Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
1. Furnace 1
1.1. Menghitung Panas Masuk
1.1.1. Menghitung Q1 (Panas Sensibel Fuel Gas)
Diketahui :
𝑇𝑜𝑛 1000 𝐾𝑔 2.20462 𝑙𝑏 1 𝐷𝑎𝑦
m fuel gas = 5,274 𝐷𝑎𝑦× × ×
1 𝑇𝑜𝑛 1 𝐾𝑔 24 ℎ
= 484,4652 lb/h
T masuk = 37,875°C = 100,175°F
T basis = 60°F
ΔT = (100,175-60)°F = 40,175°F
1
EC&LC PT Pertamina (Persero) RU III Plaju
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝐻4
% Massa CH4 di dalam fuel gas = 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑘𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 𝑔𝑎𝑠 𝑥 100%
13,48
= 19,298 𝑥 100%
= 69,852 %
Laju alir CH4 di dalam fuel gas = % massa x laju alir fuel gas
= 338,4104 lb/jam
= 32,335 BTU/jam
2
Databook on Hydrocarbons; J.B.Maxwell; Halaman 88-89
Total 19,298 100 484,465 9329,1455
Jadi, Q1 = 9329,1455BTU/jam
= 484,4652 lb/h
%𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑘𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛
LHV = 𝑥 𝑁𝐻𝑉
100
NHV3 LHV
komponen %massa
(BTU/lb) (BTU/lb)
metana 69,852 21.500 15.018,2587
etana 10,069 20.420 2.056,1595
propana 2,794 19.930 556,7963
i-butana 0,934 19.610 183,0862
n-butana 0,813 19.670 159,9501
i-pentana 0,112 19.450 21,8308
pentena 0,109 19.184 20,9178
karbon dioksida 7,463 0 0
karbon monoksida 5,716 4.345 248,38136
nitrogen 1,988 0 0
Total 99,850 18.286,835
Q2 = m x LHV
= 484,4652 lb/jam x 18.286,835 BTU/lb
= 8.859.336,0228 BTU/jam
3
Databook on Hydrocarbons; J.B.Maxwell;Halaman 2-9
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐶
Berat C dalam CH4 = massa komponen x 𝐵𝑀 𝐶𝐻4
12
= 0,6985 x 16,04
= 0,522
massa
komponen BM C H O N
komponen
metana 0,699 6,04 0,5226 0,1742 0 0
etana 0,1007 30,08 0,0803 0,0134 0 0
propana 0,028 42,12 0,024 0,004 0 0
i-butana 0,009 58,12 0,0077 0,00161 0 0
n-butana 0,0081 58,12 0,0067 0,0014 0 0
i-pentana 0,0011 72,2 0,00093 0,0002 0 0
pentena 0,0011 70,14 0,0009 0,00016 0 0
Karbon
0,0746 44,04 0,020355 0 0,0542 0
dioksida
karbon
0,0572 38,04 0,0180 0 0,0240 0
monoksida
nitrogen 0,0199 28 0 0 0 0,01988
Total 0,9985 0,682 0,195 0,0783 0,01988
4
Diktat Combustion Program BPAT 2009
𝑂
Wa = (11,59𝑥𝐶) + (34,78𝑥 (𝐻 − 8 )) + 4,35(𝑆)
= 484,4652 lb/h
Tkeluar stack = 157,8016°C
Tambient = 32°C
Tabel Data Komposisi Flue Gas5
Rumus m (Nm3/kg fuel)
CO2 12,775
SO2 0,0002
O2 12,456
H2O 0
N2 19,1603
5
Hasil Analisa Laboratorium PT Pertamina (Persero) RU III Plaju
Tdinding luar = 50°C = 122°F
Luas dinding luar = 31,8 m2 = 342,303 ft2
Koefisien kondutivitas6
material Ketebalan (in)
(BTU/°F.ft2.jam)
Firebrick 9 0,563
Sil-o-cel brick 4,5 0,125
Red brick 4 0,47
Transite board 0,25 0,23
𝛥𝑇 774,15314−122
Q = 𝐿1 𝐿2 𝐿3 𝐿4 = 9 4,5 4 0,25
+
+ + + + +
𝑘1 𝑘2 𝑘3 𝑘4 12 𝑥 0,563 12 𝑥 0,125 12 𝑥 0,47 12 𝑥 0,23
= 127,0954 BTU/ft2.jam
Q5 = Q x Luas dinding luar
= 127,0954 BTU/ft2.jam x 342,303 ft2
Q5 = 43.505,1248 BTU/jam
= 81,8 %
6
Petroleum Refinery Engineering;W.L.Nelson;Halaman 529
Dari grafik didapatkan efisiensi berdasarkan temperature stack dan %excess air
adalah 81 %.
