from cache in order to free
the memory based on their priority. A property called "CacheItemPriority" is used
to figure out the priority of each item inside the cache...........
Read answer
Explain the types of Caching using Cache object of ASP.NET.
Latest answer: Page output: Is used to fetch information or data at page level. It is
best used when the site is mainly static. Used by declaring the output page
directive............
Read answer
Show with an example how to Cache different version of same page using
ASP.NET Cache object.
Latest answer: The ways to cache different versions on the same page using
ASP.NET cache object is using OutputCache object............
Read answer
Explain how to implement Fragment Cache.
Latest answer: Fragment cache is to store user controls individually within a web
form in cache instead of the whole webform as such. The idea is to simply have
different cache parameters for different user controls.............
Read answer
Explain the various modes of storing ASP.NET session.
Latest answer: Types of sessions: InProc: The default way to use sessions. InProc
is the fastest way to store and access sessions...........
Read answer
What are the benefits and limitations of using hidden fields?
Latest answer: Advantages: Easy to implement, Hidden fields are supported by all
browsers, Enables faster access of information because data is stored on client
side............
Read answer
What are the benefits and limitations of using Hidden Frames?
Latest answer: Advantages: Hidden frames allow you to cache more than one
data field, The ability to cache and access data items stored in different hidden
forms...........
Read answer
What are benefits and limitations of using Cookies?
Latest answer: Advantages: They are simple to use. Light in size, thus occupy less
memory. Stores server information on client side. Data need not to be sent back
to server........
Read answer
What is QueryString and what are benefits and limitations of using querystring?
Latest answer: Querystring is way to transfer information from one page to

another through the URL........
Read answer
What is Absolute and Sliding expiration in .NET?
Latest answer: Absolute and sliding expiration are two Time based expiration
strategies. Absolute Expiration: Cache in this case expires at a fixed specified date
or time..............
Read answer
Explain the concepts and capabilities of cross page posting.
Latest answer: Cross-page posting is done at the control level. It is possible to

create a page that posts to different pages depending on what button the user
clicks on. It is handled by done by changing the postbackurl property of the
controls..........
Read answer
Explain how to access ViewState value of this page in the next page.
Latest answer: PreviousPage property is set to the page property of the nest page
to access the viewstate value of the page in the next page. Page poster =
this.PreviousPage;..........
Read answer
What is SQL Cache Dependency in ASP.NET?
Latest answer: SQL Cache Dependency in ASP.NET: It is the mechanism where the
cache object gets invalidated when the related data or the related resource is
modified.........
Read answer
Explain the concepts of Post Cache Substitution in .NET
Latest answer: Post Cache Substitution: It works opposite to fragment caching.

The entire page is cached, except what is to be kept dynamic. When
[OutputCache] attribute is used, the page is cached............
Read answer
Explain the use of localization and Globalization.
Latest answer: Users of different countries, use different languages and others
settings like currency, and dates. Therefore, applications are needed to be
configurable as per the required settings based on cultures, regions,
countries........
Read answer
Explain the concepts of CODE Page approach. What are the disadvantages of
this approach?
Latest answer: Code Page was used before Unicode came into existence. It was a
technique to represent characters in different languages..........
Read answer
What are resource files and explain how do we generate resource files?
Latest answer: Resource files are files in XML format. They contain all the
resources needed by an application. These files can be used to store string,
bitmaps, icons, fonts........
Read answer
What are Satellite assemblies and how to generate Satellite assemblies?
Latest answer: To support the feature of multiple languages, we need to create

different modules that are customized on the basis of localization. These
assemblies created on the basis of different modules are knows as satellite
assemblies...........
Read answer
Define AL.EXE and RESGEN.EXE.
Latest answer: Al.exe: It embeds the resources into a satellite assembly. It takes
the resources in .resources binary format.......
Read answer
Explain the concepts of resource manager class.
Latest answer: ResourceManager class: It provides convenient access to

