IOT BASED LPG WEIGHT AND LPG LEAKAGE

DETECTION SYSTEM

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by

T. PETCHIAMMAL (950815106069)

M. RAMADEVI (950815106077)

R. SONIYA GANDHI (950815106091)

S. SUGANDAMATHI (950815106096)

In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

in

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, TIRUNELVELI

ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI 600 025

MARCH 2019
 ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI 600 025

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project “IOT BASED LPG WEIGHT AND LPG
LEAKAGE DETECTION SYSTEM” is the Bonafide work of
PETCHIAMMAL. T, RAMADEVI. M, SONIYA GANDHI. R,
SUGANDAMATHI. S who carried out the project work under my supervision.
Certified further that to the best of my knowledge the work reported herein does
not form part of any other thesis or dissertation on the basis of which a degree or
award was conferred on an earlier occasion on this or any other candidate.

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

Prof. A. Kasthuri M.E., MISTE Prof. P.E. Irin Dorothy M.E.,

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT SUPERVISOR

Department of Electronics Department of Electronics

and Communication Engineering and Communication Engineering

Government College of Engineering Government College of Engineering

Tirunelveli – 627 007. Tirunelveli – 627 007.

 CERTIFICATE EVALUATION

College Name : Government College of Engineering, Tirunelveli – 627007

Branch & Semester : Electronics and Communication Engineering & VIII

NAME OF THE
NAME OF THE
S.NO TITLE PROJECT SUPERVISOR
STUDENTS
WITH DESIGNATION
T. PETCHIAMMAL
1. IOT BASED LPG
(9508151069)
M. RAMADEVI WEIGHT AND
2.
(950815106077) LPG LEAKAGE Prof. P.E. Irin Dorothy M.E.,
R. SONIYA GANDHI DETECTION
3.
(950815106091) SYSTEM
S. SUGANDAMATHI
4.
(950815106096)

This work is submitted for project examination held at Government College of

Engineering, Tirunelveli on ___________________

Internal Examiner External Examiner

 ACKNOWLEGEMNET

First and foremost, we thank the glorious almighty for blessing us with all
that was required for the completion of our project. We express our sincere thanks
to our Principal Dr. M. Issac Soloman Jebamani M.E., Ph.D., for permitting us
to carry out this project work successfully.

Our Sincere thanks are to our beloved Head of the Department Prof.
A. Kasthuri M.E., MISTE for her overwhelming support in all our endeavours.

We record our gratitude to our project guide Prof. P.E. Irin Dorathy M.E.,
and faculty advisor Prof. P.E. Irin Dorathy M.E., who has been the backbone for
us throughout this project. Her encouraging work, unfailing availability and
valuable guidance enabled us to complete this project successfully. Her keen
interest and support to us are most hearty acknowledged.

We sincerely thank all the teaching and non-teaching staff members for their
help in completing our project.

Finally, we thank our friends for their encouragement and help during the
execution of our project.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE
NO NO
1 ABSTRACT 1
2 INTRODUCTION 2
2.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM 3
2.2 BLOCK DESCRIPTION 4
2.3 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 6
2.4 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION 7
3 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION 7
3.1 SINGLE POWER SUPPLY 7
3.1a.BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR POWER 9
SUPPLY
3.1b.BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO AN 9
ELECTRICAL TRANSFORMER
3.1c.RECTIFIERS 10
3.1d.TYPE OF RECTIFIERS 10
3.1e.HALF WAVE RECTIFIER 10
3.1f.FULL WAVE RECTIFIER 11
3.1g.FULL WAVE BRIDGE RECTIFIER 12
3.1h.FILTERS 13
3.1i.REGULATORS 14
3.1j.PIN DETAILS 15
3.1k.IC 7805 16
 3.1l.FEATURES 16
3.2 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS 17
OTHER COMPONENTS 17
3.2a.CAPACITORS 17
3.2b.RESISTORS 17
3.3c.LED 19
3.3 ATMEGA 328 20
3.3a.ANALOG INPUT 20
3.4b.DIGITAL INPUT 20
3.4 ATMEGA 328 IC 21
3.5 MQ-5 GAS SENSOR 23
3.5a.STRUCTURE AND CONFIGURATION 27
3.5b.NOTIFICATION 28
3.6 LOAD CELL 30
3.6a.TYPES 32
3.6b.ISSUES 33
3.7 OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER 34

3.7a.PIN DESCRIPTION 35
3.8 RELAY DRIVER 36
3.8a.CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 37
3.8b.DRIVER 37
3.8c.DESCRIPTION 37
 3.8d.PIN DIAGRAM-ULN 2003 38
3.8e.RELAY 39
3.8f.RELAY PIN DIAGRAM 40
3.8g.OPERATION OF MAGNETIC RELAY 40
3.8h.ELECTROMAGNETIC RELAY 41
3.8i.RELAY CONTACTS AND 41
IDENTIFICATION
3.9 BUZZER 44
3.10 GSM MODEM 45
3.11 FEATURES OF GSM 47
3.12 LCD 49
3.13 ARDUINO 51

4 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION 55
4.1 ARDUINO SOFTWARE IDE 55
4.2 SAMPLE PROGRAM 57
4.3 DEVELOPMENT 58
4.3 APPLICATIONS 59

5 IoT 60
5.1 WORKING OF IoT 60
5.2 STRUCTURE OF IoT 61
5.3 APPLICATIONS 62
 5.4 ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES 64
5.5 ADVANTAGES 65
5.6 DISADVANTAGES 65
5.7 IoT SOFTWARE 66

6 ADVANTAGES 67

7 APPLICATIONS 68

8 CONCLUSION 69

9 REFERENCES 69