Title: Preparation and Std of 1N Hydrochloric acid (HCl)

General:
HCl is an strong acid and it is considered as secondary standard. Therefore its
concentration decreases and needed to be determined after certain period of
time. This is carried out by titrating it volumetrically with the strong base in
presence of indicator.

Principle:
This is a simple Strong (Acid / Base) titration in which standard solution of
NaOH is used to determine molarity of prepared solution of HCl in presence of
PHENOLPHTHALEIN as indicator.

Apparatus:
Burette 50ml, volumetric flask 100ml, beaker 500ml, pipettes 1ml, 10ml, 20ml,
Erlenmeyer flask 100ml.

Reagents:
Distilled water (grade 3), About 1N HCl solution (prepared by dissolving about
82.89ml of 37% HCl in 1L of D. water) , 0.1% Phenolphthalein indicator
(prepared by dissolving 0.1 gm in 1:1 (water:ethanol) 100ml mixture, 1N NaOH
standard solution (prepared by dissolving 40 gm in 1L of D.water and then
standardize).

Parameters:
The concentration of HCl. solution to be determined is 1N.

Procedure:
1. Fill the burette with 1N standard solution of NaOH.
2. Take 10 ml of prepared HCl solution (whose concentration is to be
determined) in to the conical flask. Add 2-3 drops of
Phenolphthalein indicator in to the conical flask and then titrate
against 1M standard solution of NaOH until the solution become
pink colored which is the end point.
3. Note down the burette reading and perform the titration in
duplicate.
4. Calculate the Concentration of HCl by using the formula, given
below.
Calculation:
NORMALITY OF HCl = N (NaOH) x Vml (NaOH)
V ml (HCl)
(AND 1M = 1N OF HCl SOLUTION)
Result:
NORMALITY OF HCl CALCULATED IS = ---------- N.
OR = ---------- M.
Whereas,
NaOH = Sodium Hydroxide
HCl = Hydrochloric Acid

Shelf life and Standardization Interval:

1. Shelf life of Dilute HCl solution is 30 days, after that it should be
discarded and fresh solution should be prepared and standardized.
2. Standardization of Dilute HCl solution should be carried out after every 5
days (max.) if not used. In case of daily usage, it should be standardize
before use, each day.

Approval/ Rejection Criteria:

Difference in burette reading for the duplicate analysis should be = +0.1
Concentration of HCl Standard Solution should be = 1N + 0.2

Data Records:
1. Volume of HCl solution consumed. (Burette reading).
2. Concentration (Molarity) of HCl solution.

Checking:
Check that all the glass wares are washed and dried properly. Also check
that all the reagents and reference standards are made properly and the
place of working should be clean.

Precaution:
1. Before starting work with chemicals, must go through the M.S.D.S. of all
the chemicals and follow all the instruction strictly.
2. Wear gloves, goggles, mask, and apron before use of harmful chemicals
and use all the chemicals in fume hood.
3. In case of any damage or harm, stop the working immediately follow the
safety instruction given in M.S.D.S. and inform to supervisor.

Validation:
This procedure is issued after validation as per respective Chemical
Analysis Procedure.

Responsibilities: