HISTORY

Early history of ice skating

Research suggests that the earliest
ice skating happened in
southern Finland more than 4,000
years ago. This was done to save
energy during winter
journeys.[1] Originally, skates were
merely sharpened, flattened bone
strapped to the bottom of the foot. Skaters did not actually skate on the
ice, but rather glided on top of it.

Rising popularity and first clubs

Ice skating was brought to Britain from the Netherlands, where James II was
briefly exiled in the 17th century. When he returned to England, this 'new'
sport was introduced to the British aristocracy, and was soon enjoyed by
people from all walks of life.
The first organised skating club was the Edinburgh Skating Club, formed in
the 1740s, (some claim the club was established as early as 1642).

Emergence as a sport
Skating became popular as a recreation, a means of transport and spectator
sport in The Fens in England for people from all walks of life. Racing was
the preserve of workers, most of them agricultural labourers. It is not known
when the first skating matches were held, but by the early nineteenth century
racing was well established and the results of matches were reported in the
press.[8] Skating as a sport developed on the lakes of Scotland and the canals
of the Netherlands. In the 13th and 14th centuries wood was substituted for
bone in skate blades, and in 1572 the first iron skates were manufactured.
 OBJECTIVES

The purpose of our cub is to promote the sport of figure skating and
encourage interest and participation by the general public. Our membership is
open to everyone and consists of recreational skaters, competitive skaters,
coaches, judges, and non-skating boosters who help to support our club and
its programs.
 PERSONS INVOLVED
Mirai Nagasu

o Mirai Nagasu is the first American

female figure skater in history to perform a
triple axel at an Olympics, which she
accomplished at the 2018 Games in PyeongChang,
South Korea.
o Nagasu began skating at the age of five.
After competing at the junior level and
entering the World Junior Championships in 2007 and 2008, (winning
silver and bronze medals, respectively), Nagasu went on to compete in
the Four Continent Championships and later in the World Championships,
winning 7th place overall in 2010 and 10th overall in 2016 in the
latter competition. She has medaled seven times in her career,
receiving gold in 2008.

Adam Rippon
o Figure skater Adam Rippon became the
first openly gay American man to qualify for
the Winter Olympics with his selection to the
U.S. team for the 2018 PyeongChang Games.
o Rippon's career got off to a very
promising start when he won the 2007 junior
Grand Prix Final title
o At the 2018 nationals, Rippon fell on
his opening jump of the long program and
finished in fourth place.

Tonya Harding
o Tonya Harding is an American
figure skater who ruined her future in the
sport when she was implicated in the attack
on fellow skater Nancy Kerrigan at the 1994
Olympic trials.

She went on to take the silver medal at the

world championships, place fourth at the 1992
Winter Olympic Games in Albertville
 RULES AND REGULATIONS

o Skate in a manner that does not endanger or interfere with other

skaters
o Roughness, excessive speeding or weaving through other skaters is
strictly prohibited.
o Skaters must follow the flow of traffic
o No figure skating or backward skating is permitted except in designated
area.
o No more than two (2) people may skate next to each other.
o No valuable items i.e. loose accessories, jewelry, coins, foods,
drinks, camera, walkman, radio, mobile etc.) Should be brought into the
ice rink
o Smoking is not allowed in the skating rink.
o Sitting or clinging on the handrail is strictly forbidden.
o Rented skating boots must be returned in the same condition
o Persons who appear to be under the influence of alcohol or other
substances will be asked to leave the centre.
o Fun Land Centre staff will not be held responsible for any loss or
damage to personal property.
o For your comfort we recommend the following items of clothing should be
worn: Hand gloves, Trousers/leg warmers, Sport socks & Helmets for
small children.
 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
ADVANTAGES

o Better balance Skating helps improve

balance and coordination, according
to research from the Sports Medicine
And Performance Centre at the
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
o Calorie expenditure While speed
skaters can expend 950 calories per
hour, even mere mortals can burn
450-600 calories on the ice. What's
more, the body has to work harder to
maintain core temperature in chilly conditions
o Aerobic power According to a study in the European Journal of Applied
Physiology, elite skaters demonstrated high levels of aerobic power
(the amount of energy that can be produced aerobically per unit of
time) both in skating and in cycling
o Strong thighs The bent knee position means that the thighs are working
continuously. Research from University Hospital of Northern Sweden
found that the strength of the quadriceps muscles of pro skaters was
related to the number of hours spent training per week
o Higher bone density A study in the Journal Of Bone And Mineral Research
found that, after 30 months of ice hockey training, bone density
throughout the body, particularly in the hip and spine, had increased
significantly. Further increases were seen after 70 months