resources that are culture-correct. The access is provided at run time.........
Read answer
What is Windows communication foundation, WCF?
Latest answer: WCF is a framework that builds applications that can inter-
communicate based on service oriented architecture consuming secure and
reliable web services.............
Read answer
Explain the important principle of SOA.
Latest answer: A service-oriented architecture is collection of services which

communicate with one another other......
Read answer
Explain the components of WCF - Service class, Hosting environment, END point.
Latest answer: WCF Service is composed of three components: Service class: It

implements the service needed, Host environment: is an environment that hosts
the developed service.............
Read answer
Difference between WCF and Web Services.
Latest answer: WCF can create services similar in concept to ASMX, but has much
more capabilities. WCF is much more efficient than ASP.Net coz it is implemented
on pipeline............
Read answer
What are different bindings supported by WCF?
Latest answer: BasicHttpBinding, WSHttpBinding, WSDualHttpBinding.......

Read answer
What is duplex contract in WCF?
Latest answer: Duplex contract: It enables clients and servers to communicate

with each other. The calls can be initiated independently of the other one.............
Read answer
Explain the different transaction isolation levels in WCF.
Latest answer: Read Uncommitted: - Also known as Dirty isolation level. It makes
sure that corrupt Data cannot be read. This is the lowest isolation level............
Read answer
What are Volatile and Dead letter queues?
Latest answer: Volatile Queues: There are scenarios in the project when you want
the message to deliver in proper time. The timely delivery of message is very
more important and to ensure they are not lost is important too. Volatile queues
are used for such purposes.............
Read answer
What is Windows workflow foundation?

Latest answer: Windows Workflow Foundation (WF): It is a platform for building,
managing and executing workflow-enabled applications, for designing and
implementing a programming model ..........
Read answer
Explain the types of Workflow in Windows Workflow Foundation.
Latest answer: There are 3 types of workflows in WWF: Sequential Workflow: The
sequential workflow style executes a set of contained activities in order, one by
one and does not provide an option to go back to any step...........
Read answer
What are XOML files? Explain their uses.
Latest answer: XOML is an acronym for Extensible Object Markup Language.

XOML files are the markup files. They are used to declare the workflow and are
then compiled with the file containing the implementation logic..............
Read answer
How to make an application offline in ASP.NET 2.0.
Latest answer: Microsoft's Internet Information Services web server software is

used to make an application offline. The IIS is instructed to route all incoming
requests for the web site to another URL automatically........
Read answer
What are script injection attacks?
Latest answer: Script injection attacks called Cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks
exploit vulnerabilities in Web page validation by injecting client-side script
code.............
Read answer
What is Authentication in ASP.NET?
Latest answer: Authentication is the process of verifying user’s details and find if
the user is a valid user to the system or not. This process of authentication is
needed to provide authority to the user........
Read answer
What is Authorization in ASP.NET?
Latest answer: Authorization is a process that takes place based on the

authentication of the user. Once authenticated, based on user’s credentials, it is
determined what rights des a user have...........
Read answer
What is the difference between login controls and Forms authentication?
Login controls are part of ASP. Net’s UI controls collection which allows users to
enter their username and password to login to a website/application. They
provide login solution without the need of writing code...........
Read answer
What is Fragment Caching in ASP.NET?
Fragment caching does not cache a WebForm, rather it allows for caching of
individual user controls within a Web Form, where each control can have
different cache duration and behavior...........
Read answer
What is partial classess in .net?
.Net2.0 supports the concept of partial classes which is unlike the concept of one
class one file. In .Net technology, one can define a single class over multiple files
using the concept of partial classes............
Read answer
Explain how to pass a querystring from an .asp page to aspx page.
Yesyoucandoitusingahyperlink<BR><ahref="Abc.aspx?name=test">Click to go to
aspx </a>.............
Read answer
Overview of the .NET Compact Framework
.NET Compact Framework is a scaled down versions of .NET framework for

supporting Windows CE based mobile and embedded devices like mobile
phones...............
What is Language Integrated Query (LINQ)?
LINQ is a set of extensions to .NET Framework that encapsulate language

integrated query, set and other transformation operations...................
Next>> Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6
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Discussion Board
ASP.NET questions
Exhaustive and quality exercise, have been using this site for my preparation for
interview.
Dilip 01-18-2012 06:49 AM
ASP.NET interview questions
Difference between Namespace and Assembly
-Namespace can span multiple assemblies.