2. Furnace 2
2.1. Menghitung Panas Masuk
2.1.1. Menghitung Q1 (Panas Sensibel Fuel Gas)
Diketahui :
𝑇𝑜𝑛 1000 𝐾𝑔 2.20462 𝑙𝑏 1 𝐷𝑎𝑦
m fuel gas = 8,524 𝐷𝑎𝑦× × ×
1 𝑇𝑜𝑛 1 𝐾𝑔 24 ℎ
= 783,0075 lb/h
T masuk = 38,05°C = 100,49°F
T basis = 60°F
ΔT = (100,49-60)°F = 60,49°F
Fraksi
komponen rumus %volume BM
mol
metana CH4 84,04 16,04 0,8404
etana C2H4 6,46 30,08 0,0646
propana C3H6 1,28 42,12 0,0128
i-butana i-C4H10 0,31 58,12 0,0031
n-butana n-C4H10 0,27 58,12 0,0027
i-pentana i-C5H12 0,03 72,2 0,0003
n-pentana n-C5H12 0,04 72,2 0,0004
pentena C5H10 0,03 70,14 0,0003
karbon dioksida CO2 3,27 44,04 0,0327
karbon monoksida CO 2,9 38,04 0,029
nitrogen N2 1,37 28 0,0137
Total 100 1
= 0,8404 x 16,04
= 13,48 kg
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝐻4
% Massa CH4 di dalam fuel gas = 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑘𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 𝑔𝑎𝑠 𝑥 100%
13,48
= 19,298 𝑥 100%
= 69,852 %
Laju alir CH4 di dalam fuel gas = % massa x laju alir fuel gas
= 546,949 lb/jam
7
EC&LC PT Pertamina (Persero) RU III Plaju
Cp(T=60°F) komponen fuel gas
= 146,33 BTU/jam
= 783,0075 lb/h
%𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑘𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛
LHV = 𝑥 𝑁𝐻𝑉
100
8
Databook on Hydrocarbons; J.B.Maxwell; Halaman 88-89
NHV9 LHV
komponen %massa
(BTU/lb) (BTU/lb)
metana 69,852 21.500 15.018,2587
etana 10,069 20.420 2.056,1595
propana 2,794 19.930 556,7963
i-butana 0,934 19.610 183,0862
n-butana 0,813 19.670 159,9501
i-pentana 0,112 19.450 21,8308
pentena 0,109 19.184 20,9178
karbon dioksida 7,463 0 0
karbon monoksida 5,716 4.345 248,38136
nitrogen 1,988 0 0
Total 99,850 18.294,297
Q2 = m x LHV
= 783,0075 lb/jam x 18.294,297 BTU/lb
= 14.324.572,3178 BTU/jam
= 0,522
massa
komponen BM C H O N
komponen
metana 0,699 6,04 0,5226 0,1742 0 0
etana 0,1007 30,08 0,0803 0,0134 0 0
9
Databook on Hydrocarbons; J.B.Maxwell;Halaman 2-9
propana 0,028 42,12 0,024 0,004 0 0
i-butana 0,009 58,12 0,0077 0,00161 0 0
n-butana 0,0081 58,12 0,0067 0,0014 0 0
i-pentana 0,0011 72,2 0,00093 0,0002 0 0
pentena 0,0011 70,14 0,0009 0,00016 0 0
Karbon
0,0746 44,04 0,020355 0 0,0542 0
dioksida
karbon
0,0572 38,04 0,0180 0 0,0240 0
monoksida
nitrogen 0,0199 28 0 0 0 0,01988
Total 0,9985 0,6827 0,195 0,0783 0,01988
10
Diktat Combustion Program BPAT 2009
8,953
= (1 + ) 𝑥 11.244,01047𝑙𝑏/𝑗𝑎𝑚
100
= 783,0075 lb/h
Tkeluar stack = 157,8016°C
Tambient = 32°C
11
Hasil analisa laboratorium PT Pertamina (Persero) RU III Plaju
N2 19,1603
Diketahui:
Tdinding dalam = 593,4153°C = 1100,32574°F
Tdinding luar = 50°C = 122°F
Luas dinding luar = 31,8 m2 = 342,303 ft2
Koefisien kondutivitas12
material Ketebalan (in)
(BTU/°F.ft2.jam)
Firebrick 9 0,645
12
Petroleum Refinery Engineering;W.L.Nelson;Halaman 529
Sil-o-cel brick 4,5 0,125
Red brick 4 0,536
Transite board 0,25 0,23
𝛥𝑇 1100,32574−122
Q = 𝐿1 𝐿2 𝐿3 𝐿4 = 9 4,5 4 0,25
+
+ + + + +
𝑘1 𝑘2 𝑘3 𝑘4 12 𝑥 0,645 12 𝑥 0,125 12 𝑥 0,536 12 𝑥 0,23
= 200,6244 BTU/ft2.jam
Q5 = Q x Luas dinding luar
= 200,6244 BTU/ft2.jam x 342,303 ft2
Q5 = 68.674,3039 BTU/jam
= 81,37 %
Dari grafik didapatkan efisiensi berdasarkan temperature stack dan %excess air
adalah 84 %.