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Bamboo reinforced concrete construction follows same design, mix proportions and
construction techniques as used for steel reinforced. Just steel reinforcement is
replaced with bamboo reinforcement. Properties of bamboo reinforcement, mix
proportion of concrete, design and construction technique with bamboo reinforced
concrete is discussed in this article.
https://theconstructor.org/structural-engg/bamboo-reinforced-concrete-mix-design-construction/15054/ 1/17
31/01/2019 Bamboo Reinforced Concrete - Mix Proportion, Design and Construction
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Nature’s material, bamboo has been widely used for many purposes. Mainly as a
strength bearing material. It is used for building shelters from an earlier time.
Bamboo has used for sca olding works, formwork supporting stands and many in
building construction works. These are limited to medium-large projects.
Even though existence of bamboo has been found from centuries, bamboo as
reinforcement material is an innovation in the civil engineering construction eld. This
innovation was based on Clemson’s study that has been conducted in the Clemson
Agricultural College.
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The tensile strength property which is the main requirement of a reinforcing material
is seen appreciable for bamboo, compared with other materials including steel. The
structure of bamboo from its origin gives this property.
The hollow tubular structure has high resistance against wind forces when it is in
natural habitat. Working on the weak points of bamboo and bringing up an
innovation of bamboo as a structural steel replacement, would be a great alternative.
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Similarly, the process must be done for bamboo too. Bamboo is found in nature, they
have in di erent species. Each species di ers in their characteristics, texture,
thickness and strength. Hence it is essential to know which species is best for
reinforcing and which is not.
Color and Age – Employ bamboo having an evident brown color. This shows the
age of bamboo to be at least 3 years.
Harvesting – Try to avoid those bamboos that are cut either during spring or
summer seasons.
Species – Among 1500 species of bamboo, the best one must checked, tested to
satisfy the requirement as a reinforcing material.
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31/01/2019 Bamboo Reinforced Concrete - Mix Proportion, Design and Construction
The bamboo has a structure of a composite material with cellulose bers aligned
across the length. It has high thick bers near to the outer length of the bamboo,
which is the main reason why they resist huge wind forces.
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31/01/2019 Bamboo Reinforced Concrete - Mix Proportion, Design and Construction
Fig.1: Schematic Diagram of a Bamboo with centroid axis ‘Z’ and height ‘L’
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31/01/2019 Bamboo Reinforced Concrete - Mix Proportion, Design and Construction
Figure-1 shows a schematic diagram of a bamboo sample. The node that is seen in
the bamboo are represented by n. It is subjected to a lateral load ‘p’ causing a
maximum moment at the support. It forms a cantilever arrangement.
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31/01/2019 Bamboo Reinforced Concrete - Mix Proportion, Design and Construction
The bonding strength is based on this adhesive property of cement and the
compressive forces that are formed on the surface of the reinforcing bars. An
untreated bamboo a ects the bonding strength in the following manner:
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31/01/2019 Bamboo Reinforced Concrete - Mix Proportion, Design and Construction
The curing process enables the treatment of humidity content and the starch within
it, which is the main reason for insect attraction. The curing is e ective only if the
chosen bamboo is right one. As mentioned in the selection of bamboo.
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1. Curing on spot
2. Immersion process
3. By heating
4. Smoke Curing
The treatment must be done when the bamboo is in a dry state so that the
penetration undergoes in the right way. The preservation treatment done on bamboo
to take care of durability factor should have no e ect on the chemical composition.
The treatment itself should last, without being washed away under high water
conditions if any.
Durability is a major concern for bamboo material. The physical and chemical
properties of bamboo are found high with low content of humidity within it. This low
content would keep away molds in bamboos.
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31/01/2019 Bamboo Reinforced Concrete - Mix Proportion, Design and Construction
Fig. A column steel reinforcement bars after 10 years exposed within a closer
area
Bamboo reinforcement is found more durable than steel if it has undergone proper
treatments.
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Value
Mechanical Property Symbol
(psi)
Procedure and equations for the design of steel reinforced concrete can be used for
the design of bamboo reinforced concrete by using the mechanical properties of
bamboo reinforcement in place of steel reinforcement in the calculation.
Bamboo in exural members such as beams and slabs develops some cracking under
normal service loads due to its low modulus of elasticity. If such cracks in bamboo is
not tolerable for structural members, then the structural design can be carried then
steel reinforced designs or designs based on unreinforced sections are required.
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31/01/2019 Bamboo Reinforced Concrete - Mix Proportion, Design and Construction
Bonding between concrete and bamboo as reinforcement is must for design. Split
bamboo provides better bonding with concrete than whole culms when used as
reinforcement. Bamboo should be split and provided in more compact reinforcement
layers for better bonding with concrete.
Thus, concrete mix proportion for bamboo reinforced concrete must have water-
cement ratio as low as possible. It should also be considered to use concrete with
high early-strength cement to minimize cracks caused by swelling of bamboo.
The mix design of concrete can be as per the strength requirement for structure, as
per structural design. Since use of reinforcement has no e ect on compressive
strength requirement of concrete, bamboo reinforced concrete mix proportion can
be same as steel reinforced concrete mix design.
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