-Namespace logically groups class.
-Assembly is physical grouping of logical units.
Can you explain how to sign out in forms authentication?
FormsAuthentication.SignOut()
What are namespaces provided by .NET for data management?
System.data
System.data.oledb
System.data.sqlclient
System.xml
What are the fundamental objects in ADO.NET?
Datareader
Dataset
What is the basic method of dataadapter?
fill, fillschema, update
Explain the importance of Manifest in .NET
- .NET Manifest stores assembly metadata.

-Metadata is responsible in doing versioning of assembly, secure identify,
resolve references to resources and classes
Ramesh 12-6-2011 12:35 AM
Can you explain the importance of Web.config?
It applies settings to each web application.
Explain the difference between dataset and datareader.
-Datareader provides forward-only and read-only access to data

-Dataset object can hold more than one table from the same data sources as
well as the relationships between them.
-Dataset is a disconnected architecture
-Dataset cab persist contents while datareader cannot persist contents
What are the ways of authentication technique in ASP.NET?
Windows authentication
Passport authentication
Forms authentication
How to format data inside DataGrid.
By using DataFormatString property
Tell me which method to customize columns in DataGrid.
Template column
How do we force validation control to run?
Page.Validate
Can we disable client side script in validation?
Yes, set EnableClient script to false
How to find how to code was executed.
Tracing
How to find how the code was executed.
Session.abandan
What are different IIS isolation levels?
LOW (IIS process)

Medium (Pooled)
High (Isolated)
Tanvir 12-6-2011 12:35 AM
What are the modes of storing ASP.NET session?
-InProc
-StateServer
-SQLServer
What are the ways to maintain state?
Hidden fields, viewstate, hidden frames, cookies, query string
Tell me the sequence in which ASP.NET events are processed.
-Page_Init
-Page_Load
-Control events
-Page_Unload event
How to assign page specific attributes.
By using @Page directive

Where is ViewState information stored?
HTML hidden fields
Name the validation controls in ASP.NET.
RequiredFieldValidator
RangeValidator
CompareValidator
RegularExpressionValidator
CustomValidator
ValidationSummary
Ranveer 12-6-2011 12:34 AM
What are different types of JIT?
-Pre-JIT, Econo-JIT, Normal-JIT
How can we perform transactions in .NET?
-Open a database connection using open method of the connection object.

-Begin a transaction using the Begin Transaction method of the connection
object.
-Execute the SQL commands using the command object.
-Commit or roll back the transaction using the commit or rollback method of the
transaction object.
-Close the database connection.
What is reflection?
-Reflection is used to browse through the metadata information.
-Using reflection you can dynamically invoke methods using
system.Type.Invokemember
Which class does the remote object has to inherit?
System.MarchalByRefObject
What are the different kinds of marshalling?
Marshal-by-value
Marshal-by-reference
What are different types of caching?
-Page Output caching

-Page Fragment Caching
Akash 12-6-2011 12:34 AM
What is a Assembly?
Assembly is a unit of deployment like an exe or a dll.
Explain the concept of strong names.
-Strong Name is same as GUID in COM components

-Strong Names helps GAC to differentiate between two versions
-It is required when we deploy assembly in GAC.
-Strong Names use public and private key concept
Difference between Namespaces and assembly.
Assembly is physical grouping of logical unit whereas Namespace is logically

groups classes.
What are the different types of Assembly?
- Private assembly
- Public assembly
Where is version information stored of an assembly?
Stored in assembly in manifest.
Kedar 12-6-2011 12:34 AM
ASP.NET interview questions and answers
Explain Global assembly cache, GAC.
Global assembly cache contains shared assemblies that are globally accessible to
all .net application on the machine.
Shared assembly is installed in the GAC.
NIsha 11-22-2011 02:51 AM
Difference between an EXE and a DLL.

