Chapter 4

Worked Example 1
Q A mild steel toroid of effective length 20 cm is wound with 164 turns of wire which carries a current of
1.5 A. Determine (a) the mmf produced, (b) the magnet field strength, (c) the flux density, and (d) the
csa of the toroid if the flux produced is 154 ␮Wb.

ℓ
0.2 m; N
164; I
1.5A;

154  106 Wb

(a) F
N I ampere turn
164  1.5

so, F
246 At Ans

F 246
(b) H
ampere turn/metre

ᐉ 0.2
so, H
1230 At/m Ans

(c) B
0r H tesla; but since we do not know the value of r we will need to
use the B/H data for mild steel given.

From the diagram:

when H
1230 At/m, B
1.2 T Ans

(d) B
tesla, so, A
metre2
A B
154  106


1.2
and, A
128.3 mm2 Ans

11
12 Supplementary Worked Examples

B (T)
1.6
Mild
steel Stalloy

1.4

1.2
Radiometal

1.0
Cast
iron

0.8
Mumetal

0.6

Ferrite
0.4

0.2

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000

H (At/m)

Worked Example 2
Q A magnetic circuit consists of two ‘iron’ sections in series, separated by an air gap of length 1.5 mm.
Data for the two iron sections are given below.

Section length (mm) csa (mm2) µr

1 200 800 402
2 150 1000 300

A coil wound onto section 1 carries a current of 5 A which produces a flux density of 1.5 T in the air gap.
Determine the number of turns on the coil to achieve this.

I
5 A; Bgap
1.5 T; ℓgap
1.5  103 m; ℓ1
0.2 m; A1
8  104 m2

ℓ2
0.15 m; A2
103 m2

From the data given the reluctance of each section may be calculated thus.
 Supplementary Worked Examples 13

ᐉ1 0 .2
S1
ampere turn/Wb

 or1A1 4  10  420  8  104
7

and, S1
473 675
0.474  106 At/Wb

ᐉ2 0.15
S2
ampere turn/Wb

 or 2 A2 4  107  300  103
and, S2
397 887
0.398  106 At/Wb
ᐉ gap 1.5  103
Sgap


 o Agap 4  107  9  104

where Agap
9  104 m2 ,

i.e. the average of A1 and A2

so, Sgap
1.326  106 At/Wb

total circuit reluctance, S
S1  S2  Sgap
(0.474  0.398  1.326 )  106

hence, S
2.198  106 At/Wb

Bgap Agap weber
1.5  9  104
so,

1.35 mWb
and, F

S ampere turn
1.35  103  2.198  106
so, F
2963 At
F 2963
and number of turns, N


I 5
so, N
593 Ans