DISADVANTAGES

o Breathing problems Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is high

among ice-rink athletes, probably due to breathing in air pollutants
used to maintain the ice rink. A study in the journal Medicine &
Science In Sport & Exercise found that 39.5% of female ice hockey
players had symptoms of EIB.
o Lack of safety equipment Unlike inline skaters, ice skaters don't wear
helmets, wrist, elbow or knee guards. While the smooth surface reduces
the incidence of cuts and grazes, statistics show that ice skaters
suffer more head injuries than inline (roller) skaters.
o Your age It's difficult to take up ice skating seriously as an adult,
as most coaching is aimed at children.
 HEALTH BENEFITS

o Improves joint flexibility: If your leg joints creak every time you
rise from your bed in the morning, ice skating could offer a real
solution. With its emphasis on quick foot movements and strong knees,
your leg joints will receive a great workout and hopefully feel more
flexible in no time.
o Builds leg muscles: Focusing on lower-body movement, ice skating offers
great exercise for the leg muscles, building and toning them up over
time.
o Cardio: Aerobic exercise is an important aspect of cardiovascular
health, and ice skating provides a great aerobic workout. The best part
about skating is you get a great cardio workout without even knowing
it.
o Endurance: Ice skating requires energy over an extended period of time,
making it a great way to build your endurance. The longer you skate,
the more you’ll improve your endurance, not just for ice skating but
for other sports and activities as well.
o Weight management: If you are trying to lose or maintain your weight,
ice skating is a good way to burn calories while having fun! Ice
skating burns from 300-650 calories per hour, depending on how hard you
skate.
 IMPORTANCE

o Mental fitness: The fresh air and sunshine in outdoor ice skating, as
well as the company of family and friends, greatly help in unwinding
from a long week of work and stress. Self confidence is definitely
improved as well.

o Stress relief: Regular physical activity like ice skating can help
combat the effects of stress. Ice skating is one of the most fun ways
to exercise, especially if you skate outdoors where you can soak up the
scenery and enjoy nature.

o Ice skating is a life sport.

o Ice skating is a life sport.

o They learn good sportsmanship and they develop social skills.

o Best of all, ice skating is a fun sport that children can do with
anyone. Parents, grandparents, friends and siblings can all
participate.
 EQUIPMENTS
Ice Skating Boots

Ice skating boots are constructed from stiff

leather to provide support to the ankle and
foot. The most important thing to consider
when buying ice skating boots is the fit.

Ice Skating Blades

Ice skating blades are not completely flat

from one tip to the other; instead, they
have a small curve referred to as the
rocker.

Ice Skating Clothing

There is not a dress code for ice rinks or frozen

ponds, but you do want to consider some important
aspects when deciding what to wear.
Ice Skating Hard Shell Helmet

Helmet is one of the most important equipment in

the speed skating as there are maximum number of
head injuries.

Ice Skating Knee and Shin Pads

Knee injury is also quite common and can be very

dangerous hence, knee pads are also compulsory.

Ice Skating Knee and Shin Pads

You need to have gloves which can protect you

from cuts and other hand injuries. Padded ski
gloves and leather gloves are considered to be
the best.
Ice Skating Bib Style Neck Guard

To protect your neck from any such injury,

get a neck protector which must cover your
neck as well as upper chest area. It should
also be cut resistant.

Ice Skating Elbow Pads

Elbow pad is necessary in case of beginners

as they tend to fall on their elbows.
Experienced skaters may not need this
equipment. Hockey elbow pads or rollerblading
elbow pads will also do.
 ASSOCIATIONS

U.S. Ice Rink Association

The U.S. Ice Rink Association
(Formerly STAR) is a non-
profit national membership
organization for individuals,
facilities and vendors in the
ice rink and arena industry.
Formed in 2000 through a joint
venture between U.S. Figure
Skating and USA Hockey with
the intent of servicing the
needs of ice-skating facility
owners and operators in the
United States.

Philippine Skating Union (PhSU)

The Philippine Skating Union (PhSU) is the sports

governing body of the Philippines for figure
skating and short track speedskating. PhSU was
granted provisional membership on June 13, 2004
by the International Skating Union.
ACLC COLLEGE OF IRIGA
SAN MIGUEL IRIGA CITY

IRISH JOY L. DE LIMA

STEM 11- B

ERIC P. DAYAO
PE INSTRUCTOR