An EXE is portable and executable with a entry point
A dll is not portable and executable since it has no entry point.
Disha 11-22-2011 02:51 AM
Machine config and web config. Can you explain them?
Machine config sets the base configuration for all the .net assemblies running
on the server.
Web config sets the base config for all the web app and override settings in
machine configuration.
Prithvi 11-22-2011 02:50 AM
Value types differ from reference types. Explain
variables of the value types directly contain their data.

Variables of the reference types store references to objects.
With reference types, it is possible for two variables to reference the same
object,
With value types, the variables have their own copy of the data.
Pratik 11-22-2011 02:50 AM
Is string a value type or a reference type?
String is a reference type.

Deepak 11-22-2011 02:49 AM
Benefits and Limitation of using Viewstate for state management.
Benefits of using Viewstate
With Viewstate states are retained automatically

It is simple to use and implement
No server resources are required because state is in a structure in the page code
From security point of view, it is safer than hidden fields as values in view state
are hashed, compressed, and encoded
Since the data is cached on the client View, state is good for caching data in
Web frame configurations.
Limitation of Viewstate
Performance are affected when large values are stored because view state is
stored in the page.
Despite the state stores data in a hashed format, it can still be tampered
because it is stored in a hidden field on the page.
Nidhi 11-12-2011 09:03 AM
What is Cache Callback in Cache?

Cache object is dependent on its dependencies example file based, time based
etc...Cache items
remove the object when cache dependencies change.ASP.NET provides
capability to execute a
callback method when that item is removed from cache.
What is scavenging?
It is process of deleting items from the cache when memory is scarce.
Items are removed from cache depending on cache item priority.
Cache item priority is set when you add item to cache.
The items scavenging are removed according to priority.
Explain different types of remote object creation mode in .NET.
Different ways in which object can be created using Remoting are

SAO (Server Activated Objects) also called as Well-Known call mode.
CAO (Client Activated Objects)
SAO has two modes “Single Call” and “Singleton”
With Single Call object, the object is stateless as object is created with every
method call.
The object is created once and the object is shared with all clients with
Singleton.
CAO are stateful as compared to SAO.

The creation request is sent from client side.
Client holds a proxy to the server object created on server.
Nidhi 11-12-2011 09:03 AM
How do we access viewstate value of this page in the next page ?
View state contains information about controls embedded on the particular

page.
ASP.NET 2.0 resolves this by embedding a hidden input field name,
__POSTBACK.
This field is embedded only when there is an IButtonControl on the page and its
PostBackUrl property is set to a non-null value.
This field contains the view state information of the poster page.
Explain how to implement Page Fragment Caching.
Page fragment caching involves the caching of a fragment of the page, rather
than the entire page.
When portions of the page are need to be dynamically created for each user
request this is best
method as compared to page caching. You can wrap Web Forms user control
and cache the
control so that these portions of the page do not need to be recreated each
time.
Explain the different types of caching using cache object of ASP.NET.

Two types of output caching to cache information:
Page Output Caching
Page Fragment Caching
Page Output Caching

Page output caching adds the response of page to cache object.
Later when page is requested page is displayed from cache rather than creating
the page object and displaying it.
Page output caching is good if the site is fairly static.
Page Fragment Caching

If parts of the page are changing, you can wrap the static sections as user
controls and cache the user controls using page fragment caching.
Nidhi 11-12-2011 09:02 AM
Explain about Query String and its benefits and limitations.
It is information sent to the server appended to the end of a page URL.

Benefits of query string:
No server resources are required.

The query string containing in the HTTP requests for a specific URL.
All browsers support query strings.
Following are limitations of query string
Query string data is directly visible to user thus leading to security problems.-
Most browsers and client devices impose a 255-character limit on URL length.
What is .NET Remoting?
.NET remoting is replacement of DCOM.

You can make remote object calls, which are in different Application Domains.
The client uses a proxy to make remote object calls, which looks like a real
object.
Client Channel communicates with Server Channel.
Server Channel uses as formatter to deserialize the message and sends to the
remote object.
Nidhi 11-12-2011 09:02 AM
What is Absolute and Sliding expiration?
You specify the duration of the cache using Absolute Expiration, starting from
the time the cache is activated.
Can you explain benefits and limitations of using Hidden frames?
Benefits of hidden frames:
Using hidden frames you can cache more than one data field.
The ability to cache and access data items stored in different hidden forms.
Limitations of hidden frames
They are not supported on all browsers.

The data can be tampered.
Nidhi 11-12-2011 09:02 AM
Explain the advantages and disadvantages of using Cookies.
Advantages of cookies
Since stored in client no server resources are required.

cookies are light weight and simple to use
Disadvantages of using cookies
Most browsers place a limit on the size of a cookie.

Use of cookies are inaffective when browser or client device’s ability to receive
cookies are disabled.
Cookies can be tampered.
Cookies can expire thus leading to inconsistency.
Nidhi 11-12-2011 09:01 AM
Benefits and Limitation of using Hidden fields.
Benefits of Hidden fields

Hidden fields are simple and easy to implement.
Hidden fields work with Web Farms as data is cached on client side
Good news is that all browsers support hidden field.
And yet another advantage is that no server resources are required for Hidden
fields usage
Limitations of Hidden field
One of the biggest threat of using Hidden fields are that they can be tampered
creating a security hole.
Page performance adversely affected if you store large data since the data are
stored in pages itself.
They do not support rich structures as HTML hidden fields are only single
valued.
Nidhi 11-12-2011 09:01 AM
Also Read
ASP.NET practice test

ASP.NET quiz
ASP.NET objective questions
ASP.NET mock written test
ASP.NET certifications, exams
Test your ASP.NET knowledge with our objective questions
ASP.NET DataList Control
Using the DataList control, Binding images to a DataList control dynamically,

Displaying data using the DataList control, Selecting, editing and delete data using
this control, Handling the DataList control events..........
ASP.NET Methodologies
ASP.NET attempts to make the web development methodology like the GUI
development methodology by allowing developers to build pages made up of
controls similar to a GUI. Server controls in ASP.NET function similarly to GUI
controls in other environments..........
Problems ASP.NET Solves
Microsoft developed ASP.NET, which greatly simplifies the web development

methodology...........
ASP.NET issues & options
The truth is that ASP.NET has several issues that need to be addressed..........
Explain the advantages of ASP.NET
Web application exists in compiled form on the server so the execution speed is
faster as compared to the interpreted scripts.........
What Is ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX?
AJAX-style communications between client and server. This communication is

over web services. Asynchronous communication. All client-to-server
communication in the ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX framework is asynchronous................
The components in the ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX packaging
ASP.NET AJAX Futures Community Technology Preview (CTP) — The ASP.NET 2.0
AJAX framework contains a set of functionality that is experimental in nature.
This functionality will eventually become integrated with the RTM/Core code.
Potential benefits of using Ajax
AJAX makes it possible to create better and more responsive websites and web
applications...............
Potential problems with AJAX
Search engines may not be able to index all portions of your AJAX application
site.........
What Is ASP.NET AJAX?
ASP.NET AJAX is the name of Microsoft’s AJAX solution, and it refers to a set of
client and server technologies that focus on improving web development with
Visual Studio...............
Balancing Client and Server Programming with ASP.NET AJAX
With AJAX, much of the logic surrounding user interactions can be moved to the
client. This presents its own set of challenges. Some examples of AJAX use
include streaming large datasets to the browser that are managed entirely in
JavaScript..................
Understanding Anonymous Types
Anonymous types defined with var are not VB variants. The var keyword signals
the compiler to emit a strong type based on the value of the operator on the
right side. Anonymous types can be used to initialize simple types like integers
and strings but detract modestly from clarity and add little value..............
Model View Controller
We will learn about MVC design patterns, and how Microsoft has made our lives
easier by creating the ASP.NET MVC framework for easier adoption of MVC
patterns in our web applications...............
MVC Design
MVC, which stands for Model View Controller, is a design pattern that helps us
achieve the decoupling of data access and business logic from the presentation
code , and also gives us the opportunity to unit test the GUI effectively and neatly,
without worrying about GUI changes at all..........
Page Controller Pattern in ASP.NET
Here it shows how a page controller pattern works in ASP.NET.
Test your ASP.NET knowledge with our multiple choice questions!

Search
aspnet2008.blogs w w w .google.co.
What is Microsoft SharePoint Portal Server?
SharePoint Portal Server is a portal server that connects people, teams, and
knowledge across business processes. SharePoint Portal Server integrates
information from various systems into one secure solution through single sign-on
and enterprise application integration capabilities. It provides flexible deployment
and management tools, and facilitates end-to-end collaboration through data
aggregation, organization, and searching. SharePoint Portal Server also enables
users to quickly find relevant information through customization and
personalization of portal content and layout as well as through audience
targeting.
What is Microsoft Windows SharePoint Services?
Windows SharePoint Services is the solution that enables you to create Web sites
for information sharing and document collaboration. Windows SharePoint
Services " a key piece of the information worker infrastructure delivered in
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 " provides additional functionality to the
Microsoft Office system and other desktop applications, and it serves as a
platform for application development.
Office SharePoint Server 2007 builds on top of Windows SharePoint Services 3.0
to provide additional capabilities including collaboration, portal, search,
enterprise content management, business process and forms, and business
intelligence.
What are the advantages of jQuery
The advantages of using jQuery are:

1. JavaScript enhancement without the overhead of learning new syntax
2. Ability to keep the code simple, clear, readable and reusable
3. Eradication of the requirement of writing repetitious and complex loops and
DOM scripting library calls
What is JQuery
JQuery is a light weight JavaScript library which provides fast and easy way of
HTML DOM traversing and manipulation, its event handling, its client side
animations, etc. One of the greatest features of jQuery is that jQuery supports an
efficient way to implement AJAX applications because of its light weight nature
and make normalize and efficient web programs.
The IHttpHandler and IHttpHandlerFactory interfaces ?
The IHttpHandler interface is implemented by all the handlers. The interface

consists of one property called IsReusable. The IsReusable property gets a value
indicating whether another request can use the IHttpHandler instance. The
method ProcessRequest() allows you to process the current request. This is the
core place where all your code goes. This method receives a parameter of type
HttpContext using which you can access the intrinsic objects such as Request and
Response. The IHttpHandlerFactory interface consists of two methods -
GetHandler and ReleaseHandler. The GetHandler() method instantiates the
required HTTP handler based on some condition and returns it back to ASP.NET.
The ReleaseHandler() method allows the factory to reuse an existing handler.
Does .NET CLR and SQL SERVER run in different process?
Dot Net CLR and all .net realtes application and Sql Server run in same process or
we can say that that on the same address because there is no issue of speed
because if these two process are run in different process then there may be a
speed issue created one process goes fast and other slow may create the
problem.
What do you mean by three-tier architecture?
The three-tier architecture was comes into existence to improve management of

code and contents and to improve the performance of the web based
applications. There are mainly three layers in three-tier architecture. the are
define as follows
(1)Presentation
(2)Business Logic
(3)Database


(1)First layer Presentation contains mainly the interface code, and this is shown
to user. This code could contain any technology that can be used on the client
side like HTML, JavaScript or VBScript etc.

(2)Second layer is Business Logic which contains all the code of the server-side
.This layer have code to interact with database and to query, manipulate, pass
data to user interface and handle any input from the UI as well.

(3)Third layer Data represents the data store like MS Access, SQL Server, an XML
file, an Excel file or even a text file containing data also some additional database
are also added to that layers.

When not to use Design Patterns
Do not use design patterns in any of the following situations.
• When the software being designed would not change with time.
• When the requirements of the source code of the application are unique.
If any of the above applies in the current software design, there is no need to
apply design patterns in the current design and increase unnecessary complexity
in the design.

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What is the difference between login controls and Forms authentication?

 Forms authentication can be easily implemented using login controls

Cache types in ASP.Net

1. Page Output caching [Output caching ]

Page output caching

Before starting Page Output caching we need to know the compilation

For Output caching , OutputCache directive can be added to any ASP.NET

<%@ Page Language="C#" %>

void Page_Load(Object sender, EventArgs e) {

<%@ OutputCache Duration="40" VaryByParam="*" %>

Output Caching Location:

<%@ OutputCache Duration='120' Location='Client' VaryByParam='none'

ASP.NET provides a mechanism for caching portions of pages, called page

<!— UserControl.ascx —>

<%@ OutputCache Duration='60'

ASP.NET page lifespan

What is Fragment Caching in ASP.NET?

Explain how to pass a querystring from an .asp page to aspx page.

Latest answer: FromHTMLinasppage:<ahref="abc.aspx?qstring1=test">Test

Describe how Passport authentication works.

ASP.NET application with Passport authentication implemented checks the user’s

Explain the steps to be followed to use Passport authentication.

1. Install the Passport SDK.

Explain the advantages of Passport authentication.

Explain the use of duration attribute of @OutputCache page directive.

Latest answer: Viewstate is used to maintain or retain values on postback. It helps

 If a site happens to not maintain a ViewState, then if a user has entered

What is ViewState? Explain its benefits and limitations.

Viewstate is used to maintain or retain values on postback. It helps in preserving a

What is the difference between src and Code-Behind?

What is the difference between URL and URI?

What is the Pre-Compilation feature of ASP.NET 2.0?

Latest answer: It is a process where things that can be handled before

It also helps in informing about the compilation failures.

During deployment, it generates the entire website folder structure in the

How can we create custom controls in ASP.NET?

Basic steps to create a Custom control:

1. Create Control Library

What is an application domain?

Describe SAO architecture of Remoting.

Latest answer: Remoting has at least three sections:-

Explain Singleton architecture of Remoting.

Define LeaseTime, SponsorshipTime, RenewOnCallTime, LeaseManagePollTime.

Briefly explain how to specify remoting parameters using config files.

Latest answer: The remoting parameters can be specified through both

What is marshalling? Explain types of marshalling.

Latest answer: Marshaling is a process of transforming or serializing data from

What is ObjRef object in remoting?

Latest answer: ObjRef is a searializable object returned by Marshal() that knows

Explain the steps of acquiring a proxy object in web services.

Explain the steps to create a web services and consume it.

Explain the difference between cache object and application object.

Latest answer: Application Object: Application variable/object stores an Object

What is Cache Callback in Cache?

Explain the types of Caching using Cache object of ASP.NET.

Explain how to implement Fragment Cache.

Explain the various modes of storing ASP.NET session.

What are the benefits and limitations of using Hidden Frames?

What are benefits and limitations of using Cookies?

Latest answer: Querystring is way to transfer information from one page to

What is Absolute and Sliding expiration in .NET?

Explain the concepts and capabilities of cross page posting.

Latest answer: Cross-page posting is done at the control level. It is possible to